Identification and characterization of anti-diabetic principle in Senna alata (Linn.) flower using alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats.

Ethno-pharmacological Relevance: The age-long folkloric use of Senna alata flower (SAF) was recently substantiated with scientific evidence. However, the study did not account for the anti-diabetic principle(s) in SAF.

Aim Of The Study: The study aimed to identify and characterize the bioactive principle(s) responsible for the anti-diabetic activity in SAF.

Isolation of flavonoids from Musa acuminata Colla (Simili radjah, ABB) and the in vitro inhibitory effects of its leaf and fruit fractions on free radicals, acetylcholinesterase, 15-lipoxygenase, and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes.

Musa species are used traditionally for the management of many diseases. The study evaluated and compared anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of Musa acuminata (Simili radjah, ABB) fruits and leaves fractions and characterized the bioactive compounds using HPTLC-HRMS and NMR. Leaf fractions gave the higher biological activities than the fruit.

Screening of Potential Phytocompounds From (Thunb.) Leaves Targeting Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Signaling Pathway.

Background: Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) plays an important role in the development and progression in a variety of cancers and it is a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer and ovarian cancer. () is a South African medicinal plant in the family Ebenaceae used in the management of different human diseases and disorders.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential inhibitors against HER2 from hexane extract of leaves.

A Review of Plants Used in South African Traditional Medicine for the Management and Treatment of Hypertension.

South Africa contains 9% of the world's higher plants, and despite its rich biodiversity, it has one of the highest prevalence of hypertension in Africa. This review provides information on medicinal plants embraced in South Africa for hypertension management, with the aim of reporting pharmacological information on the indigenous use of these plants as antihypertensives. This review not only focuses on the activity of antihypertensive medicinal plants but also reports some of its phytochemical constituents and other ethnopharmacological and therapeutic properties.

Antioxidant and Inhibitory Effects of Saponin Extracts from Burtt Davy on Key Enzymes Implicated in Type 2 Diabetes .

Context: is a plant of South African origin with various acclaimed pharmaceutical potentials.

Aims: This study explored the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of saponin extract from .

Materials And Methods: Antioxidant activity of saponin was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (*NO)-free radical scavenging activity while antidiabetic potentials were measured by the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the saponin extract.

KINETICS OF MODULATORY ROLE OF L. ON THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF KEY CARBOHYDRATE METABOLIZING ENZYMES.

Background: The continuous search for new lead compounds as viable inhibitors of specific enzymes linked to carbohydrate metabolism has intensified. L. is one of the therapeutically implicated botanicals against several degenerative diseases including diabetes mellitus.

Time-kill kinetics and biocidal effect of Euclea crispa leaf extracts against microbial membrane.

Objective: To evaluate antimicrobial potential of the fractions partitioned from Euclea crispa leaf extract and determination of their impact on cell membrane disruption.

Methods: Antimicrobial potentials were evaluated via susceptibility test, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and time-kill kinetics of the potent fractions. Degree of membrane disruption was determined by the amount of proteins and nucleotides released from within the cells and SEM images of the membrane after 120 min of treatment.

THE PURVIEW OF PHYTOTHERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF KIDNEY DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON NIGERIA AND SOUTH AFRICA.

Background: The kidney is tasked with a number of metabolic functions in the body. In its role as a detoxifier and primary eliminator of xenobiotics, it becomes vulnerable to developing injuries. Currently, over 1 million people in the world are living on renal replacement therapies (RRTs).

Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants Used by the Basotho Tribe of Eastern Free State: A Review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) belongs to the group of five leading important diseases causing death globally and remains a major health problem in Africa. A number of factors such as poverty, poor eating habit, and hormonal imbalance are responsible for the occurrence of the disease. It poses a major health challenge in Africa continent today and the prevalence continues to increase at an alarming rate.

Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Aqueous Root Extract of Dicoma anomala Sond. in Wistar Rats.

The present study evaluated the safety of aqueous root extract of Dicoma anomala (AQRED) through acute and subchronic toxicity studies. Single oral dose of AQRED at the concentration of 0, 5, 300, and 2000 mg/kg as well as 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day was administered to rats for 14-day acute and 90-day subchronic oral toxicity studies. The results revealed no mortalities or observed clinical signs of toxicity in all the rats during both investigation periods.

Toxicopathological Evaluation of Hydroethanol Extract of Dianthus basuticus in Wistar Rats.

Background. Dianthus basuticus is a commonly used medicinal plant in Basotho traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes, but there is no report on its safety or toxicity. Therefore, we evaluated the toxicity profile of the hydroethanol whole plant extract of Dianthus basuticus in Wistar rats.

Protective Effect of Free and Bound Polyphenol Extracts from Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) on the Hepatic Antioxidant and Some Carbohydrate Metabolizing Enzymes of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of polyphenols from Zingiber officinale on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by assessing liver antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and liver function indices. Initial oral glucose tolerance test was conducted using 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg body weight of both free and bound polyphenols from Z. officinale.

Medicinal potential of Morella serata (Lam.) Killick (Myricaceae) root extracts: biological and pharmacological activities.

Background: Morella serata is a South African medicinal plant used in the treatment of microbial infections and to enhance male sexual performance. There is dearth of information in scientific literature on its efficacy and safety.

Methods: In the present study, the root extracts were investigated for the phytochemicals that may be present the antibacterial, anticandida activity using 96 wells microtitre plate method and cytotoxicity using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality assay.

Toxicity profile of ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica stem bark in male Wistar rats.

Objective: To investigate the toxic implications of ethanolic stem bark extract of Azadirachta indica (A. indica) at 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight in Wistar rats.

Methods: Fifty male rats of Wistar strains were randomly grouped into five (A-E) of ten animals each.

Evaluation of aqueous extract of Felicia muricata leaves for anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antipyretic activities.

Context: Felicia muricata Thunb. (Nees) (Asteraceae) leaves are used in folklore medicine of South Africa as an oral remedy for pain and inflammation. However, the efficacy of the plant part is yet to be validated with scientific experiments.