Comparative analysis of biometry and anterior chamber metrics in the eyes of extreme hyperopic and emmetropic children.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical and biometric features of pediatric eyes with extreme hyperopia and report baseline biometric values.

Methods: In this prospective case-control study, the biometric parameters of eyes in children with extreme hyperopia were compared to those of an emmetropic cohort of similar age. Comprehensive eye examinations were conducted for new patients.

Bilateral cataract surgery in children: immediate sequential versus delayed sequential surgery.

Purpose: To compare ocular and anesthesia-related complications in a cohort of patients having undergone either delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (DSBCS) or immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS).

Methods: The medical records of children who underwent bilateral cataract surgery at our institution between 2012 and 2021were reviewed retrospectively. Included patients were 0-24 months of age, aphakic, and followed for at least 1 year after surgery.

Genetics of bilateral pediatric cataract in the Israeli and Palestinian populations.

Purpose: Bilateral pediatric cataract (BPC) is one of the most common causes of childhood visual impairment and blindness worldwide. A significant percentage of pediatric cataracts are caused by genetic alterations. We aim to characterize the set of genes and variants that cause BPC in the Israeli and Palestinian populations and to assess genotype-phenotype correlation.

Refractive predictive errors using Barrett II, Hoffer-Q, and SRKT formulae for pediatric IOL implantation.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of the Barrett II universal (BU II) formula, Hoffer-Q, and SRKT formulae following lensectomy and IOL implantation in a large pediatric cohort.

Methods: Retrospective study of children who underwent lensectomy and IOL implantation between 2015 and 2023 at Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Results: One hundred and fifty-one eyes of 104 children aged 6.

SENIOR-LØKEN SYNDROME: A Case Series and Review of the Renoretinal Phenotype and Advances of Molecular Diagnosis.

Purpose: To report genetic and clinical findings in a case series of 10 patients from eight unrelated families diagnosed with Senior-Løken syndrome.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients with Senior-Løken syndrome. Data collected included clinical findings electroretinography and ocular imaging.

Ophthalmology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To present an established practice protocol for safe and effective hospital-setting ophthalmic practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods And Analysis: Literature was reviewed to identify articles relevant to COVID-19 pandemic and ophthalmology. The following keywords were used: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 and telemedicine, combined with eye, ophthalmology, conjunctivitis and tears.

The "Crab" Memory Tool for the Actions of the Extraocular Muscles.

Introduction: Understanding the primary, secondary and tertiary actions of the vertical recti and oblique muscles is important in the diagnosis of various types of strabismus (superior oblique palsy, A- and V-patterns). Unfortunately, learning these actions can be very challenging. We designed a visual memory tool, and assessed its usefulness for medical students.

Comparison of a New, Filter-Free Stereopsis Test (BEST) With the Randot Stereotest in a Pediatric Cohort.

Purpose: To evaluate the Bernell Evaluation of Stereopsis Test (BEST) (Bernell Corporation, Mishawaka, IN), a new lenticular technology and filter-free test to measure stereopsis in children, and compare it to the Randot Stereotest (Randot) (Stereo Optical, Inc., Chicago, IL).

Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of children examined at the Center for Pediatric Ophthalmology at Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center from July to November 2018.

Pediatric Acquired and Progressive Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Myelination Following Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Few anecdotal reports have documented new onset and progression of myelination of the retinal nerve fiber layer. The authors report the unusual onset and progression of acquired myelination of the retinal nerve fiber layer in two children, following the diagnosis of presumed idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The nosologic relationship between myelination of the retinal nerve fiber layer and idiopathic intracranial hypertension is unclear and requires elucidation by further studies.

A homozygous deleterious CDK10 mutation in a patient with agenesis of corpus callosum, retinopathy, and deafness.

The primary cilium is a key organelle in numerous physiological and developmental processes. Genetic defects in the formation of this non-motile structure, in its maintenance and function, underlie a wide array of ciliopathies in human, including craniofacial, brain and heart malformations, and retinal and hearing defects. We used exome sequencing to study the molecular basis of disease in an 11-year-old female patient who suffered from growth retardation, global developmental delay with absent speech acquisition, agenesis of corpus callosum and paucity of white matter, sensorineural deafness, retinitis pigmentosa, vertebral anomalies, patent ductus arteriosus, and facial dysmorphism reminiscent of STAR syndrome, a suspected ciliopathy.

Strabismus developing after unilateral and bilateral cataract surgery in children.

PurposeTo evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of strabismus in children undergoing surgery for unilateral or bilateral cataract with or without intraocular lens implantation.MethodsMedical records of pediatric patients were evaluated from 2000 to 2011. Children undergoing surgery for unilateral or bilateral cataract with at least 1 year of follow-up were included.

Validity of ophthalmology surgical competency assessment rubric for strabismus surgery in resident training.

Unlabelled: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires US residency programs to assess ophthalmology residents for competency in 6 core areas. Ophthalmic surgical skills are currently part of the ACGME "Patient Care" competency, although some have advocated for a seventh competency, "Surgical Skills." The Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric for Strabismus Surgery in Resident Training (

Oscar: Strabismus) tool was designed to aid in the assessment of surgical skills using procedure specific behavioral anchors.

Nitric oxide secretion in human conjunctival fibroblasts is inhibited by alpha linolenic acid.

Purpose: It is known that both human conjunctival fibroblasts (HCF) and corneal epithelial (HCE) cells contribute to the inflammatory process in the ocular surface by releasing inflammatory cytokines. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) has an important role in inflammatory responses in the ocular surface. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the capacity of these cells to release nitric oxide in response to cytokines and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and show that Alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) inhibits these responses.

Hindbrain malformation and myoclonic seizures associated with a deleterious mutation in the INPP4A gene.

Hindbrain malformations with predominant cerebellar involvement have many causes including chromosomal disorders, specific genetic syndromes, and prenatal disruptions. The combination of a hindbrain malformation and myoclonic epilepsy is rare. Using exome sequencing in a consanguineous family, we identified a homozygous genomic deletion of 1770 bp within the INPP4A gene in a patient with myoclonic epilepsy, microcephaly, and atrophy of the inferior vermis and cerebellum.

Expression and activation of toll-like receptor 3 and toll-like receptor 4 on human corneal epithelial and conjunctival fibroblasts.

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are recognized as important contributors to the initiation and modulation of the inflammatory response in the eye. This study investigated the precise expression patterns and functionality of TLRs in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE) and in conjunctival fibroblasts (HCF).

Methods: The cell surface expression of TLRs 2-4, TLR7 and TLR9 in HCE and HCF was examined by flow cytometry with or without stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C).

Refractive profile in oculocutaneous albinism and its correlation with final visual outcome.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors in different subtypes of oculocutaneous albinism, and to see if there is any correlation between refractive errors and final visual outcome in this population.

Patients/methods: This is a retrospective study of 132 albino patients, ranging in age from 0.5 to 35 years.

Color flow mapping: a non-invasive tool for characterizing and differentiating between uveal melanomas and choroidal metastases.

The objective of this study was to characterize and differentiate vascular patterns of choroidal melanomas and choroidal metastases by color flow mapping (CFM). We conducted a retrospective chart study on CFM findings in 18 patients with choroidal melanomas and 10 patients with choroidal metastases. We evaluated the possibilities of applying CFM to identify hypo- versus hyper-vascularity within the tumor, a central 'dominant vessel', and Doppler signals in the tumor's center and/or periphery.

Strabismus surgery outcome among children and young adults with Down syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate postoperative alignment after strabismus surgery in children with Down syndrome.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 15 consecutive cases of children with Down syndrome who underwent surgery for strabismus between 1990 and 2008. Follow-up was at least 6 months (range, 0.

Eyelid pilomatrixoma: a description of 16 cases and a review of the literature.

Pilomatrixoma is an uncommon benign neoplasm that originates from the matrix of the hair root. It occurs more frequently in the head and neck region of children and adolescents, often involving the eyelid or eyebrow. Pilomatrixoma is often misdiagnosed clinically and the correct diagnosis can be established only after excision and histological examination.

Suppression of inflammatory and fibrotic responses in allergic inflammation by the amniotic membrane stromal matrix.

Background: The amniotic membrane (AM), which is the innermost layer of the placenta, was shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties in various in vitro and clinical studies.

Purpose: To evaluate the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of the AM matrix (AMM) on human conjunctival and lung fibroblasts in an in vitro system that tests fibrotic and inflammatory responses at the effector stages of allergic inflammation.

Methods: Human conjunctival or lung fibroblasts were seeded on plastic or on the stromal aspect of the AM, which was mounted on plastic inserts.

Co-existence of intraocular and orbital lymphoma.

Background: The concomitant occurrence of both intraocular and periocular lymphomas is extremely rare. Periocular involvement by lymphoproliferative disease ranges from benign lymphoid hyperplasia to malignant lymphoma. Intraocular lymphomas usually appear in conjunction with primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Treatment options in the management of choroidal metastases.

We performed a retrospective study of 40 consecutive patients (50 eyes) treated for choroidal metastases of solid systemic malignancies in order to evaluate treatment results. Patients received either systemic or local therapy or a combination of both. The most common primary tumor was breast carcinoma (62.

Post-brachytherapy initial tumour regression rate correlates with metastatic spread in posterior uveal melanoma.

Aim: To confirm the prognostic value of post-brachytherapy initial tumour regression rate in posterior uveal melanoma.

Methods: A prospective, comparative, observational cohort study was carried out on 147 eyes (147 patients) with choroidal melanoma (mean age 61 years) treated with Ru-106 brachytherapy.

Observation Procedure: Patients were followed clinically and ultrasonically every 6.