Expect the unexpected: fulminant myocardial cytotoxic Injury from Trabectedin.

Background: Trabectedin (Tbt) is an alkylating agent prescribed for soft tissue sarcomas after treatment failure of first line agents. While cardiomyopathy can occur with Tbt treatment after anthracycline exposure, Tbt-induced fulminant myocardial cytotoxic injury in the setting of other systemic cytotoxicity associated with Tbt has not been reported.

Case Presentation: 51-year-old female with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metastatic leiomyosarcoma with progression of disease despite several lines of chemotherapy including doxorubicin-based therapy was started on Trabectedin (Tbt) 5 days prior to presentation with symptoms of fever, myalgias, arthralgias, and palpitations.

Primary differentiated respiratory epithelial cells respond to apical measles virus infection by shedding multinucleated giant cells.

Measles virus (MeV) is highly infectious by the respiratory route and remains an important cause of childhood mortality. However, the process by which MeV infection is efficiently established in the respiratory tract is controversial with suggestions that respiratory epithelial cells are not susceptible to infection from the apical mucosal surface. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that infection is initiated in lung macrophages or dendritic cells and that epithelial infection is subsequently established through the basolateral surface by infected lymphocytes.

Elevated Activation of Neutrophil Toll-Like Receptors in Patients with Acute Severe Leptospirosis: An Observational Study.

Leptospirosis is the leading cause of zoonotic morbidity and mortality globally, yet little is known about the immune mechanisms that may contribute to pathogenesis and severe disease. Although neutrophils are a key component of early immune responses to infection, they have been associated with tissue damage and inflammation in some febrile infections. To assess whether neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis observed in severe leptospirosis, we quantitated levels of neutrophil activation markers in patients with varying disease severities.

Mitohormesis in Mice via Sustained Basal Activation of Mitochondrial and Antioxidant Signaling.

Transient mitochondrial stress can promote beneficial physiological responses and longevity, termed "mitohormesis." To interrogate mitohormetic pathways in mammals, we generated mice in which mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) can be knocked down in an inducible and reversible manner (iSOD2-KD mice). Depleting SOD2 only during embryonic development did not cause post-natal lethality, allowing us to probe adaptive responses to mitochondrial oxidant stress in adult mice.

Contrast Enhancement of Aneurysm Sac Post-Pipeline Treatment Interpreted as Recanalization.

Multiple imaging modalities are available to evaluate aneurysms post-flow diverter (FD) placement. Though digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard imaging modality post-FD placement, it is not perfect, and neither are other techniques, including contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We present a case of a 73-year-old woman with a right internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysm treated with a pipeline embolization device (PED).