Sutures positioning technique enhances the predictability and concordance between preoperative simulation and actual outcomes in rhinoplasty.

Background: The predictability and concordance between simulated and actual outcomes in rhinoplasty are uncertain. Here, we introduce a suture positioning technique (SPT), a simple and low-cost method to minimize the gap between the simulated and actual outcomes of rhinoplasty.

Methods: Seventy patients were enrolled in this study between January 2018 and January 2021.

Pyramidal multiple-theory (multi-type, multi-method and multi-layer) for facial fat grafting.

Background: Age-related changes to the face pertinent anatomy and important aspects of autologous fat grafting have been widely applied in facial rejuvenation. Various types of autologous fat products (Macrofat, Microfat, SEFF, nanofat, and SVF-gel) with different properties and applicabilities have been introduced and available for surgeons.

Methods: Key differences between common techniques for fat processing and infiltration.

Effects of miR126 Expressing Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Fat Graft Survival and Angiogenesis.

Background: Fat transplantation supported by supplementation with ASCs has become a reliable procedure for treating soft tissue defects. However, the unpredictable survival rates for grafted fat remains a challenge with post-transplantation ischemia causing tissue loss. MiR126, which regulates VEGF signaling, is an endothelial cell-specific miRNA known to play an essential role in angiogenesis.

NG2 expression in microglial cells affects the expression of neurotrophic and proinflammatory factors by regulating FAK phosphorylation.

Neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2), a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is significantly upregulated in a subset of glial cells in the facial motor nucleus (FMN) following CNS injury. NG2 is reported to promote the resulting inflammatory reaction, however, the mechanism by which NG2 mediates these effects is yet to be determined. In this study, we examined the changes in NG2 expressing microglial cells in the FMN in response to facial nerve axotomy (FNA) in mice.

Delineation the anatomy of posterior tibial artery perforator flaps using human cadavers with a modified technique.

Background: To delineate the distribution and course layer of the perforator vessels using a modified technique.

Methods: Twelve perforator flaps were obtained from the crura of six fresh adult cadavers. The flaps were randomized into three groups (n = 4 per group): the full-thickness flap group; the deep fascia-free flap group, and the subcutaneous adipose layer-free group.

Treatment of Xanthelasma Palpebrarum With Intralesional Pingyangmycin.

Background: Xanthelasma palpebrarum (xanthelasma) is the most common type of cutaneous xanthoma, and many patients tend to seek medical treatments for cosmetic reasons. Many methods treating xanthelasma have been proposed, but none of these options can be regarded as a perfect solution.

Objective: To study and evaluate the intralesional injection treatment of xanthelasma with pingyangmycin, which has been widely used as a broad-spectrum antitumor antibiotic.

Architectural properties of the neuromuscular compartments in selected forearm skeletal muscles.

The purposes f this study were to (i) explore the possibility of splitting the selected forearm muscles into separate compartments in human subjects; (ii) quantify the architectural properties of each neuromuscular compartment; and (iii) discuss the implication of these properties in split tendon transfer procedures. Twenty upper limbs from 10 fresh human cadavers were used in this study. Ten limbs of five cadavers were used for intramuscular nerve study by modified Sihler's staining technique, which confirmed the neuromuscular compartments.

Liver X receptor activation induces apoptosis of melanoma cell through caspase pathway.

Liver X receptors (LXRs) are nuclear receptors that function as ligand-activated transcription factors regulating lipid metabolism and inflammation. Recent discoveries found LXRs could regulate tumor growth in a variety of cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the effect of LXR activation on melanoma cell proliferation and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo.

Cross-leg flaps: our preferred alternative to free flaps in the treatment of complex traumatic lower extremity wounds.

Background: Cross-leg flaps are a good choice for reconstructing traumatized lower extremities, especially when free flaps cannot be used. In this article, we present our experience in the treatment of traumatic lower extremity wounds by using cross-leg flaps.

Study Design: A total of 56 patients suffering traumatic lower extremities were treated with cross-leg flaps.

[Clinical application of Reading man flap].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Reading man flap for the closure of round or elliptical-shaped defect.

Methods: Based on the asymmetric Z flaps, F1 (triangular flap) and F2 (rectangular flap) flaps were designed to cover the round or elliptical-shaped defects. The flaps size ranged from 0.

Facial reanimation by one-stage microneurovascular free abductor hallucis muscle transplantation: personal experience and long-term outcomes.

Background: In 1990, Jiang Hua introduced a new method using one-stage reconstruction with free abductor hallucis muscle transfer for dynamic reanimation of established unilateral facial paralysis. The authors present their experience with this procedure and analyze the postoperative complications and long-term functional and aesthetic outcomes.

Methods: From March of 1990 to March of 2010, 45 patients underwent the free abductor hallucis muscle transfer procedure in the authors' department.

Two methods can simultaneously display both intramuscular nerves and blood vessels.

Background: The arrangement and relationship of intramuscular nerves and blood vessels are critical to clinical physicians, but the majority of previous studies could not reflect them precisely.

Methods: In method 1, after rabbits were perfused with barium sulfate liquid silica gel, the specimen muscle was isolated and subjected to Sihler staining. The specimen muscles then underwent optical photography and molybdenum target radiography.

Profiling of innervations of mimetic muscles in fresh human cadavers using a modified Sihler's technique.

The nerve map of the human face, although important in guiding facial surgery, has not been well defined. In this study we applied a modified Sihler's technique to profile intramuscular innervation of human mimetic muscles. Six fresh cadaveric heads were used.

Correlation of contractile function recovery with acetylcholine receptor changes in a rat muscle flap model.

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between contractile function recovery and changes of acetylcholine receptors (AChR) in a transferred muscle flap following reinnervation. Orthotopic transfer of the gracilis muscle flap with repair of its nerve was performed bilaterally in 48 rats. The rats were randomly divided into six experimental groups based on the time intervals for assessments (1, 4, 5, 10, 20, and 30 weeks).

[MAFbx and MuRF1 mRNA expression and its relationship with muscular contractility following free muscle transfer].

Objective: To study muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1) mRNA expression and its relationship with muscular contraction following free muscle transfer.

Methods: The gracilis muscle was orthotopic transferred in adult rat to establish the animal model. The muscle at the unoperated side was used as control.

[MAFbx expression after free muscle transplantation and its relationship with muscle function].

Objective: To study the quantitative changes of ubiquitin ligase MAFbx mRNA and protein expression, muscle atrophy and muscle function following free muscle transplantation and to explore relationships among them.

Methods: Thirty-six female SD rats, SPF grade, weighing (250 +/- 25) g, were used. One hind limb of the rat was randomly selected as experimental side to receive in situ free gracilis muscle transplantation, and the counterlateral hind limb underwent no operation serving as control side.