Proteasome associated function of UCH37 is evolutionarily conserved in Plasmodium parasites.

Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 37 (UCH37 also known as UCHL5) is a conserved deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) with dual roles in proteasomal degradation and chromatin remodeling in humans. Its Plasmodium falciparum ortholog, PfUCH37, is unusual in that it possesses both DUB and deneddylating activities. While PfUCH37 is enriched in proteasome preparations, its direct interaction and broader functions in Plasmodium remain unclear, particularly given the absence of the chromatin remodeling complex INO80 homologs.

Molecular Characterization of Differences between the Tomato Immune Receptors Flagellin Sensing 3 and Flagellin Sensing 2.

Plants mount defense responses by recognizing indicators of pathogen invasion, including microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Flagellin, from the bacterial pathogen pv. tomato (), contains two MAMPs, flg22 and flgII-28, that are recognized by tomato () receptors Flagellin sensing2 (Fls2) and Fls3, respectively, but to what degree each receptor contributes to immunity and whether they promote immune responses using the same molecular mechanisms are unknown.