Look inside the management of colonic diverticular rebleeding: a systematic review.

Background: Colonic diverticular bleeding is the most common cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in adults and carries a significant risk of recurrence. However, there are many uncertainties regarding the management of the prevention of diverticular rebleeding.

Objectives: To review the current evidence on the potential role of lifestyle, pharmacological and endoscopic treatments and to discuss the unmet needs in the prevention of colonic diverticular rebleeding.

Endoscopic grading of gastric intestinal metaplasia using blue light imaging in a low-risk population: Multicenter cross-sectional validation study.

Background Study Aims: Detecting gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) with white light endoscopy (WLE) remains a challenge and virtual chromoendoscopy methods have been shown to increase accuracy. We aimed to externally validate the Endoscopic Grading of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia (EGGIM) using blue light imaging (BLI).

Methods: First, the reliability of BLI and the EGGIM score was evaluated through assessment of 90 images divided into three sets of 30.

Real-Time Gastric Juice Analysis to Rule Out the Presence of Autoimmune Gastritis: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is an infrequent disease predisposing to both neuroendocrine tumours and cancer. This study aimed to evaluate whether pH measurement of gastric juice allows accurate exclusion of the presence of AIG in real time so that gastric mucosa sampling on normal-appearing mucosa may be avoided.

Methods: This study enrolled patients diagnosed with AIG and matched controls (ratio 1:5) who underwent upper endoscopy with standard gastric mucosa sampling and real-time, gastric juice pH assessment.

Bile acid diarrhea in patients with chronic diarrhea. Current appraisal and recommendations for clinical practice.

Bile Acid Diarrhea (BAD) is a common cause of chronic diarrhea, often accompanied by urgency, occasional fecal incontinence, abdominal pain, and fatigue. A nationwide survey has shown limited awareness of BAD within the Italian medical community, prompting a panel of experts to develop a Position Paper that outlines the most practical and cost-saving diagnostic investigations and treatments for this frequently overlooked condition. The document provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and classification of the different types of Bile Acid Diarrhea (BAD).

Therapeutic regimens against infection without proton pump inhibitors in patients with corpus atrophic gastritis: a real-life single-centre longitudinal observational study.

Background: Efficacy of eradication regimens in (Hp) infection is commonly reported with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). In patients with corpus atrophic gastritis, characterized by impaired acid secretion, PPI treatment is questionable.

Objectives: The current study aimed to assess in clinical practice the tolerability and eradication rate of modified eradication regimens without PPI as first-line treatment in patients with histologically Hp-positive corpus atrophic gastritis.

Radiomics in advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: Identifying responders to somatostatin analogs.

To evaluate a radiomic strategy for predicting progression in advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (GEP-NET) patients treated with somatostatin analogs (SSAs). Fifty-eight patients with GEP-NETs and liver metastases, with baseline computerized tomography (CT) scans from June 2013 to November 2020, were studied retrospectively. Data collected included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), tumor grading, death, and Ki67 index.

The Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Constipation in Italy: Results from a Survey Conducted among Italian Gastroenterologists.

Chronic constipation (CC) is one of the most common disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). The management of CC requires specific skills due to its complex and multifactorial pathophysiology and its multistep treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the availability and the use of diagnostic tools for CC in Italy and the therapeutic management of CC by Italian gastroenterologists (GEs).

Antral mucosa healing at long-term follow-up in patients with corpus atrophic gastritis and concomitant antral gastritis may mimic autoimmune gastritis.

Background And Aim: Corpus atrophic gastritis (CAG) is defined as autoimmune when the antrum is spared, representing this element a crucial diagnostic criterium of autoimmune gastritis. In contrast, CAG with concomitant antral gastritis (AG), atrophic or non-atrophic, is generally attributed to H. pylori infection.

The Gastroscopy RAte of Cleanliness Evaluation (GRACE) Scale: an international reliability and validation study.

Background:  Mucosal visualization during upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy can be impaired by the presence of foam, bubbles, and mucus. Some UGI endoscopy visibility scales have been proposed but have not undergone multicenter validation. This study aimed to develop and validate the Gastroscopy RAte of Cleanliness Evaluation (GRACE) scale.

Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease: a critical appraisal.

Introduction: Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) is a clinical condition included in the spectrum of symptomatic diverticular disease. The symptom profile associated with SUDD is highly heterogeneous, as there are currently discordant definitions, that encompass many clinical scenarios.

Areas Covered: We conducted a narrative review to assess the symptom profile and diagnostic criteria of SUDD based on the available evidence.

Sarcopenia in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are slow-growing tumors. Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. First-line NEN therapy is somatostatin analogs, which could be responsible for malabsorption conditions, such as pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (EPI) with underlying sarcopenia.

Helicobacter Pylori infection in children with inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective multicenter study.

Background: The relationship between Helicobacter-pylori(Hp)infection and inflammatory-bowel-disease(IBD) in pediatric-patients remains controversial. We aimed to assess the Hp-infection occurrence in newly-diagnosed pediatric-patients with IBD compared to no-IBD patients. Additionally, we aimed to examine differences in clinical-activity-index(CAI) and endoscopic-severity-score(ESS)between IBD-patients with and without Hp-infection, at baseline and at 1-year-follow-up(FU), after eradication-therapy(ET).

Unmet needs in treatment of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease and prevention of recurrent acute diverticulitis: a scoping review.

Background: Diverticular disease (DD) represents a common gastrointestinal condition that poses a heavy burden on healthcare systems worldwide. A high degree of uncertainty surrounds the therapeutic approaches for the control of symptoms in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) and primary and secondary prevention of diverticulitis and its consequences.

Objectives: To review the current knowledge and discuss the unmet needs regarding the management of SUDD and the prevention of acute diverticulitis.

Clinical Outcome of Patients with Gastric, Duodenal, or Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors after Incomplete Endoscopic Resection.

Our aim was to investigate the clinical outcome of patients with well-differentiated gastric, duodenal, and rectal neuroendocrine tumors after treatment with incomplete endoscopic resection due to the finding of microscopic positive resection margins (R1). This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with type 1 gastric, non-ampullary non-functioning duodenal, or rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms with positive R1 margins after endoscopic resection. The rate of tumor recurrence and progression-free survival were considered to be the study's main endpoints.

Site and duration of abdominal pain discriminate symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease from previous diverticulitis patients.

Abdominal pain in patients with diverticular disease (DD) can be challenging in clinical practice. Patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) and patients with a previous acute diverticulitis (PD) may share a similar clinical pattern, difficult to differentiate from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We used standardized questionnaires for DD (short and long lasting abdominal pain) and IBS (following Rome III Criteria) to assess clinical features of abdominal pain, in terms of presence, severity and length, in SUDD and PD patients.

Women in Gastroenterology: What Is the Current Situation? Results of an Italian National Survey.

Background: Many women grow up dreaming of becoming doctors, preferring specialties that allow more focus on time outside the hospital and on family life. Nowadays, specialties, like gastroenterology, have still a significant gender gap.

Methods: Based on this known discrepancy, a web-based questionnaire was designed by the Young Component of the Scientific Committee of the Federation of Italian Scientific Societies of Digestive Diseases 2023 (FISMAD) to examine the current situation of female gastroenterologists in Italy.

Italian guidelines for the management of adult individuals with overweight and obesity and metabolic comorbidities that are resistant to behavioral treatment.

Aim: This guideline (GL) is aimed at providing a clinical practice reference for the management of adult patients with overweight or obesity associated with metabolic complications who are resistant to lifestyle modification.

Methods: Surgeons, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, psychologists, pharmacologists, a general practitioner, a nutritionist, a nurse and a patients' representative acted as multi-disciplinary panel. This GL has been developed following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.