Focal cerebral arteriopathy-inflammatory type in a child - MR diagnosis using vessel wall imaging technique with review of classification and diagnostic evaluation criteria.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in childhood is defined by a stroke occurring after 28 days of life to 18 years of age. This presents a distinct clinical challenge in terms of both diagnosis and treatment. The overlapping clinical presentations of acute ischemic stroke and its mimics such as migraine with aura, seizure with Todd paresis and encephalitis renders early accurate diagnosis of this time-sensitive condition difficult, with a change in the final diagnosis in up to 40% of patients.

Downregulation of PLZF in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance.

Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) acts as a tumor-suppressor gene in a series of cancers including prostate, melanoma, colon cancer and leukemia. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not yet been illustrated. The present study aimed to investigate the expression and epigenetic regulation of PLZF as well as its clinical significance in HCC.

The human microbiota: a new direction in the investigation of thoracic diseases.

Advancements in next generation sequencing technology have provided means for the comprehensive profiling of the microbial community in the respiratory tract in both physiological and pathological conditions. Recent studies have analyzed the bacterial composition in the respiratory tract of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), influenza and tuberculosis patients, and have identified novel targets that may potentially lead to secondary infections. Certain bacteria have also been found to regulate the lung immune system and have unexpected connections with respiratory diseases.