Publications by authors named "Annette Wagner"

Background: It often takes a long time before a rare disease is diagnosed. Without a diagnosis, the right therapy often cannot be carried out and without the right therapy, the patients are denied the opportunity for a cure or relief from their symptoms. In addition, rare diseases can also have economic consequences for those affected.

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Background: Seafood allergy (SA), including allergy to shellfish (crustacean and mollusks) and fish, is among the 4 most common food allergies causing anaphylaxis, but there are limited data showing SA clinical management in different countries.

Objective: We sought to characterize a large cohort of patients with fish and shellfish allergy and to facilitate standardization of future care for this increasingly common allergic disease.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational, noninterventional study from 945 patients from 2015 to 2019 in 7 hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom to evaluate SA.

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Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a commonly used class of drugs with a good safety profile. However, their use is associated with rare cases of severe skin reaction. Herein, we present details of a patient who developed two episodes of omeprazole-induced delayed-onset hypersensitivity (atypical drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms [DRESS]).

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Background: Immediate IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to polyethylene glycol (PEG) are rare. Our understanding of PEG hypersensitivity is limited.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and investigation outcomes of the largest cohort of patients with PEG allergy reported.

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Introduction: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic granulomatous vasculitis affecting the large arteries. Abnormal lymphocyte function has been noted as a pathogenic factor in GCA. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase and is therefore a highly lymphocyte-specific immunosuppressive therapy.

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Background: Vitamin B (Vit B) deficiency affects approximately 20% of those above the age of 60 years in the United Kingdom and United States. If untreated, it leads to detrimental health outcomes.

Objective: To investigate a cohort of patients with Vit B hypersensitivity (VB12H) referred to 3 UK allergy centers and design a pathway for the investigation of VB12H.

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Background: Approximately 300 million people worldwide suffer from a rare disease. An optimal treatment requires a successful diagnosis. This takes a particularly long time, especially for rare diseases.

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Article Synopsis
  • Autoinflammation refers to a group of diseases, both genetic (monogenic) and influenced by multiple genes (polygenic), that involve overactivity of the innate immune system without the involvement of T cells or autoantibodies.
  • These conditions typically cause recurring fever and increased inflammation, with notable examples being familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and the recently identified VEXAS syndrome for monogenic cases, while heterogeneous diseases include adult-onset Still’s disease and Schnitzler syndrome.
  • Treatment focuses on controlling these excessive inflammatory responses to prevent serious complications like amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, which can cause long-term damage to the body.
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Article Synopsis
  • People with rare diseases often take a long time to get the right diagnosis, sometimes years!
  • In a study of 78 patients, it was found that most needed to see many different doctors before finding an expert who could help diagnose their condition correctly!
  • The expert center was really good at figuring out the right diagnosis quickly, which is important because getting treated sooner can help patients feel better faster!
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The concept of autoinflammation includes a heterogeneous group of monogenic and polygenic diseases. These are characterized by excessive activation of the innate immune system without antigen-specific T cells or autoantibodies. The diseases are characterized by periodic episodes of fever and increased inflammation parameters.

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The development of vaccines against SARS-CoV2 brought about several challenges, including the management of hypersensitivity reactions to these formulations. The search for underlying mechanisms involved in these adverse events initially focused on excipients which may trigger mast cell activation responses via non-IgE pathways: polyethylene glycol and trometamol. We sought to determine whether these components, in their pure form, were capable of stimulating mast cells directly.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focused on infants diagnosed with subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) at a children's hospital over a 10-year period, analyzing clinical and lab outcomes.
  • Among the 32 infants, hypercalcemia was found in all cases, with some developing serious complications, including kidney issues, primarily within the first month of life.
  • The findings suggest initial and ongoing monitoring of ionized calcium levels in SCFN cases, with specific care recommendations for infants exhibiting severe or prolonged hypercalcemia.
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Getting access to specialists for autoinflammatory diseases (AID) can be challenging. Therefore, an increasing number of patients and healthcare professionals are seeking information on AID via the Internet, using the video platform YouTube, for example. However, the quality of such videos has not yet been evaluated.

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Background: The beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid in combination with amoxicillin are known to cause both immediate- and nonimmediate-type hypersensitivity.

Objective: To characterize a large cohort of patients with a history of amoxicillin or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid hypersensitivity.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the demographics, presentation, investigation, and management of 331 patients presenting to 1 allergy center with a history of hypersensitivity to amoxicillin or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.

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In this work, two vintages (2019 and 2020) of red-fleshed 'Weirouge' apples were processed with the innovative spiral filter press technology to investigate juice production in an oxygen-reduced atmosphere. After pressing, a more brilliant red color and appreciably higher amounts of oxidation-sensitive constituents (ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, and colorless (poly)phenols) were seen in spiral filter pressed juices compared to those produced with conventional systems (horizontal filter press and decanter). In a subsequent stability study (24 weeks storage at 4, 20, and 37 °C), the color and phenolic compounds were monitored and differences in the juices produced with the different pressing-systems were widely maintained during the storage period.

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Background/objectives: The principal environmental risk factor for conventional nevi and melanomas is ultraviolet exposure. However, little is known about genetic or environmental risk factors for developing Spitz tumors. This study investigates risk factors associated with Spitz neoplasms.

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate toxicity, oncological and functional outcome, and quality of life after salvage radiotherapy for recurrent prostate cancer after high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy.

Methods: A total of 13 patients undergoing salvage radiotherapy for biopsy-proven prostate cancer recurrence after HIFU therapy were included and followed up every 3 months. Oncological outcome (by PSA measurements), toxicity (according to CTCAE criteria), and functional outcome were evaluated.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Periodic fever syndromes (PFS) are rare autoinflammatory diseases that cause ongoing issues with the immune system and recurrent inflammation.
  • - Diagnosing PFS involves reviewing medical history, performing physical exams, and conducting lab tests, with gene tests gaining importance, particularly through advanced sequencing methods like next generation sequencing (NGS).
  • - The article highlights the potential role of diagnostic decision support systems (DDSS) in identifying rare diseases such as PFS that exhibit complex symptoms.
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Article Synopsis
  • In the past two decades, research has established the distinct category of autoinflammatory diseases, emphasizing excessive innate immune response without autoantibody formation, differentiating them from autoimmune diseases.
  • These conditions primarily present with recurrent fever episodes and inflammation, alternating with periods of wellness, with hereditary forms referred to as hereditary recurrent fever (HRF).
  • Notable examples of HRF include familial Mediterranean fever and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, while polygenic or non-hereditary forms include adult-onset Still's disease and PFAPA syndrome; all can lead to complications such as amyloid A amyloidosis.*
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Background: The U.K. 100,000 Genomes Project is in the process of investigating the role of genome sequencing in patients with undiagnosed rare diseases after usual care and the alignment of this research with health care implementation in the U.

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Introduction: Checkpoint-Inhibition (CPI) with PD-1- and PD-L1-inhibitors is a well-established therapy for advanced stage melanoma patients. CPI mainly acts T-lymphocytes. However, recent literature suggests also a role for B cells modulating its efficacy and tolerability of CPI.

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Restrictive dermopathy (RD) is a rare and lethal laminopathy caused by mutations in LMNA or ZMPSTE24. This series reports 3 patients with RD and reviews the literature of the 113 previously reported cases, including highlights of the unique constellation of clinical findings in RD, as well as histologic, radiographic, and genetic features. Early recognition of these characteristic features is vital to establish a prompt diagnosis and provide adequate family counseling for this terminal condition.

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Background: Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare disease characterized by the triad of recurrent orofacial swelling with facial paralysis and fissured dorsal tongue. Histologically, noncaseating granulomatous inflammation occurs that confirms the diagnosis. Overlaps between granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease are described.

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