Long-term follow-up on patient-reported outcomes after supervised exercise training in individuals at risk of complications to type 2 diabetes.

Aims: We investigated long-term changes of patient-reported outcomes after a supervised exercise intervention in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: In an intervention study without a control group, follow-up assessments were performed 12 months after initiating 12 weeks of physical exercise in individuals with T2D at intermediate or high risk of complications. Primary outcomes were health-related quality of life assessed with EQ-5D-5L, empowerment with Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form, and self-reported physical activity with the Physical Activity Scale.

Copenhagen Diabetes Consensus (CODIAC) 2021: User involvement in diabetes care, prevention and research.

Aims: User involvement is pivotal for health development, but there are significant gaps in our understanding of the concept. The Copenhagen Diabetes Consensus on User Involvement in Diabetes Care, Prevention and Research (CODIAC) was established to address these gaps, share knowledge and develop best practices.

Methods: A literature review of user involvement was undertaken in diabetes care, prevention and research.

Feasibility of time-restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review.

Objective: This systematic scoping review aimed to map and synthesize research on feasibility of time-restricted eating (TRE) in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes, including recruitment rate, retention rate, safety, adherence, and participants' attitudes, experiences, and perspectives.

Methods: The authors searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature from inception to November 22, 2022, supplemented by backward and forward citation search.

Results: From 4219 identified records, 28 studies were included.

Designing a Co-created Intervention to Promote Motivation and Maintenance of Time-Restricted Eating in Individuals With Overweight and Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To design an appealing time-restricted eating (TRE) intervention by exploring behavioral and social mechanisms to improve TRE adoption and maintenance among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and overweight. Time-restricted eating is an intermittent fasting regimen suggested to improve glycemic control and body weight.

Methods: Intervention development combined coherence theory and empirical data (workshops and semistructured interviews with the target group, their relatives, and health care professionals [HCPs]).

Transforming Motivation for Exercise in a Safe and Kind Environment-A Qualitative Study of Experiences among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.

Exercise is a cornerstone in diabetes care; however, adherence is low and sustaining physical activity remains a challenge. Patient-centered diabetes self-management education and support are recommended; however, sparse literature exists on how to design exercise interventions that improve self-management in individuals with complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to gain insights into needs, barriers, and motivation based on experiences with exercise participation among individuals with T2D and complications to adjust and develop new types of tailored, supervised exercise classes in specialized care at three hospitals in Denmark.

The process of health behaviour change following participation in a randomised controlled trial targeting prediabetes: A qualitative study.

Aim: To explore how participating in a randomised controlled trial affected motivation, barriers and strategies in the process of health behaviour change among individuals with prediabetes.

Methods: An extension to the PRE-D trial, a qualitative study investigated the efficacy of glucose-lowering interventions (metformin, dapagliflozin or exercise) compared with a control group among individuals with prediabetes and overweight/obesity. Data were collected through separate focus group interviews with participants using semi-structured interview guides inspired by health behaviour change theories.

Caught between good intentions and rigid structures: A qualitative description of professionals' experiences with health promotion in mental health services.

Background And Aim: Compared with the general population, people with mental illness are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes due to poor diet, medication and inactive lifestyle. People with mental illness and members of the general population are equally interested in health behaviour change, but those with mental illness experience communication barriers with professionals. The study aimed to explore philosophies that social care and healthcare professionals apply to health promotion activities targeting people with mental illness and challenges they face in applying these philosophies across multiple settings.

Supporting Positive Parenting and Promoting Healthy Living through Family Cooking Classes.

Background: The family is an important setting in the promotion of child health. The parent-child relationship affects the social and health development of children, and children's healthy behaviors are associated with positive parenting strategies. The parent-child relationship is bi-directional and the connection between parenting and child health is complex.

Determinants of glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: testing a process model based on self-determination theory.

Aims: To investigate a hypothesised process model based on self-determination theory (SDT) in a population of people with type 2 diabetes. The model suggests that autonomy support from healthcare professionals is an important determinant of autonomous motivation and perceived competence in diabetes, which correlate positively in turn with wellbeing and negatively with HbA1c.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used baseline questionnaire data and HbA1c levels from a randomised controlled trial investigating the effects of a person-centred consultation program.

Improving empowerment, motivation, and medical adherence in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial of a patient-centered intervention.

Objective: To test whether an intervention consisting of four patient-centered consultations improves glycemic control and self-management skills in patients with poorly regulated type 2 diabetes (T2DM), compared to a control group receiving usual care.

Methods: Unblinded parallel randomized controlled trial including 97 adults diagnosed with T2DM ≥ 1 year and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels ≥ 8.0% (64 mmol/mol).

Targeting "hardly reached" people with chronic illness: a feasibility study of a person-centered self-management education approach.

Background: Self-management education is critical to the development of successful health behavior changes related to chronic illness. However, people in high-risk groups attend less frequently or benefit less from patient education programs than do people with more socioeconomic advantages.

Aim: The aim was to test the feasibility of a participatory person-centered education approach and tool-kit targeting self-management of chronic illness in hardly reached people.

Involvement of family members in life with type 2 diabetes: Six interconnected problem domains of significance for family health identity and healthcare authenticity.

Objectives: Family involvement plays a key role in diabetes management. Problems and challenges related to type 2-diabetes often affect the whole family, and relatives are at increased risk of developing diabetes themselves. We highlight these issues in our objectives: (1) to uncover specific family problems associated with mutual involvement in life with type 2-diabetes and (2) to analytically look at ways of approaching these problems in healthcare settings.

Simplicity, flexibility, and respect: preferences related to patient education in hardly reached people with type 2 diabetes.

Individuals with lower income and less education are two to four times more likely to develop diabetes than more advantaged individuals. In response to this, there is a need for developing health promotion activities targeting hardly reached populations. The aim of this study was to examine the perspectives of hardly reached people with type 2 diabetes on patient education, focusing on their wishes and needs regarding format and approach.

Empowerment, motivation, and medical adherence (EMMA): the feasibility of a program for patient-centered consultations to support medication adherence and blood glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of a research-based program for patient-centered consultations to improve medical adherence and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Patients And Methods: The patient-centered empowerment, motivation, and medical adherence (EMMA) consultation program consisted of three individual consultations and one phone call with a single health care professional (HCP). Nineteen patients with type 2 diabetes completed the feasibility study.

Addressing challenges and needs in patient education targeting hardly reached patients with chronic diseases.

Some patients do not benefit from participation in patient education due to reasons related to disease burden, literacy, and socioeconomic challenges. In this communication, we address more specifically both the challenges that these hardly reached patients face in relation to patient education programs and the challenges educators face when conducting patient education with hardly reached patients. We define principles for the format and content of dialogue tools to better support this patient group within the population of individuals with diabetes.

A stereochemical anomaly: the cyclised (R)-AMPA analogue (R)-3-hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid [(R)-5-HPCA] resembles (S)-AMPA at glutamate receptors.

(RS)-3-Hydroxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid (5-HPCA)(), which is a conformationally constrained cyclised analogue of AMPA has previously been described as causing glutamate receptor mediated excitations of spontaneously firing cat spinal interneurons in a similar fashion to AMPA. We have now prepared the enantiomers of through chiral chromatographic resolution of (RS)-3-(carboxymethoxy)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid () followed by a stereoconservative hydrolysis resulting in the enantiomers of with high enantiomeric excess (% ee [greater-than-or-equal] 99). The absolute configurations indicated by an X-ray analysis of (-)- monohydrate were confirmed by comparing observed and ab initio calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra and by stereoconservative synthesis of (S)- from (S)-AMPA, the pharmacologically active form of AMPA.