Evaluation of an Elastomeric Honeycomb Bicycle Helmet Design to Mitigate Head Kinematics in Oblique Impacts.

Head impacts in bicycle accidents are typically oblique to the impact surface and transmit both normal and tangential forces to the head, causing linear and rotational head kinematics, respectively. Traditional expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam bicycle helmets are effective at preventing many head injuries, especially skull fractures and severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) (primarily from normal contact forces). However, the incidence of concussion from collisions (primarily from rotational head motion) remains high, indicating need for enhanced protection.

Lipid oxidation and antioxidant capacity in multigenerational heat stressed Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

In some areas of the world, climate-controlled poultry houses are not possible; thus, likely resulting in lower production measurements and poorer quality poultry products due to lipid oxidation during heat stress. In Japanese quail, heat stress can occur starting at 30˚C; however, as climate change becomes more severe, temperatures above 30˚C may become more frequent. Endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) can prevent further oxidation.

Lactobacillus (L. plantarum & L. rhamnosus) and Saccharomyces (S. cerevisiae): effects on performance, biochemical parameters, ammonium ion in manure, and digestibility of broiler chickens.

Two strains of Lactobacillus combined with Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) used as probiotics were evaluated to replace antibiotics in poultry flocks by reducing ammonia emissions in manure of broilers without comprising performance or health. One-day-old Cobb 500 broilers (600) were fed starter, grower, and finisher diets as control (CON); probiotic S. cerevisiae, inclusion rate at 4.

Effects of L-valine in layer diets containing 0.72% isoleucine.

In a previous study with LSL-LITE layers (-23 to 30-week-old), isoleucine at 0.72% and 0.84% produced values for FCR at 1.

Varying combinations of species: impact on laying hens' performance, nitrogenous compounds in manure, serum profile, and uric acid in the liver.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various combinations of species (. , and ) on closely associated variables of production of laying hens, nitrogenous compounds in manure, the serum concentration of specific chemicals, and liver uric acid (UA) concentrations at peak lay. White Leghorns W-36 (32-week-old) were randomly assigned to five treatments for 8 weeks.

Research Note: Evaluation of the incidence of white striping and underlying myopathic abnormalities affected by fast weight gain in commercially fed broiler chickens.

Significant improvements in genetics, nutrition, and food efficiency have had a great impact on the rapid growth of broilers, notably with increases in muscle mass. However, with rapid growth, the broiler industry has been negatively impacted by the increased incidence of myopathies, including white striping. White striping affects the pectoralis major muscle of broilers, particularly the larger breasts of rapidly growing modern commercial broiler lines.

Enzymatically Digested Food Waste Altered Fecal Microbiota But Not Meat Quality and Carcass Characteristics of Growing-Finishing Pigs.

This experiment aimed to evaluate meat quality, fatty acid profile in back-fat, and fecal microbiota of growing-finishing pigs fed with liquid enzymatically digested food waste. Fifty-six crossbred pigs (approximately 32.99 kg body weight) were assigned to one of two treatments with seven replicate pens and four pigs per pen.

The effects of an alternative diet regimen with natural methionine ingredients on white striping breast myopathy in broiler chickens.

Conventional broiler diets include synthetic methionine to optimize fast muscle growth. Recently, a conventional synthetic methionine-rich diet was compared to alternative diet regimens providing natural sources of methionine. Broilers fed diets with natural methionine sources grew at a slightly slower rate.

Ammonia production in poultry houses can affect health of humans, birds, and the environment-techniques for its reduction during poultry production.

Due to greater consumption of poultry products and an increase in exports, more poultry houses will be needed. Therefore, it is important to investigate ways that poultry facilities can coexist in close proximity to residential areas without odors and environmental challenges. Ammonia (NH) is the greatest concern for environmental pollution from poultry production.

The effect of northern fowl mite (Ornithonyssus sylviarum) infestation on hen physiology, physical condition, and egg quality.

The northern fowl mite (NFM),Ornithonyssus sylviarum, is the most common ectoparasite of laying hens in North America. Infestation can cause a reduction in egg production, egg weights, and feed conversion efficiency. However, there is a lack of information on the effects of NFM on hen physiology, physical condition, and egg quality.

Challenges for Use of PeroxySafe™ MSA Kit for Analysis of Poultry Meat.

The rapid SafTest PeroxySafe(™) MSA Kit (PeroxySafe method) was approved by the AOAC to determine peroxide values (PVs) in foods. Studies were conducted to remedy challenges (reaction time, lack of turbidity in samples, effect of prooxidant [NaCl]) for use of the method when analyzing PVs in turkey meat. Initially, PVs could not be consistently obtained after a reaction time of 10 min (per directions) for variously processed meat.

In vivo and in vitro addition of dried olive extract in poultry.

A freeze-dried powder from organic olive (Olea europaea) juice extract, contains 8.82% polyphenols and a minimum of 2.5% hydroxytyrosol (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol), an effective free radical scavenger and the major antioxidant in the byproduct (dried olive extract, DOE).

Synthesis with structural and electronic characterization of homoleptic Fe(II)- and Fe(III)-fluorinated phenolate complexes.

Four Fe(III) compounds and one Fe(II) compound containing mononuclear, homoleptic, fluorinated phenolate anions of the form [Fe(OAr)(m)](n-) have been prepared in which Ar(F) = C(6)F(5) and Ar' = 3,5-C(6)(CF(3))(2)H(3): (Ph(4)P)(2)[Fe(OAr(F))(5)], 1, (Me(4)N)(2)[Fe(OAr(F))(5)], 2, {K(18-crown-6)}(2)[Fe(OAr(F))(5)], 3a, {K(18-crown-6)}(2)[Fe(OAr')(5)], 3b, and {K(18-crown-6)}(2)[Fe(OAr(F))(4)], 6. Two dinuclear Fe(III) compounds have also been prepared: {K(18-crown-6)}(2)[(OAr(F))(3)Fe(μ(2)-O)Fe(OAr(F))(3)], 4, and {K(18-crown-6)}(2)[(OAr(F))(3)Fe(μ(2)-OAr(F))(2)Fe(OAr(F))(3)], 5. These compounds have been characterized with UV-vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, Evans method susceptibility, and X-ray crystallography.

Assessment of selected antioxidants in tomato pomace subsequent to treatment with the edible oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, under solid-state fermentation.

Tomato pomace, delignified by the edible oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, could be used as a poultry feed ingredient to provide alpha-tocopherol for retardation of lipid oxidation in postmortem meat if the antioxidant were retained in pomace after fungal fermentation. Experiments were conducted to investigate changes in the content of alpha-tocopherol, lycopene, and beta-carotene in tomato pomace after sterilization and treatment with P. ostreatus from 0 to 104 days.

An assay to estimate tannins added to postmortem Turkey meat.

A method for quantification of tannins in wine was adapted to determine tannins added to turkey meat. Standard curves containing varying amounts of GSE [0, 0.5, 1.

Pre- and post-mortem use of grape seed extract in dark poultry meat to inhibit development of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.

Diets containing grape seed extract (GSE)-control, GSE [low GSE, low GSE + methionine, high GSE, and high GSE + methionine], or alpha-tocopherol-were fed to broiler chicks to estimate the antioxidative activity of GSE in processed meat. GSE was detrimental to the growth of chicks, and methionine did not reverse the detrimental effect. GSE with 85.