Double-tract reconstruction is superior to esophagogastrostomy in controlling reflux esophagitis and enhancing quality of life after proximal gastrectomy: Results from a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to prospectively compare double-tract reconstruction (DTR) and esophagogastrostomy (EG) after proximal gastrectomy (PG) regarding the incidence of reflux esophagitis, quality of life (QOL), nutritional status and surgical safety.

Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial. Patients eligible for PG were enrolled and randomly assigned to the EG group and DTR group.

Immunohistochemical characteristics and potential therapeutic regimens of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach: a study of 139 cases.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of stomach (HAS) is a special subtype of gastric cancer with poor prognosis. Immunohistochemical analysis could provide important clues for the treatment of HAS. A total of 159 patients were diagnosed as HAS and 139 were enrolled in this study.

Exploration of molecular markers related to chemotherapy efficacy of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

Purpose: Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy may not improve the prognosis of patients with hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS), a rare pathological type of gastric cancer. Thus, the study aimed at the genomic and transcriptomic impacts of preoperative chemotherapy on HAS.

Methods: Patients with HAS who underwent surgical resection at Peking University Cancer Hospital were retrospectively included in this study.

Repeated endoscopic treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia.

GAVE is a relatively rare acquired vascular disease. The most common treatment for GAVE is endoscopic therapy. Argon plasma coagulation（APC） is usually the first-line choice for endoscopic GAVE treatment, but its recurrence rate is high and often requires multiple repeated treatments.

Spatially resolved multi-omics highlights cell-specific metabolic remodeling and interactions in gastric cancer.

Mapping tumor metabolic remodeling and their spatial crosstalk with surrounding non-tumor cells can fundamentally improve our understanding of tumor biology, facilitates the designing of advanced therapeutic strategies. Here, we present an integration of mass spectrometry imaging-based spatial metabolomics and lipidomics with microarray-based spatial transcriptomics to hierarchically visualize the intratumor metabolic heterogeneity and cell metabolic interactions in same gastric cancer sample. Tumor-associated metabolic reprogramming is imaged at metabolic-transcriptional levels, and maker metabolites, lipids, genes are connected in metabolic pathways and colocalized in the heterogeneous cancer tissues.

Prognostic significance of preoperative serum tumor markers in hepatoid adenocarcinoma of stomach (HAS).

Background: The role of preoperative serum tumor markers in HAS patients was vague, we designed the study to explore the effect of preoperative serum tumor markers on predicting the prognosis of HAS patients.

Methods: A total of 139 patients were included according to the different tumor makers. X-tile tool was employed to identify the optimal cut-off values of respective tumor makers.

Co-expression of receptor tyrosine kinases and CD8 T-lymphocyte genes is associated with distinct prognoses, immune cell infiltration patterns and immunogenicity in cancers.

Tumor angiogenesis and the immune microenvironment are 2 essential aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The combination of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor (TKI)-mediated antiangiogenic therapy and CD8 T-lymphocyte-mediated immunotherapy has become an important focus of cancer treatment, with good results for many tumor types. However, the complex regulatory interactions between these 2 treatment strategies have not been elucidated.

A mutation-based gene set predicts survival benefit after immunotherapy across multiple cancers and reveals the immune response landscape.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of many cancers. However, the limited population that benefits from ICI therapy makes it necessary to screen predictive biomarkers for stratifying patients. Currently, many biomarkers, such as tumor mutational burden (TMB), have been used in the clinic as indicative biomarkers.

The Value of Perioperative Chemotherapy for Patients With Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach Undergoing Radical Gastrectomy.

Background: Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a rare type of gastric cancer, but the role of perioperative chemotherapy is still poorly understood. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the associations between perioperative chemotherapy and prognosis of HAS.

Method: We retrospectively analyzed patients with locally advanced HAS who received radical surgery in Peking University Cancer Hospital between November 2009 and October 2020.

Pan-cancer single-cell landscape of tumor-infiltrating T cells.

T cells play a central role in cancer immunotherapy, but we lack systematic comparison of the heterogeneity and dynamics of tumor-infiltrating T cells across cancer types. We built a single-cell RNA-sequencing pan-cancer atlas of T cells for 316 donors across 21 cancer types and revealed distinct T cell composition patterns. We found multiple state-transition paths in the exhaustion of CD8 T cells and the preference of those paths among different tumor types.

Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS), a rare subtype of gastric cancer (GC), has a low incidence but a high mortality rate. Little is known about the molecular features of HAS. Here we applied whole-exome sequencing (WES) on 58 tumours and the matched normal controls from 54 HAS patients, transcriptome sequencing on 30 HAS tumours, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on one HAS tumour.

Identification of NOTCH4 mutation as a response biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy elicits durable antitumor responses in patients with many types of cancer. Genomic mutations may be used to predict the clinical benefits of ICI therapy. NOTCH homolog-4 (NOTCH4) is frequently mutated in several cancer types, but its role in immunotherapy is still unclear.

Construction and Validation of a Risk-Scoring Model that Preoperatively Predicts Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Gastric Cancer Patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to create a risk-scoring model to preoperatively predict the incidence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in early gastric cancer (EGC) patients to guide treatment.

Methods: To construct the risk-scoring model, we retrospectively analyzed a primary cohort of 548 EGC patients. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed.

Mutational spectrum and precision oncology for biliary tract carcinoma.

The genomic spectrum of biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) has been characterized and is associated with distinct anatomic and etiologic subtypes, yet limited studies have linked genomic alterations with personalized therapies in BTC patients. This study analyzed 803 patients with BTC:164 with gallbladder cancer, 475 with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and 164 with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. We determined genomic alterations, mutational signatures related to etiology and histopathology and prognostic biomarkers.

KK-LC-1 may be an effective prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer.

Background: The objective of the study was to detect the expression of Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1) in gastric cancer (GC) specimens and analyse the associations between KK-LC-1 expression and clinicopathological parameters and clinical prognosis.

Methods: All of the 94 patients in this study were GC patients who underwent surgical resection. KK-LC-1 protein expression in GC tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry.

Effect of Additional Trastuzumab in Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatment for Patients with Resectable HER2-Positive Gastric Cancer.

Background: Recent studies have reported a beneficial role of trastuzumab in neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) among resectable gastric cancer (GC) patients; however, the effect of adjuvant treatment (AT) combined with trastuzumab is understudied. We performed a retrospective cohort study to compare chemotherapies with or without trastuzumab among human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2 +) locally advanced GC patients in the AT and NAT settings, respectively.

Methods: We enrolled 208 HER2 + resected GC patients who underwent perioperative/postoperative treatment in 2010-2019 in a single-centered hospital, including 135 AT patients and 73 NAT patients.

Transcriptional landscape of cholangiocarcinoma revealed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of cancer with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Although some important genes and pathways associated with CCA have been identified, the relationship between coexpression and phenotype in CCA at the systems level remains unclear. In this study, the relationships underlying the molecular and clinical characteristics of CCA were investigated by employing weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA).

A decision analysis comparing three strategies for peritoneal lavage cytology testing in staging of gastric cancer in China.

Background: Positive peritoneal cytology (PCY) indicates metastasis (M1) in gastric cancer (GC) patients; both the American and Chinese guidelines recommend laparoscopic peritoneal lavage (LPL) for cytology. However, relatively high costs impair the widespread use of LPL in some resource-limited regions in China, and the cost-effectiveness of PCY testing remains unclear. Therefore, we performed a decision analysis to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of PCY testing by comparing the guideline-recommended intraoperative LPL, a newly proposed preoperative percutaneous peritoneal lavage (PPL), and a third strategy of exploratory laparotomy with no cytology testing (ELNC) among GC patients.

An Innovative Prognostic Model Based on Four Genes in Asian Patient with Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: Gastric cancer (GC) has substantial biological differences between Asian and non-Asian populations, which makes it difficult to have a unified predictive measure for all people. We aimed to identify novel prognostic biomarkers to help predict the prognosis of Asian GC patients.

Materials And Methods: We investigated the differential gene expression between GC and normal tissues of GSE66229.

Pembrolizumab combined with lenvatinib as non-first-line therapy in patients with refractory biliary tract carcinoma.

Background: A therapeutic strategy involving combined treatment with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (LEP) has demonstrated a relatively high antitumor response in several solid tumors; however, the efficacy and safety of LEP in patients with refractory bile tract carcinoma (BTC) remains unknown.

Methods: This is a single-arm study for a preliminary assessment of the efficacy and tolerability of LEP in patients who experienced progression from prior systemic treatments. Pre-treatment tumor tissues were collected to retrospectively evaluate the expression status of PDL1.