Community pharmacists' role towards preventing abuse or misuse and dependence of codeine-containing analgesic medications in Saudi Arabia: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The misuse or abuse and dependence of medications containing codeine continue to be a major global public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the role of community pharmacists in preventing the abuse or misuse and dependence of codeine-containing analgesic drugs in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 226 community pharmacists from various community pharmacies across multiple cities of Saudi Arabia was conducted from 09 May 2023 to 09 October 2023.

Exposure to secondary traumatic stress and its related factors among emergency nurses in Saudi Arabia: a mixed method study.

Background: Emergency department (ED) nurses are exposed to the risk of secondary traumatic stress (STS), which poses a threat not only to nurses' health and psychological well-being but also adversely affects the execution of their professional duties. The quality and outcome of their nursing services are negatively affected by STS.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to comprehensively investigate the prevalence and intensity of Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) among Emergency Department (ED) nurses.

Health-related quality of life among people with diabetes: A cross-sectional study in Hail region, Saudi Arabia ​.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a serious and expanding health problem, together with the issues of health- related quality of life (HRQoL). This further puts pressure on the government to allocate more funds for public healthcare.

Objectives: This study was devised to evaluate the health-related quality of life of people living with diabetes in Hail region of Saudi Arabia.

Integrated computational approaches for designing potent pyrimidine-based CDK9 inhibitors: 3D-QSAR, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations.

CDK9 is an emerging target for the development of anticancer drugs. The development of CDK9 inhibitors with significant potency had consistently posed a formidable challenge. In the current research, a number of computational methodologies, such as, 3D-QSAR, molecular docking, fingerprint analysis, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations followed by MMGB/PBSA and ADMET studies were used systemically to uncover the binding mechanism of pyrimidine derivatives against CDK9.

Measurement of portal vein indices and splenic index by ultrasound and their association with gastroesophageal varices in cirrhosis of liver.

Background And Objectives: Esophageal and gastric fundic varices are common in liver cirrhosis patients. Ultrasound with the Doppler study assesses liver cirrhosis severity, measuring portal vein and splenic indices' association with gastroesophageal varices.

Methodology: This study was conducted on 64 subjects with sonographic features of chronic liver disease who were referred for routine follow-up scans.

Prospective quantitative study: Doppler ultrasound in the evaluation of chronic renal allograft disease and correlation with histopathological finding.

Background And Objectives: Renal allograft biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing chronic allograft nephropathy, but noninvasive methods are needed to avoid unnecessary biopsies. Doppler ultrasonography, particularly the resistive index (RI), correlates with renal allograft dysfunction. This study aims to assess the relationship between renal sonographic parameters and biochemical parameters in diagnosing graft interstitial fibrosis.

Metastatic Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes among Patients with Lung Carcinoma in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Metastatic spread of lung cancer to supraclavicular lymph nodes is considered distant metastasis for treatment purposes. Detection of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in patients with lung cancer serves for tissue diagnosis by itself and also helps avoid more invasive biopsy from the primary lung mass itself. Ultrasonography of the lower neck can detect supraclavicular lymph nodes before they are palpable and can also be used for safe sampling of these lymph nodes.

Infection Prevalence at a Tertiary Hospital in Hail, Saudi Arabia: A Single-Center Study to Identify Strategies to Improve Antibiotic Usage.

Objective: Identifying the burden of disease and the condition of the Saudi population is in high demand from both a surveillance and analytical standpoint. The objective of this study was to determine the most prevalent infections among hospitalized patients (both community-acquired and hospital-acquired), the antibiotics prescribing pattern, and their relationship with patient characteristics like age and gender.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted comprising 2646 patients with infectious diseases or complications admitted to a tertiary hospital in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia.

Vanillin-Based Indolin-2-one Derivative Bearing a Pyridyl Moiety as a Promising Anti-Breast Cancer Agent via Anti-Estrogenic Activity.

The structure-based design introduced indoles as an essential motif in designing new selective estrogen receptor modulators employed for treating breast cancer. Therefore, here, a series of synthesized vanillin-substituted indolin-2-ones were screened against the NCI-60 cancer cell panel followed by in vivo, in vitro, and in silico studies. Physicochemical parameters were evaluated with HPLC and SwissADME tools.

Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Dynamic Simulation Targeting Main Protease (Mpro) of New, Thiazole Clubbed Pyridine Scaffolds as Potential COVID-19 Inhibitors.

Many biological activities of pyridine and thiazole derivatives have been reported, including antiviral activity and, more recently, as COVID-19 inhibitors. Thus, in this paper, we designed, synthesized, and characterized a novel series of -aminothiazole-hydrazineethyl-pyridines, beginning with a '-(1-(pyridine-3-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothiohydrazide derivative and various hydrazonoyl chlorides and phenacyl bromides. Their Schiff bases were prepared from the condensation of N-aminothiazole derivatives with 4-methoxybenzaldehyde.

Safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines, preventive strategies, and patient management.

Introduction: Fast-track approval has led to serious concerns on the perception of COVID-19 vaccines' safety among the public. Common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of COVID-19 vaccines are minor localized reactions, while systemic ADRs have been reported rarely. The serious ADRs include anaphylaxis, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia syndrome (VITTS), and reactions related to the pharmaceutical excipients present in the vaccine.

Assessment of the Quality of Saudi Patient Information Leaflets (PILs) Based on the Accuracy of Physical Description and Frequency of Solid Dosage Forms.

The physical description of dosage forms is one of the most important considerations in avoiding patient confusion and minimizing medication errors. This study aimed to determine the quality and accuracy of the physical descriptions in patient information leaflets (PILs). This cross-sectional study constituted a total of 200 drugs and PILs that were randomly selected, by pharmacy students, from Al-Dawaa community pharmacies in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia, from January 2021 to July 2021.

Generic Medicine and Generic Prescribing in Nepal: An Implication for Policymakers.

Generic medicines are being promoted in many countries for their added benefits over branded drugs, such as reduced price, therapeutic equivalence, and convenience to the patients. However, generic prescribing is still not up to the optimum level in Nepal to assure access to cost-effective, quality medicines to the public and to reduce the overall economic burden and practice-related errors of medications. This review aimed to discuss the current scenario of generic medicine, generic prescribing, hurdles on the one hand, and potentials ways in promoting generic medicine usage and generic prescribing in Nepal on the other.

The SARS-CoV-2 mutations versus vaccine effectiveness: New opportunities to new challenges.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic is hastening the discovery of the most efficient vaccines. The development of cost-effective vaccines seems to be the only solution to terminate this pandemic. However, the vaccines' effectiveness has been questioned due to recurrent mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome.

Toxicity studies and anti-arthritic effect of mandelic acid (2-hydroxy -2-phenyl acetic acid) using in vitro and in vivo techniques.

The major concern to search for new anti-arthritic drugs is primarily to prevent systemic complications and to maintain quality of life. As these drugs are prescribed for long duration so the objective is to ensure their safety in terms of toxicity. By keeping in view this concept, the present study was investigated to determine new anti-arthritic potential using in-vitro and in-vivo methods.

Assessment of Parents' Perceptions of Childhood Immunization: A Cross-Sectional Study from Pakistan.

Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions, with considerable impacts on people's health. Parents' perception of their knowledge, attitude, and satisfaction is an important factor, as they may be targeted by interventions for better immunization coverage. Therefore, this study aimed to assess parents' perceptions in terms of their knowledge, attitude, and satisfaction of the immunization of their children aged less than two years of age, in two cities of Pakistan.

Consumers' awareness, attitude and associated factors towards self-medication in Hail, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To determine the factors motivating the consumers towards self-medication, the intended indications and the consumers' perceptions about complications that may arise due to its use.

Design: Cross-sectional community based prospective study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Community pharmacies located at various locations of Hail, Saudi Arabia from January 2019 to March 2019.

Evaluation of community pharmacies regarding dispensing practices of antibiotics in two districts of central Nepal.

Objective: To evaluate the status of community pharmacies, their staff, and practices toward dispensing antibiotics.

Design: Cross-sectional, prospective.

Place And Duration Of Study: Community pharmacies in two districts of central Nepal, from March 2016 to May 2016.

Does pharmacist-supervised intervention through pharmaceutical care program influence direct healthcare cost burden of newly diagnosed diabetics in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nepal: a non-clinical randomised controlled trial approach.

Background: Cost is a vital component for people with chronic diseases as treatment is expected to be long or even lifelong in some diseases. Pharmacist contributions in decreasing the healthcare cost burden of chronic patients are not well described due to lack of sufficient evidences worldwide. In developing countries like Nepal, the estimation of direct healthcare cost burden among newly diagnosed diabetics is still a challenge for healthcare professionals, and pharmacist role in patient care is still theoretical and practically non-existent.