Genomic Characterization of Local Croatian Sheep Breeds-Effective Population Size, Inbreeding & Signatures of Selection.

The Istrian (IS) and the Pag sheep (PS) are local Croatian breeds which provide significant income for the regional economy and have a cultural and traditional importance for the inhabitants. The aim of this study was to estimate some important population specific genetic parameters in IS (N = 1293) and PS (N = 2637) based on genome wide SNPs. Estimates of linkage disequilibrium effective population size (N) evidenced more genetic variability in PS (N = 838) compared to IS (N = 197), regardless of historical time (both recent and ancient genetic variability).

Potential of Endangered Local Donkey Breeds in Meat and Milk Production.

The problem of the erosion of animal genetic resources is evident in certain local donkey breeds, and their long-term sustainability can be achieved by economically repositioning them. To develop alternative and sustainable commercial programs, the meat and milk production characteristics of Istrian donkey and Littoral Dinaric donkey breeds were investigated. The meat production characteristics were examined in mature males, whose carcasses were dissected, and meat composition was determined using NIT spectrophotometry and gas chromatography.

Evaluation of the Conservation Status of the Croatian Posavina Horse Breed Based on Pedigree and Microsatellite Data.

The Croatian Posavina horse (CPH) is native Croatian breed under a conservation program and under various programs of economic use (ecosystem services, agrotourism, and meat production). The aim of this study was to analyze the status of the CPH population through an analysis of their pedigree (28,483 records), phenotype (292 licensed stallions, 255 mares), and genetic structure (292 licensed stallions). The average generation interval was 8.

Conservation of a domestic metapopulation structured into related and partly admixed strains.

Preservation of genetic diversity is one of the most pressing challenges in the planetary boundaries concept. Within this context, we focused on genetic diversity in a native, unselected and highly admixed domesticated metapopulation. A set of 1,828 individuals from 60 different cattle breeds was analysed using a medium density SNP chip.

Prevalence of periodontal diseases in North Herzegovina.

Aim: To investigate effects of smoking on periodontal tissue and the occurrence of periodontal disease in the population of North Herzegovina.

Methods: The study included 800 persons of 20-49 years of age (400 smokers and 400 non-smokers), inhabitants of Prozor-Rama Municipality, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Periodontal condition assessment was made by the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs index (CPITN) at representative teeth: 16, 17, 21, 26, 27, 36, 37, 31, 46, and 47.

In vitro oxidative stress induced by conventional and self-ligating brackets.

Objective: To determine the in vitro oxidative stress induced by conventional and self-ligating brackets made of different materials.

Materials And Methods: The concentration of oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in DNA of murine fibroblast cells L929 after in vitro exposure to three types of conventional and four types of self-ligating brackets was assessed. To determine viability and changes in the number of cells before and after exposure, trypan blue dye was used.

Health status of population in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 15 years of transitional period.

War in Bosnia and Herzegovina lasted from 1991 to 1995 and resulted in profound consequences marked by the large number of victims, increase in the diseases and disorders prevalence, that were not common before it occurred. The effects it had on health status of the entire population was reflected through many negative demographic trends, increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and the spread of a number of unhealthy behavioral patterns and a lot of migrations. All this presents a problem for institutions of health system which are attempting to control these negative influences especially during the transition period, marked by the direct adverse consequences of the 1991-1995 war.

Prevalence of alcohol abuse and alcoholism in general population of Mostar region, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of alcohol abuse and alcoholism in the general population of Mostar region, Bosnia and Herzegovina. This study was conducted on a stratified sample of 704 participants. The prevalence of alcohol abuse was determined using standardized questionnaire on alcohol consumption--Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test.

Managing occupational safety and health in aluminum production: case study of aluminum production factory, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim: To assess the effect of modernization of the aluminium production on physical and chemical health hazards at work environment in the Aluminium Mostar factory. The modernization included introduction of automatic equipment, computerized management, and rationalized coke manipulation in Anoda, Electrolysis, and Cast House plants.

Method: Periodical measurements of chemical (gas concentrations and aerosols) and physical (microclimatic factors, noise, and illumination) factors were performed at the same workplaces by the same methods of measurements before (1982-1988) and after the modernization (2004).

Dental caries in postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Objectives: To present the prevalence of dental caries in postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH).

Methods: A survey focused on dmft and DMFT indices was carried out in four cantons of the Federation of BH in 1997. The dental health of 6- and 12-year-olds was assessed in random samples (n = 238 and 318, respectively).