Zongertinib (BI 1810631), an irreversible HER2 TKI, spares EGFR signaling and improves therapeutic response in preclinical models and patients with HER2-driven cancers.

Mutations in HER2 occur in 2-4% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and confer poor prognosis. ERBB-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors, approved for treating other HER2-dependent cancers, are ineffective in HER2 mutant NSCLC due to dose-limiting toxicities or suboptimal potency. We report the discovery of zongertinib (BI 1810631), a covalent HER2 inhibitor.

The Safe Use of I-Seeds as a Localization Technique in Breast Cancer during Pregnancy.

Introduction: Some aspects of the treatment protocol for breast cancer during pregnancy (PrBC) have not been thoroughly studied. This study provides clarity regarding the safety of the use of I-seeds as a localization technique for breast-conserving surgery in patients with PrBC.

Methods: To calculate the exposure to the fetus of one I-seed implanted in a breast tumor, we developed a model accounting for the decaying I-source, time to surgery, and the declining distance between the I-seed and the fetus.

Prospective Evaluation of FDG-PET/CT for On-treatment Assessment of Response to Neoadjuvant or Induction Chemotherapy in Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant/induction chemotherapy (NAIC) improves survival in patients with muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC). On-treatment response assessment may aid in decisions to continue or cease NAIC.

Objective: We investigated whether F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT) could predict response to NAIC and compared to contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT).

Correlation of radiological and histopathological response after neoadjuvant radiotherapy in soft tissue sarcoma.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the association between radiological and histopathological response after neoadjuvant radiotherapy (nRT) in soft tissue sarcoma (STS), as well as the prognostic value of the different response evaluation methods on the oncological outcome.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients with localized STS of the extremity and trunk wall, treated with nRT followed by resection were included. The radiological response was assessed by RECIST 1.

Baseline ultrasound and FDG-PET/CT imaging in Merkel cell carcinoma.

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a cutaneous tumor with a high tendency to metastasize, and a significant proportion of patients have metastases at first presentation. This study aims to determine the value of baseline ultrasound (US) and  fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( FDG-PET/CT) imaging in both patients with clinically localized MCC (Stage I/II) and patients who present with palpable lymph nodes (Stage III).

Methods: This retrospective cohort included 135 MCC patients who underwent baseline US (with fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)) and/or FDG-PET/CT imaging between 2015 and 2021.

Placental MRI: Identification of radiological features to predict placental attachment disease regardless of reader expertise.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of placental MRI in reporting placental adhesive disease in readers with different expertise and to identify the most reliable MRI features that predict placental pathology regardless of reader expertise.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 27 placental MRI studies by six radiologists with different expertise levels; specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy were used to quantify the predictive performance of eight radiological features previously described in the literature. Histopathological evaluation was used as a diagnostic gold standard when available and the presence of the radiological features was decided by consensus.

Location of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) in the Stomach Predicts Tumor Mutation Profile and Drug Sensitivity.

Purpose: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) commonly arise in different regions of the stomach and are driven by various mutations (most often in KIT, PDGFRA, and SDHx). We hypothesized that the anatomic location of gastric GIST is associated with unique genomic profiles and distinct driver mutations.

Experimental Design: We compared KIT versus non-KIT status with tumor location within the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for 2,418 patients with primary gastric GIST.

Diagnostic interpretation of non-contrast qualitative MR imaging features for characterisation of uterine leiomyosarcoma.

Objective: To assess the value of non-contrast MRI features for characterisation of uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and differentiation from atypical benign leiomyomas.

Methods: This study included 57 atypical leiomyomas and 16 LMS which were referred pre-operatively for management review to the specialist gynaeoncology multidisciplinary team meeting. Non-contrast MRIs were retrospectively reviewed by five independent readers (three senior, two junior) and a 5-level Likert score (1-low/5-high) was assigned to each mass for likelihood of LMS.

Imaging response evaluation after neoadjuvant treatment in soft tissue sarcomas: Where do we stand?

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a broad family of rare tumours for which surgery with radiotherapy represents first-line treatment. Recently, neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy has been increasingly used in high-risk patients in an effort to reduce surgical morbidity and improve clinical outcomes. An adequate understanding of the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapies would optimise patient care, allowing a tailored approach.

Staging F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Changes Treatment Recommendation in Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Given the high risk of systemic relapse following initial therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), improved pretreatment staging is needed. We evaluated the incremental value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) after standard conventional staging, in the largest cohort of MIBC patients to date. This is a retrospective analysis of 711 consecutive patients with invasive urothelial bladder cancer who underwent staging contrast-enhanced CT (chest and abdomen) and FDG-PET/CT in a tertiary referral center between 2011 and 2020.

First Report of Two Cases of Acute Gastric Ischemia after Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy.

Gastrointestinal ischemia is rare after small pelvis surgery. Minimal invasive robotic surgery requires adaptation of the surgical approach for cystectomy and derivation construction such as the use of pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg positioning of the patient. Two cases with gastric ischemic complications after robot-assisted radical cystectomy are described.

Preoperative ipilimumab plus nivolumab in locoregionally advanced urothelial cancer: the NABUCCO trial.

Preoperative immunotherapy with anti-PD1 plus anti-CTLA4 antibodies has shown remarkable pathological responses in melanoma and colorectal cancer. In NABUCCO (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03387761 ), a single-arm feasibility trial, 24 patients with stage III urothelial cancer (UC) received two doses of ipilimumab and two doses of nivolumab, followed by resection.

Radiomics of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in renal cell carcinoma-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: (1) To assess the methodological quality of radiomics studies investigating histological subtypes, therapy response, and survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and (2) to determine the risk of bias in these radiomics studies.

Methods: In this systematic review, literature published since 2000 on radiomics in RCC was included and assessed for methodological quality using the Radiomics Quality Score. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool and a meta-analysis of radiomics studies focusing on differentiating between angiomyolipoma without visible fat and RCC was performed.

Oncological Outcome After Diagnostic Biopsies in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To analyze whether the route of preoperative biopsy influences oncological outcome in GIST patients.

Summary Of Background Data: Preoperative biopsies are widely used for diagnosing GIST. Little is known about the risk of tumor seeding after different routes of biopsy.

[Radiological assessment of lymph nodes in the inguinal region].

In this commentary, the radiological aspects of ultrasonography of lymph nodes in the inguinal region and the various differential diagnoses are discussed.

Correction to: Imaging of Bronchial Pathology in Antibody Deficiency: Data from the European Chest CT Group.

In the original version of this article unfortunately two authors were missing: Dr. Jürgen Weidemann and Dr. Daniel Berthold.

Imaging of Bronchial Pathology in Antibody Deficiency: Data from the European Chest CT Group.

Studies of chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with primary antibody deficiency syndromes (ADS) suggest a broad range of bronchial pathology. However, there are as yet no multicentre studies to assess the variety of bronchial pathology in this patient group. One of the underlying reasons is the lack of a consensus methodology, a prerequisite to jointly document chest CT findings.

Neoadjuvant versus adjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab in macroscopic stage III melanoma.

Adjuvant ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) both improve relapse-free survival of stage III melanoma patients. In stage IV disease, the combination of ipilimumab + nivolumab is superior to ipilimumab alone and also appears to be more effective than nivolumab monotherapy. Preclinical work suggests that neoadjuvant application of checkpoint inhibitors may be superior to adjuvant therapy.

Gamma probe and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of the sentinel node (GULF) trial.

Purpose: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was introduced as a minimally invasive technique for nodal staging. Since associated morbidity is not negligible, it is highly relevant to pursue a more minimally invasive alternative. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the sensitivity of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with combined gamma probe and ultrasound (US) guidance in comparison with the gold standard histology of the sentinel node (SN) after SLNB for detecting metastasis.

Predicting surgical outcome in patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III or IV ovarian cancer using computed tomography: a systematic review of prediction models.

Objective: Maximal cytoreduction to no residual disease is an important predictor of prognosis in patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. Preoperative prediction of outcome of surgery should guide treatment decisions, for example, primary debulking or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery. The objective of this study was to systematically review studies evaluating computed tomography imaging based models predicting the amount of residual tumor after cytoreductive surgery for advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer.