The Impact of Land Tenure Security on a Livelihood Intervention for People Living with HIV in Western Kenya.

Few studies have explored land access, a structural driver of health, and women's participation in livelihood interventions to improve food security and HIV outcomes. This qualitative study, embedded within Shamba Maisha (NCT02815579)-a randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining the impact of a multisectoral intervention among farmers living with HIV in western Kenya-sought to explore the influence of perceived access to and control of land on agricultural productivity, investments, and benefits. Thirty in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with purposively sampled men and women, 3 to 6 months after receiving intervention inputs; data were deductively and inductively coded and analyzed.

Neurophobia in Africa: Survey responses from fifteen African countries.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of "neurophobia," or fear of the neurosciences and neurology, and perceptions of neurology education among medical trainees in African countries.

Background: Perceptions of neurology and characterization of neurophobia have been studied among medical trainees around the world. However, few studies on neurophobia have been conducted in African countries despite having a disproportionately high burden of neurological disease and fewer neurologists per capita than all other world regions.

"When I Eat Well, I Will Be Healthy, and the Child Will Also Be Healthy": Maternal Nutrition among HIV-Infected Women Enrolled in a Livelihood Intervention in Western Kenya.

Background: Food insecurity remains a major obstacle to achieving health and well-being for individuals living with HIV in western Kenya. Studies have shown that pregnant women are vulnerable to experiencing food insecurity worldwide, with significant consequences for both maternal and child health. The cluster randomized controlled trial in western Kenya (which means "farming for life" in Swahili) tested the effects of a multisectoral livelihood intervention consisting of agricultural and finance trainings, farm inputs, and a loan on health and food security among 746 farmers living with HIV in Kisumu, Homa Bay, and Migori Counties.

Basal forebrain dynamics during a tactile discrimination task.

The nucleus basalis (NB) is a cholinergic neuromodulatory structure that projects liberally to the entire cortical mantle and regulates information processing in all cortical layers. Here, we recorded activity from populations of single units in the NB as rats performed a whisker-dependent tactile discrimination task. Over 80% of neurons responded with significant modulation in at least one phase of the task.