Nosocomial transmission of Aspergillus flavus in a neonatal intensive care unit: Long-term persistence in environment and interest of MALDI-ToF mass-spectrometry coupled with convolutional neural network for rapid clone recognition.

Aspergillosis of the newborn remains a rare but severe disease. We report four cases of primary cutaneous Aspergillus flavus infections in premature newborns linked to incubators contamination by putative clonal strains. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight (MALDI-TOF) coupled to convolutional neural network (CNN) for clone recognition in a context where only a very small number of strains are available for machine learning.

Obesity and Preoperative Anaemia as Independent Risk Factors for Sternal Wound Infection After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery with Pedicled (Non-Skeletonized) Internal Mammary Arteries: The Role of Thoracic Wall Ischemia?

Purpose: Obesity remains statistically associated with coronary artery disease, for which coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) remains the standard of care. However, obesity is also associated with sternal wound infection (SWI) which is a severe complication of CABG despite advances in surgery and in infection prevention and control. Strategies to reduce the incidence of SWI are still being investigated, and we therefore conducted a retrospective study to revisit factors other than obesity associated with SWI after CABG.

Staphylococcus capitis isolated from bloodstream infections: a nationwide 3-month survey in 38 neonatal intensive care units.

To increase the knowledge about S. capitis in the neonatal setting, we conducted a nationwide 3-month survey in 38 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) covering 56.6% of French NICU beds.

Negative Pressure versus Conventional Sternal Wound Dressing in Coronary Surgery Using Bilateral Internal Mammary Artery Grafts.

Background: Sternal wound infection (SWI) is a major complication occurring often after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) grafts. The aim of this study is to assess whether such a risk may be reduced by using incision negative pressure wound therapy (INPWT).

Methods: Data on patients undergoing isolated CABG using BIMA grafts at the Reims University Hospital, France, from 2013 to 2016 without or with INPWT was prospectively collected.

Copper for the Prevention of Outbreaks of Health Care-Associated Infections in a Long-term Care Facility for Older Adults.

Objective: We aimed to study the efficacy of copper as an antimicrobial agent by comparing incidence rates during outbreaks in areas equipped vs not equipped with copper surfaces in a long-term facility for dependent older adults (nursing home).

Design: Prospective observational pilot study in a nursing home.

Setting And Participant: All persons resident in the nursing home belonging to Reims University Hospital, from February 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016, were included.

What is epidemiology? Changing definitions of epidemiology 1978-2017.

Context: Epidemiology is a discipline which has evolved with the changes taking place in society and the emergence of new diseases and new discipline related to epidemiology. With these evolutions, it is important to understand epidemiology and to analyse the evolution of content of definitions of epidemiology.

Objectives: The main objective of this paper was to identify new definitions of epidemiology available since 1978.

Fungal contamination of wind instruments: Immunological and clinical consequences for musicians.

Introduction: Playing a wind instrument is an increasingly reported cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. However, current knowledge about contamination of wind instruments by fungi and specific fungal sensitization is scarce. Therefore, we aimed: (i) to assess the current prevalence and type of fungal contamination of wind instruments, (ii) to identify potential risk factors associated with instrument contamination, and (iii) to evaluate the prevalence of sensitization to these fungi among musicians.

Obesity As a Risk Factor for Anthracyclines and Trastuzumab Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Patients with metabolic syndrome have a greater risk of cardiovascular disease, although their susceptibility to chemotherapy-induced cardiac disease is not well documented. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess associations between obesity or being overweight and cardiotoxicity from anthracyclines and sequential anthracyclines and trastuzumab in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: We performed a random-effects analysis and a network meta-analysis and assessed publication bias.

Impact of new water systems on healthcare-associated colonization or infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Aim: We aimed to study the impact of new water systems, which were less contaminated with P. aeruginosa, on the incidence of healthcare-associated P. aeruginosa cases (colonizations or infections) in care units that moved to a different building between 2005 and 2014.

Detection of Temporal Clusters of Healthcare-Associated Infections or Colonizations with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Two Hospitals: Comparison of SaTScan and WHONET Software Packages.

The identification of temporal clusters of healthcare-associated colonizations or infections is a challenge in infection control. WHONET software is available to achieve these objectives using laboratory databases of hospitals but it has never been compared with SaTScan regarding its detection performance. This study provided the opportunity to evaluate the performance of WHONET software in comparison with SaTScan software as a reference to detect clusters of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Impact of barrier precautions and antibiotic consumption on the incidence rate of acquired cases of infection or colonization with Acinetobacter baumannii: a 10-year multi-department study.

Following a previous investigation, this ecological study assessed the impact of barrier precautions and various factors on the annual incidence rate of acquired Acinetobacter baumannii cases in each of the 32 departments of the University Hospital of Besançon from 2000 to 2009. Ultimately, our study confirms the effectiveness of barrier precautions in addition to standard precautions for controlling A baumannii within our hospital departments. In comparison with the previous research, it emphasizes the significant role of fluoroquinolones in the emergence and the spread of this microorganism.

[Choosing a location to practice a medical specialty: survey among 3 generations of young graduates of the University of Franche-Comté].

Problems with the medical demographics related to the distribution of doctors in France, of which the Franche-Comté particularly suffers namely with regard to specialists, led the Regional Directorate for Health and Social Affairs and the Franche-Comtd University of Medicine and Pharmacy to ask the Regional Health Observatory to carry out a study. The study's objective was to quantify the number of specialists trained in Franche-Comté who are leaving the region to practice elsewhere and analyse the reasons for it. The results show that there has not been a massive drain of young practitioners, given that 59% of specialists trained in the region are still working there 2 years having finished their education and training programme.