Simultaneous patellar tendon and anterior cruciate ligament rupture: a systematic review, meta-analysis and algorithmic approach.

Introduction: Isolated patellar tendon (PT) or anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are common injuries, yet the co-occurrence of both presents a rare challenge for clinicians. The objectives of the study are to document diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, outcomes, and complications of combined PT and ACL injuries and to develop an algorithm to guide clinicians in decision-making.

Methods: The systematic review und metanalysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.

Hip Abductor Muscle Strength in Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Impaired hip abductor muscle strength indirectly leads to changes in knee kinematics and may cause pain or functional limitations after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to evaluate and quantify hip abductor muscle strength deficits after TKA and investigate external factors influencing hip abductor muscle strength after TKA.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed, and clinical studies reporting hip abductor muscle strength after primary TKA were included.

Osteoarthritis year in review 2024: Biomechanics.

Objective: We aimed to systematically review and summarize the literature of the past year on osteoarthritis (OA) and biomechanics, to highlight gaps and challenges, and to present some promising approaches and developments.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using Pubmed and the Web of Science Core Collection. We included original articles and systematic reviews on OA and biomechanics in human subjects published between April 2023 and April 2024.

Walking stress-induced changes in gait patterns and muscle activity: Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis versus asymptomatic controls.

Introduction: Patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (sLSS) are often limited in their walking range because of worsening symptoms, which is thought to induce changes in the gait pattern. The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in gait pattern and muscle activity in these patients are elicited by a walking stress and differ from asymptomatic controls.

Methods: Twenty patients with sLSS and 19 asymptomatic controls performed a 30-minute walking stress.

ISB recommendations on the definition, estimation, and reporting of joint kinematics in human motion analysis applications using wearable inertial measurement technology.

There is widespread and growing use of inertial measurement technology for human motion analysis in biomechanics and clinical research. Due to advancements in sensor miniaturization, inertial measurement units can be used to obtain a description of human body and joint kinematics both inside and outside the laboratory. While algorithms for data processing continue to improve, a lack of standard reporting guidelines compromises the interpretation and reproducibility of results, which hinders advances in research and development of measurement and intervention tools.

Influence of Critical Shoulder Angle and Rotator Cuff Tear Type on Load-Induced Glenohumeral Biomechanics: A Sawbone Simulator Study.

Glenohumeral (GH) biomechanics after rotator cuff (RC) tears are not fully understood. The purpose of our study was to determine if the critical shoulder angle (CSA), type of RC tears, and level of weight bearing increase GH translation, instability based on the instability ratio, muscle forces and joint reaction force (JRF), and shifts the center of force (CoF) superiorly. A GH simulator with muscle-mimicking cable systems was used to simulate 30° abduction in the scapular plane.

Anterior cruciate ligament injury and age affect knee cartilage T2 but not thickness.

Objective: To investigate the effect of unilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on cartilage thickness and composition, specifically laminar transverse relaxation time (T2) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in younger and older participants and to compare within-person side differences in these parameters between ACL-injured and healthy controls.

Design: Quantitative double-echo steady-state 3 Tesla MRI-sequences were acquired in both knees of 85 participants in four groups: 20-30 years: healthy, HEA, n = 24; ACL-injured, ACL, n = 23; 40-60 years: healthy, HEA, n = 24; ACL-injured, ACL, n = 14 (ACL injury 2-10 years prior to study inclusion). Weight-bearing femorotibial cartilages were manually segmented; cartilage T2 and thickness were computed using custom software.

The influence of rotator cuff tear type and weight bearing on shoulder biomechanics in an ex vivo simulator experiment.

Glenohumeral biomechanics after rotator cuff (RC) tears have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the muscle compensatory mechanism in weight-bearing shoulders with RC tears and asses the induced pathomechanics (i.e.

Reconstruction of proximal hamstring ruptures restores joint biomechanics during various walking conditions.

Purpose: We aimed to examine the functional outcome in different walking conditions in elderly adults who underwent surgical repair after a non-contact hamstring injury. Our objective was to compare lower limb kinematics and kinetics over the entire gait cycle between the injured and contralateral leg in overground and level and uphill treadmill walking.

Methods: 12 patients (mean ± SD, age: 65 ± 9 years; body mass index: 30 ± 6 kg/m) walked at self-selected speed in overground (0% slope) and treadmill conditions (0% and 10% slope).

Classification of inertial sensor-based gait patterns of orthopaedic conditions using machine learning: A pilot study.

Elderly patients often have more than one disease that affects walking behavior. An objective tool to identify which disease is the main cause of functional limitations may aid clinical decision making. Therefore, we investigated whether gait patterns could be used to identify degenerative diseases using machine learning.

Is Age a Risk Factor for Early Postoperative Cage Subsidence After Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion? A Retrospective Study in 170 Patients.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Objectives: We aim to evaluate whether age is a risk factor for cage subsidence, and whether other patient characteristics, preoperative radiological or imaging parameters are associated with cage subsidence and the need for revision surgery in patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods: Patient demographics and surgery-related information were extracted.

Immobilization by 21 days of bed rest results in type II collagen degradation in healthy individuals.

Objective: To investigate the effects of 21 days of bed rest immobilization (with and without exercise and nutrition interventions) on type II collagen biomarker concentrations in healthy individuals.

Design: Twelve healthy male participants (age 34.2 ± 8.

The role of muscle degeneration and spinal balance in the pathophysiology of lumbar spinal stenosis: Study protocol of a translational approach combining in vivo biomechanical experiments with clinical and radiological parameters.

Objective: To describe a study protocol for investigating the functional association between posture, spinal balance, ambulatory biomechanics, paraspinal muscle fatigue, paraspinal muscle quality and symptoms in patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (sLSS) before and 1-year after elective surgical intervention.

Design: Single-centre prospective, experimental, multimodal (clinical, biomechanical, radiological) study with three instances of data collection: baseline (study visit 1), 6-month follow-up (remote) and 1-year follow-up (study visit 2). Both study visits include an in vivo experiment aiming to elicit paraspinal muscle fatigue for postural assessment in a non-fatigued and fatigued state.

Gait function assessed using 3D gait analysis in patients with cervical spinal myelopathy before and after surgical decompression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the most common cause of cervical spinal cord dysfunction in adults and the result of chronic degenerative changes of the cervical spine. The compression of the spinal cord can lead to ischemia, inflammation, and neuronal apoptosis with a consequent impairment of the neurological function. Gait impairment is one of the most frequent signs of DCM.

Ambulatory knee biomechanics and muscle activity 2 years after ACL surgery: InternalBrace-augmented ACL repair versus ACL reconstruction versus healthy controls.

Background: Little is known about knee mechanics and muscle control after augmented ACL repair. Our aim was to compare knee biomechanics and leg muscle activity during walking between the legs of patients 2 years after InternalBrace-augmented anterior cruciate ligament repair (ACL-IB) and between patients after ACL-IB and ACL reconstruction (ACL-R), and controls.

Methods: Twenty-nine ACL-IB, 27 sex- and age-matched ACL-R (hamstring tendon autograft) and 29 matched controls completed an instrumented gait analysis.

Functional leg performance 2 years after ACL surgery: a comparison between InternalBrace™-augmented repair versus reconstruction versus healthy controls.

Background: While clinical and patient-reported outcomes have been investigated in patients after InternalBrace™-augmented anterior cruciate ligament repair (ACL-IB), less is known regarding restoration of functional performance. We aimed to determine differences in functional performance within and between patients 2 years after ACL-IB, patients 2 years after ACL reconstruction (ACL-R), and healthy controls.

Materials And Methods: A total of 29 ACL-IB, 27 ACL-R (hamstring autograft), and 29 controls performed single-leg hop (maximum forward distance hop, SLH; side hop > 40 cm in 30 s, SH), proprioception (knee joint position sense at 30° and 60° flexion), and dynamic postural balance (Y Balance) tests.

Favorable Patient-Reported, Clinical, and Functional Outcomes 2 Years After ACL Repair and InternalBrace Augmentation Compared With ACL Reconstruction and Healthy Controls.

Background: Recently, interest in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) preservation and repair after proximal ACL tears has been resurrected. Although good clinical outcomes have been reported in the literature with adequate patient selection, to date detailed scientific evidence for the functional benefit of primary ACL repair with ligament augmentation is scarce.

Purpose: To compare patient-reported, clinical, and functional outcomes in patients 2 years after ACL repair and InternalBrace augmentation (ACL-IB) with age- and sex-matched patients 2 years after ACL reconstruction (ACL-R) and with matched healthy controls.

Fully automatic algorithm for detecting and tracking anatomical shoulder landmarks on fluoroscopy images with artificial intelligence.

Objective: Patients with rotator cuff tears present often with glenohumeral joint instability. Assessing anatomic angles and shoulder kinematics from fluoroscopy requires labelling of specific landmarks in each image. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence model for automatic landmark detection from fluoroscopic images for motion tracking of the scapula and humeral head.

Load-induced increase in muscle activity during 30° abduction in patients with rotator cuff tears and control subjects.

Background: Rotator cuff muscles stabilise the glenohumeral joint and contribute to the initial abduction phase with other shoulder muscles. This study aimed to determine if the load-induced increase in shoulder muscle activity during a 30° abduction test is influenced by asymptomatic or symptomatic rotator cuff pathologies.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five patients with unilateral rotator cuff tears (age, 64.

Ex vivo experimental strategies for assessing unconstrained shoulder biomechanics: A scoping review.

Background: Biomechanical studies of the shoulder often choose an ex vivo approach, especially when investigating the active and passive contribution of individual muscles. Although various simulators of the glenohumeral joint and its muscles have been developed, to date a testing standard has not been established. The objective of this scoping review was to present an overview of methodological and experimental studies describing ex vivo simulators that assess unconstrained, muscular driven shoulder biomechanics.

Distal femoral osteotomy for the valgus knee: indications, complications, clinical and radiological outcome.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the indications and technical aspects of medial closing and lateral opening distal femoral osteotomy (MCDFO and LODFO) for patients with a valgus knee and to report clinical and radiological outcomes and complications.

Methods: Over 6 years, 28 DFOs (22 MCDFO, 6 LODFO) were performed in 22 Patients. In this cohort study, we retrospectively analyzed clinical and radiological outcome measures as well as complications.