Publications by authors named "Anselm Hennis"

As we enter the era of digital interdependence, artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a key instrument to transform health care and address disparities and barriers in access to services. This viewpoint explores AI's potential to reduce inequalities in cancer care by improving diagnostic accuracy, optimizing resource allocation, and expanding access to medical care, especially in underserved communities. Despite persistent barriers, such as socioeconomic and geographical disparities, AI can significantly improve health care delivery.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - The study analyzed genetic factors linked to breast cancer in a diverse sample of 18,034 African ancestry cases and 22,104 controls, identifying 12 genetic variants tied to increased risk.
  • - Key findings included a rare variant (rs61751053) associated with overall breast cancer risk (odds ratio 1.48) and a common variant (rs76664032) connected to triple-negative breast cancer (odds ratio 1.30).
  • - A polygenic risk score (PRS) showed a predictive capability (0.60 area under the curve) for breast cancer risk, illustrating improved accuracy compared to PRS based on European data and highlighting the significance of diversity in genetic research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

African-ancestry (AA) participants are underrepresented in genetics research. Here, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) in AA female participants to identify putative breast cancer susceptibility genes. We built genetic models to predict levels of gene expression, exon junction, and 3' UTR alternative polyadenylation using genomic and transcriptomic data generated in normal breast tissues from 150 AA participants and then used these models to perform association analyses using genomic data from 18,034 cases and 22,104 controls.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Scientists looked at how certain genes may affect breast cancer in women with African ancestry.
  • They studied 9,241 women with breast cancer and compared them to 10,193 healthy women to find links between the genes and the disease.
  • They found specific gene variations that could increase the risk of breast cancer, especially types of cancer that don't depend on estrogen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) significantly affects African American women, who experience more severe symptoms and higher mortality rates compared to women of other races, with health disparities linked to socioeconomic factors.
  • The role of racism, described as an unmeasured factor affecting health outcomes, has become more recognized in relation to SLE, highlighting the need for addressing structural injustices in healthcare.
  • A framework for individual and national actions is proposed to tackle these disparities, advocating for healthcare as a fundamental human right and suggesting collaborative efforts to mitigate the impact of racism in healthcare access and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Diabetes has been increasing worldwide and is now among the 10 leading causes of death globally. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a complication of poorly managed diabetes, is related to high mortality risk. To better understand the situation in the Americas region, we evaluated diabetes and DKD mortality trends over the past 20 years.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A recent study analyzed genetic data from over 156,000 prostate cancer cases and 788,000 controls from diverse populations, significantly increasing the representation of non-European participants.
  • Researchers identified 187 new genetic risk variants for prostate cancer, bringing the total to 451, enhancing understanding of genetic factors across different ancestries.
  • The developed genetic risk score (GRS) showed varying risk levels for prostate cancer among different ancestry groups, highlighting its potential for better risk assessment, especially in men of African descent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading causes of death (18. 6 million deaths annually) and disability (393 million disability-adjusted life-years lost annually), worldwide. High blood pressure is the most important preventable risk factor for CVD and deaths, worldwide (10.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Genome-wide polygenic risk scores (GW-PRSs) have been reported to have better predictive ability than PRSs based on genome-wide significance thresholds across numerous traits. We compared the predictive ability of several GW-PRS approaches to a recently developed PRS of 269 established prostate cancer-risk variants from multi-ancestry GWASs and fine-mapping studies (PRS). GW-PRS models were trained with a large and diverse prostate cancer GWAS of 107,247 cases and 127,006 controls that we previously used to develop the multi-ancestry PRS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Genome-wide polygenic risk scores (GW-PRS) were analyzed for their predictive ability regarding prostate cancer risk, compared to an established multi-ancestry polygenic risk score (PRS).
  • The GW-PRS models utilized data from a large and diverse group of nearly 235,000 participants, including individuals from both African and European ancestries.
  • Results showed that while GW-PRS had varying predictive abilities, the multi-ancestry PRS performed equally well or better in predicting prostate cancer risk for both ancestry groups, indicating GW-PRS may not offer significant improvements in risk prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Multimorbidity increases the risk of all-cause mortality, and along with age, is an independent risk factor for severe disease and mortality from COVID-19. Inequities in the social determinants of health contributed to increased mortality from COVID-19 among disadvantaged populations. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of multimorbid conditions and associations with the social determinants of health in the US prior to the pandemic.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This article describes progress in tackling noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Americas since the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) started its NCD program 25 years ago. Changes in the epidemiology of NCDs, NCD policies, health service capacity, and surveillance are discussed. PAHO's NCD program is guided by regional plans of action on specific NCDs and risk factors, as well as a comprehensive NCD plan.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Public health progress in the Americas has reduced the burden of many infectious diseases, helping more people live longer lives. At the same time, the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing. NCD prevention rightly focuses on lifestyle risk factors, social, and economic determinants of health.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Genetic factors play an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) susceptibility.

Objective: To discover common genetic variants contributing to the risk of PCa in men of African ancestry.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We conducted a meta-analysis of ten genome-wide association studies consisting of 19378 cases and 61620 controls of African ancestry.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: This article presents the Americas regional results of the WHO non-communicable diseases (NCDs) Country Capacity Survey from 2019 to 2021, on NCD service capacity and disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Setting: Information on public sector primary care services for NCDs, and related technical inputs from 35 countries in the Americas region are provided.

Participants: All Ministry of Health officials managing a national NCD programme, from a WHO Member State in the Americas region, were included throughout this study.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

An overview of an integrated approach to improve noncommunicable disease (NCD) management is presented, along with tools on integrating NCD management as part of health system strengthening in the Americas. The study is based on an analysis of Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) data and publicly available information on NCD care and capacity, disruptions in NCD services, and guidance on NCD management. Gaps in NCD care are highlighted, in which an estimated 43.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This article describes the situation of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Americas, implementation of NCD interventions according to key progress indicators, the impact of COVID-19 on NCD services, and ways to reprioritize NCDs following COVID-19. Information was retrieved from institutional data and through a supplementary scoping review of published articles related to NCDs and COVID-19 in the Americas published April 2020-November 2021. While NCDs account for 80.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are useful for predicting breast cancer risk, but the prediction accuracy of existing PRSs in women of African ancestry (AA) remains relatively low. We aim to develop optimal PRSs for the prediction of overall and estrogen receptor (ER) subtype-specific breast cancer risk in AA women. The AA dataset comprised 9235 cases and 10 184 controls from four genome-wide association study (GWAS) consortia and a GWAS study in Ghana.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a major impact on the mental health of populations in the Americas. Studies show high rates of depression and anxiety, among other psychological symptoms, particularly among women, young people, those with pre-existing mental health conditions, health workers, and persons living in vulnerable conditions. Mental health systems and services have also been severely disrupted.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A rare African ancestry-specific germline deletion variant in HOXB13 (X285K, rs77179853) was recently reported in Martinican men with early-onset prostate cancer. Given the role of HOXB13 germline variation in prostate cancer, we investigated the association between HOXB13 X285K and prostate cancer risk in a large sample of 22 361 African ancestry men, including 11 688 prostate cancer cases. The risk allele was present only in men of West African ancestry, with an allele frequency in men that ranged from 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated social, economic, and health-related disparities, which disproportionately affect persons living in conditions of vulnerability. Such populations include ethnic groups who face discrimination and experience barriers to accessing comprehensive health care. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed these health disparities, and disruptions of essential health services have further widened the gaps in access to health care.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Many diseases of adulthood are associated with a woman's age at menarche. Genetic variation affects age at menarche, but it remains unclear whether in women of African ancestry the timing of menarche is regulated by genetic variants that were identified in predominantly European and East Asian populations.

Methods: We explored the genetic architecture of age at menarche in 3145 women of African ancestry who live in the USA, Barbados and Nigeria.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: