Making a Splash: A Closer Look at Early Specialization in Competitive Diving.

This review article explores the multifaceted aspects of early specialization in diving, focusing on its implications for injury prevalence, performance, and mental health. It highlights the increasing trend of early specialization driven by ambitions for collegiate and Olympic success, despite recommendations advocating for diversification. Divers are at risk for acute and overuse injuries, particularly during high-velocity water entries; however, data on injury patterns, especially among elite divers and early specializers, remains scarce.

Diving Into Sports Specialization: The Association of Early Specialization on Injury Rates in Youth to Young Adult Divers.

Objectives: This study explored the link between early sports specialization and injury rates in youth divers, a relationship that remains largely unexplored within diving.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Members of the USA Diving Organization and collegiate male and female divers participated in an online survey, reporting their sports involvement and injury history.

and gene expression in colorectal cancer: comprehensive profiling and clinical value.

Background: The C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)/C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) axis plays a major role in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to characterize the molecular features associated with / expression in CRC and to determine whether / levels could impact treatment outcomes.

Methods: 7604 CRCs tested with NextGen Sequencing on DNA and RNA were analyzed.

Partner support and relationship quality as potential resources for childbirth and the transition to parenthood.

Background: The aim of the present paper was to explore the role of partners for the stressful life events of birth and the transition to parenthood.

Methods: In a first prospective longitudinal study (N = 304 dyads) we tested whether relationship quality positively predicted fewer interventions during labor and birth, a more positive birth experience, and better well-being during the first six weeks after birth. In a second study we surveyed mothers (N = 980; retrospective quasi-experimental design) who had given birth during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020 - some in the absence of their partners - to test the assumption that regardless of relationship quality, the presence of the partner was positively related to low-intervention births and the birth experience.

Variation in Treatment of Pediatric Tuberculosis Infection in Different Provider Settings.

Objectives: To evaluate implementation of rifamycin-based regimens (RBR) for pediatric tuberculosis infection (TBI) treatment among 3 provider settings in a high-incidence county.

Study Design: A multicenter, retrospective observational study was performed across 3 sites in Los Angeles County: an academic center (AC), a general pediatrics federally qualified health center (FQHC), and department of public health (DPH) tuberculosis clinics. Patients initiated on TBI treatment age 1 months to 17 years between 2018 and 2020 were included.

Neurotransmitter signaling: a new frontier in colorectal cancer biology and treatment.

The brain-gut axis, a bidirectional network between the central and enteric nervous system, plays a critical role in modulating the gastrointestinal tract function and homeostasis. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that neuronal signaling molecules can promote gastrointestinal cancers, however, the mechanisms remain unclear. Aberrant expression of neurotransmitter signaling genes in colorectal cancer supports the role of neurotransmitters to stimulate tumor growth and metastatic spread by promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis.

Impact of sex, age, and ethnicity/race on the survival of patients with rectal cancer in the United States from 1988 to 2012.

Most studies report on colon and rectal cancers collectively, even though biologic and prognostic differences exist between these disease entities. Here, we investigated the effects of sex, age, and ethnicity/race on rectal cancer (RC) mortality by stage focusing on differences before and after 2004.Using the SEER database, we identified 105,511 patients diagnosed with RC from 1988-2012.

Molecular pathways: Estrogen pathway in colorectal cancer.

Worldwide, colorectal cancer has a higher incidence rate in men than in women, suggesting a protective role for sex hormones in the development of the disease. Preclinical data support a role for estrogen and its receptors in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer and establishes that protective effects of estrogen are exerted through ERβ. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women as well as consumption of soy reduces the incidence of colorectal cancer.

Structures of the I-, II- and H-methane clathrates and the ice-methane clathrate phase transition from quantum-chemical modeling with force-field thermal corrections.

Methane hydrates with the three clathrate structures I, II, and H are studied by quantum-chemical methods. Hybrid density-functional theory B3LYP computations using periodic boundary conditions are combined with force-field methods for the thermal energy effects to calculate energetic, thermodynamic, and structural properties. The pressure dependencies for the crystal structures, lattice energies, and guest molecule interactions are derived.

A theoretical study of water equilibria: the cluster distribution versus temperature and pressure for (H2O)n, n = 1-60, and ice.

The size distribution of water clusters at equilibrium is studied using quantum-chemical calculations in combination with statistical thermodynamics. The necessary energetic data is obtained by quantum-chemical B3LYP computations and through extrapolations from the B3LYP results for the larger clusters. Clusters with up to 60 molecules are included in the equilibrium computations.

Theoretical IR spectra for water clusters (H2O)n (n = 6-22, 28, 30) and identification of spectral contributions from different H-bond conformations in gaseous and liquid water.

The vibrational IR spectra in the O-H stretching region are computed for water clusters containing 6-22, 28, and 30 molecules using quantum-chemical calculations (B3LYP and an augmented basis set). For the cluster with 20 molecules, several different structures were studied. The vibrational spectrum was partitioned into contributions from different molecules according to their coordination properties.

A theoretical study of water clusters: the relation between hydrogen-bond topology and interaction energy from quantum-chemical computations for clusters with up to 22 molecules.

Quantum-chemical calculations of a variety of water clusters with eight, ten and twelve molecules were performed, as well as for selected clusters with up to 22 water molecules. Geometry optimizations were carried out at the B3LYP/cc-pVDZ level and single-point energies were calculated at the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ level for selected clusters. The electronic energies were studied with respect to the geometry of the oxygen arrangement and six different characteristics of the hydrogen-bond arrangement in the cluster.