Evaluation of Auto-Contouring and Dose Distributions for Online Adaptive Radiation Therapy of Patients With Locally Advanced Lung Cancers.

Purpose: Retrospective studies were performed to evaluate the accuracy of automatically mapped structures and dosimetric consequences of daily online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) for lung cancer treatments.

Methods And Materials: Ten patients with locally advanced lung cancer (prescription = 2 Gy × 30) with 297 fractions of treatment were selected for this retrospective study on a research emulator (Ethos, Varian Medical Systems). All adaptive treatments were simulated twice: automatic-ART (A-ART), automatic contours were used without modification, and supervised-ART (S-ART), automatic contours were modified manually by physicians and physicists.

Racial Differences in Treatments and Toxicity in Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Thoracic Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: Historical racial disparities in lung cancer surgery rates resulted in lower survival in Black patients. Our objective was to examine racial differences in thoracic radiation treatments and toxicities in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Methods And Materials: A large institutional review board-approved statewide patient-level database of patients with stage II-III non-small-cell lung cancer who received definitive thoracic radiation from March 2012 to November 2019 was analyzed to assess associations between race and other variables.

Disease Control After Hypofractionation Versus Conventional Fractionation for Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Comparative Effectiveness in a Large Observational Cohort.

Purpose: Questions remain about whether moderately hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation is appropriate for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.

Methods And Materials: Using the prospective database of a multicenter, collaborative quality improvement consortium, we identified patients with node-negative, triple-negative breast cancer who received whole-breast irradiation with either moderate hypofractionation or conventional fractionation. Using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), we compared outcomes using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimation method with Cox regression models estimating the hazard ratio for time-to-event endpoints between groups.

Influence of rotations on dose distributions in spinal stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of rotational setup errors on dose distribution in spinal stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Methods And Materials: Thirty-nine cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from 16 SBRT treatment courses were analyzed. Alignment (including rotation) to the treatment planning computed tomography was performed, followed by translational alignment that reproduced the actual positioning.

Intraoperative radiotherapy of soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity.

Purpose: Evaluation of treatment outcome after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) +/- external-beam irradiation (EBRT) in patients with localized soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity at high risk for local recurrence after limb-sparing surgery.

Patients And Methods: 28 patients treated between 1989 and 1999 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients presented with locally recurrent (n = 17), T2 (n = 20), high-grade (n = 26), or incompletely resected tumors (n = 11).