Biomechanical investigation of long spinal fusion models using three-dimensional finite element analysis.

Background: This study represents the first finite element (FE) analysis of long-instrumented spinal fusion from the thoracic vertebrae to the pelvis in the context of adult spinal deformity (ASD) with osteoporosis. We aimed to evaluate the von Mises stress in long spinal instrumentation for models that differ in terms of spinal balance, fusion length, and implant type.

Methods: In this three-dimensional FE analysis, FE models were developed based on computed tomography images from a patient with osteoporosis.

A Modified Spinal Reconstruction Method Reduces Instrumentation Failure in Total En Bloc Spondylectomy for Spinal Tumors.

Introduction: Long-term spinal stability after total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is challenging. The aim of this study was to examine whether the new method could reduce the incidence of instrumentation failure (IF).

Methods: We retrospectively compared 116 patients with spinal tumors who underwent TES between 2010 and 2019 and were followed up for >1 year.

The L-type Amino Acid Transporter (LAT1) Expression in Patients with Scoliosis.

Introduction: Amino acid transporters are transmembrane proteins that are known to mediate the transfer of amino acids. As one of the amino acid transporters, LAT1, which is encoded by Slc7a5, mediates the cellular uptake of the essential amino acids. Recently, most studies have focused on examining the relationship between LAT1 and skeletal formation in terms of development.

The influence of costal resection on pulmonary function after total en bloc spondylectomy for spine tumor.

Background: Total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is one of the surgical procedures which has been recognized as a complete resection for spine tumors. Although the surgery achieves favorable local control for solitary spinal lesion, performing the procedure in the thoracic spine requires circumferential dissection around the vertebral body and bilateral rib resections which might result in decline of pulmonary function postoperatively. This study aimed to clarify whether the number of rib resections negatively impacts pulmonary function after the procedure.

Associations between Abdominal Trunk Muscle Weakness and Future Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Women: A Three-Year Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Potential risk factors associated with future osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) were prospectively investigated in middle-aged and older adult women. We enrolled 197 female patients aged ≥50 years who were scheduled to undergo surgery for lower-extremity degenerative diseases. Patient anthropometric and muscle strength measurements, a bone mineral density measurement of the lumbar spine (L-BMD), and full-spine standing radiographs to examine the presence of old OVFs and spinopelvic sagittal parameters were obtained preoperatively.

Tumor-Specific Immunoenhancing Effects after Local Cryoablation for Metastatic Bone Tumor in a Mouse Model.

We investigated the abscopal effect after cryoablation (CA) on bone metastasis using a mouse model. Breast cancer cells were implanted in the bilateral tibiae of mice. The left tumor was treated locally with CA, and the right abscopal tumor (AT) was left untreated.

Anatomical Characteristics and Variations of Thoracic Segmental Arteries With 3-Dimensional CT Analysis.

Study Design: Observational study using retrospective contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anatomical characteristics and variations of the thoracic segmental arteries.

Summary Of Background Data: Few cadaver studies of segmental arteries to the thoracic spine have been reported; however, no previous studies have reported the use of contrast-enhanced CT in the upper to middle thoracic spine.

Medium to Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Spinal Metastasectomy.

The prolonged survival of metastatic cancer patients highlights the importance of the local control of spinal metastases, which reduce patient performance status. This retrospective study examined the medium to long-term outcomes of spinal metastasectomy by evaluating 124 patients who underwent metastasectomy for isolated spinal metastases (2006-2018) with a postoperative follow-up for a minimum of 3 years. The findings present information on patient demographics (i.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for the Development of Venous Thromboembolism After Spinal Tumor Surgery.

Objective: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), is a deleterious complication that can be fatal. However, the prevalence and underlying risk factors for VTE after spinal tumor surgery remain poorly defined.

Methods: Ninety-six patients undergoing spinal tumor surgery with postoperative screening for DVT and PTE were reviewed.

Perioperative complications of total en bloc spondylectomy for spinal tumours.

Aims: To evaluate the perioperative complications associated with total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) in patients with spinal tumours, based on the extent and level of tumour resection.

Methods: In total, 307 patients who underwent TES in a single centre were reviewed retrospectively. There were 164 male and 143 female patients with a mean age at the time of surgery of 52.

Abscopal Effect of Frozen Autograft Reconstruction Combined with an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Analyzed Using a Metastatic Bone Tumor Model.

We evaluated the abscopal effect of re-implantation of liquid nitrogen-treated tumor-bearing bone grafts and the synergistic effect of anti-PD-1 (programmed death-1) therapy using a bone metastasis model, created by injecting MMT-060562 cells into the bilateral tibiae of 6-8-week-old female C3H mice. After 2 weeks, the lateral tumors were treated by excision, cryotreatment using liquid nitrogen, excision with anti-PD-1 treatment, and cryotreatment with anti-PD-1 treatment. Anti-mouse PD-1 4H2 was injected on days 1, 6, 12, and 18 post-treatment.

Efficacy of abdominal trunk muscles-strengthening exercise using an innovative device in treating chronic low back pain: a controlled clinical trial.

Exercise is the most common conservative intervention for chronic low back pain (CLBP). We have developed an innovative exercise device for the abdominal trunk muscles that also measures muscle strength in a sitting position. The device, which is easy for patients with CLBP to use, allows for lumbar stabilization exercise under pressure.

Revision surgery for instrumentation failure after total en bloc spondylectomy: a retrospective case series.

Background: There have been several reports of instrumentation failure after three-column resections such as total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) for spinal tumors; however, clinical outcomes of revision surgery for instrumentation failure after TES are seldom reported. Therefore, this study assessed the clinical outcomes of revision surgery for instrumentation failure after TES.

Methods: This study employed a retrospective case series in a single center and included 61 patients with spinal tumors who underwent TES between 2010 and 2015 and were followed up for > 2 years.

Radiation Disrupts the Protective Function of the Spinal Meninges in a Mouse Model of Tumor-induced Spinal Cord Compression.

Background: Recent advances in multidisciplinary treatments for various cancers have extended the survival period of patients with spinal metastases. Radiotherapy has been widely used to treat spinal metastases; nevertheless, long-term survivors sometimes undergo more surgical intervention after radiotherapy because of local tumor relapse. Generally, intradural invasion of a spinal tumor seldom occurs because the dura mater serves as a tissue barrier against tumor infiltration.

Long-Term Outcomes of Excision Surgery for Aggressive Vertebral Hemangiomas.

Objective: We describe the clinical outcomes in patients with aggressive vertebral hemangiomas (AVHs) after total tumor excision and discuss the treatment options for AVHs.

Methods: A retrospective data review of 15 patients (6 men, 9 women) with AVHs who underwent total excision between 1996 and 2018 was performed.

Results: In total, 13 thoracic and 2 lumbar lesions were involved with 8 type A-D tumors and 7 type B-D tumors based on the Weinstein-Boriani-Biagini classification.

The efficacy of surgical treatment on locomotive syndrome and physical function in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis.

Background: Locomotive syndrome is a condition of reduced mobility due to problems with locomotive organs. Although lumbar spinal canal stenosis is one of the major diseases constituting locomotive syndrome, only few studies have focused on the association between the two pathologies. We aimed to investigate the effect of surgery on lumbar spinal canal stenosis with respect to locomotive syndrome using various physical function tests, including locomotive syndrome risk tests, before and after surgery.

Perioperative Complications and Prognosis of Curative Surgical Resection for Spinal Metastases in Elderly Patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate perioperative complications and prognosis associated with curative surgical resection, such as total en bloc spondylectomy, for spinal metastases in elderly patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 103 consecutive patients who underwent curative surgery between 2010 and 2017 and divided them into group 1 (n = 27, age <50 years), group 2 (n = 47, age ≥50 and <65 years), and group 3 (n = 29, age ≥65 years). Perioperative complication rate and overall survival (OS) after surgery was evaluated.

More Than 10-year Follow-up After Laminoplasty and Pedicle Screw Fixation for Cervical Myelopathy Associated With Athetoid Cerebral Palsy.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes >10 years following laminoplasty and pedicle screw fixation for cervical myelopathy associated with athetoid cerebral palsy (CP).

Summary Of Background Data: Surgery for cervical myelopathy associated with CP remains a challenge because of perioperative instrumentation failure and adjacent segment problems due to patients' repetitive involuntary neck movements with deformity of the cervical spine.