COVID-19 progression and convalescence in common variable immunodeficiency patients show dysregulated adaptive immune responses and persistent type I interferon and inflammasome activation.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent primary immunodeficiency, marked by hypogammaglobulinemia, poor antibody responses, and increased infection susceptibility. The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to study the effects of prolonged viral infections on the immune responses of CVID patients. Here we use single-cell RNA-seq and spectral flow cytometry of peripheral blood samples before, during, and after SARS-CoV-2 infection showing that COVID-19 CVID patients display a persistent type I interferon signature at convalescence across immune compartments.

[Esophageal cancer: new developments in prevention and therapy].

Esophageal carcinomas comprise 2 entities, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, which differ in pathogenesis and treatment. Elimination of inflammatory influences and risk factors, such as obesity and gastroesophageal reflux that contribute to a rising incidence of adenocarcinoma, is crucial for tumor prevention. In Germany, general endoscopic screening for upper GI tumors is not recommended, whereas endoscopic surveillance is applied in the presence of Barrett's metaplasia.

[Esophageal Lichen Planus - An Underdiagnosed Disease].

An involvement of the esophagus in patients with lichen planus was described for the first time in 1982. Ever since, it has been seen as a rarity. However, studies over the last 10 years have shown a higher prevalence than expected.

Comparison between traumatic and atraumatic over-the-scope clips in patients with duodenal ulcer bleeding: a retrospective analysis with propensity score-based matching.

Background And Aims: Over-the-scope clips (OTSCs) substantially improved the endoscopic armamentarium for the treatment of severe GI bleeding and can potentially overcome limitations of standard clips. Data indicate a superiority of OTSCs in hemostasis as first- and second-line therapy. However, the impact of the OTSC designs, in particular the traumatic (-t) or atraumatic (-a) type, in duodenal ulcer bleeding has not been analyzed so far.

Esophageal lichen planus: Current knowledge, challenges and future perspectives.

Lichen planus (LP) is a frequent, chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, mucous membranes and/or skin appendages. Esophageal involvement in lichen planus (ELP) is a clinically important albeit underdiagnosed inflammatory condition. This narrative review aims to give an overview of the current knowledge on ELP, its prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic options in order to provide support in clinical management.

[Esophageal Lichen Planus - an Underdiagnosed Disease].

An involvement of the esophagus in patients with lichen planus was described for the first time in 1982. Ever since, it has been seen as a rarity. However, studies over the last 10 years have shown a higher prevalence than expected.

[Viral hepatitis A-E].

Hepatitis viruses A-E cause acute and chronic liver inflammation and thus lead to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. They differ significantly in their biology, course of disease and therapy options. While hepatitis A virus only causes acute infection, hepatitis B can become chronic, even reactivate or occur as coinfection with hepatitis D virus.

Characterization of pre-existing and induced SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cells.

Emerging data indicate that SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cells targeting different viral proteins are detectable in up to 70% of convalescent individuals. However, very little information is currently available about the abundance, phenotype, functional capacity and fate of pre-existing and induced SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cell responses during the natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we define a set of optimal and dominant SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cell epitopes.

Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 shedding and mild course of COVID-19 in a patient after recent heart transplantation.

In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, organ transplant recipients are considered to be at high risk for an unfavorable outcome. However, in particular the role of immunosuppression in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains undetermined. Here, we present a 62-year-old male COVID-19 patient with recent heart transplantation who developed only mild symptoms, but had prolonged virus shedding, and summarize the available data on COVID-19 in cardiac allograft recipients.