Depressive symptoms and smoking: Effect on mortality in a primary care cohort.

Objective: Depressive symptoms have been suggested to increase mortality risk but causality remains unproven. Depressive symptoms increase likelihood of smoking which is thus a potential factor modifying the effect of depressive symptoms on mortality. This study aims to assess if the association of depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality is affected by smoking.

Depressive symptoms and mortality - effect variation by body mass index: a prospective study in a primary care population.

Background/objective: Pre-existing diseases have been found to affect the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality. However, psychiatric disorders common in general population have not been previously addressed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of depressive symptoms and BMI with all-cause mortality.

Relationship of non-melancholic and melancholic depressive symptoms with all-cause mortality: A prospective study in a primary care population.

Objective: To assess relationship of non-melancholic and melancholic subtypes of depressive symptoms with all-cause mortality among cardiovascular risk persons.

Methods: A population-based prospective study of 2522 Finnish middle-aged persons with elevated cardiovascular risk was conducted. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck's Depression Inventory.

Non-melancholic depressive symptoms increase risk for incident cardiovascular disease: A prospective study in a primary care population at risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To assess subtypes of depressive symptoms and their relationship with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity among CVD risk persons.

Methods: A prospective study of 2522 CVD risk persons was conducted. Non-melancholic and melancholic depressive symptoms were assessed by Beck's Depression Inventory.

Poor or fair self-rated health is associated with depressive symptoms and impaired perceived physical health: A cross-sectional study in a primary care population at risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Psychosocial factors such as depressive symptoms should be considered when assessing cardiovascular (CV) risk. Depressive symptoms are suggested to be associated with poor perception of one's health, i.e.

Awareness of hypertension and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study in a primary care population.

Objective: To investigate the association of hypertension awareness and depressive symptoms, and to analyse factors predisposing aware hypertensives to depressive symptoms.

Design: Cross-sectional study in a primary care population.

Setting: Cardiovascular risk factor survey in two semi-rural towns in Finland.