PET/MRI in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease - a prospective accuracy study.

Cross-sectional imaging supplements endoscopy in detecting disease manifestations in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of PET/MRI in a paediatric population suspected of IBD. This prospective study consecutively included patients aged 8-17 years under diagnostic evaluation for IBD.

Polyethylene Glycol Maintenance Treatment for Childhood Functional Constipation: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term efficacy of polyethylene glycol (PEG) during maintenance treatment of childhood functional constipation (FC) in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Methods: Children (2-16 years) with FC according to the Rome III criteria were randomly assigned to maintenance treatment with PEG or placebo for 24 weeks. Children reporting treatment failure before 24 weeks were switched to conventional treatment.

Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Should We Be Looking for Kidney Abnormalities?

Background: Kidney disease has been reported in adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and is regarded an extraintestinal manifestation or more rarely a side effect of the medical treatment.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study we describe the extent of kidney pathology in a cohort of 56 children with IBD. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for markers of kidney disease and ultrasonography was performed to evaluate pole-to-pole kidney length.

Follow-up in Childhood Functional Constipation: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives: Guidelines recommend close follow-up during the treatment of childhood functional constipation. Only sparse evidence exists on how follow-up is best implemented. Our aim was to evaluate whether follow-up by phone or self-management through Web-based information improved treatment outcomes.

Transabdominal ultrasound measurement of rectal diameter is dependent on time to defecation in constipated children.

Aim: To study whether diurnal variations and time in relation to defecation has to be taken into account when measurements of rectal diameter are used to determine faecal impaction in constipated children.

Methods: Repeated ultrasound measures of rectal diameter were performed in 28 children (14 constipated/14 healthy, aged between 4 and 12 years) every third hour during 24 h. After defecation, three additional scans were performed at 1-h intervals.

Identifying faecal impaction is important for ensuring the timely diagnosis of childhood functional constipation.

Aim: Most research on functional constipation has been carried out at a tertiary level. We focused this study on a secondary-level hospital outpatients' department, assessing the distribution of diagnostic criteria for childhood functional constipation and evaluating the consequences of current diagnostic practice based on current guidelines.

Methods: We enrolled 235 children, aged two to 16 years of age, with functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria and assessed them using medical histories and physical examinations, including rectal examinations and ultrasound measurements of rectal diameter.

Eosinophilic oesophagitis in infants and children in the region of southern Denmark: a prospective study of prevalence and clinical presentation.

Objective: Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EE) is a clinical entity characterised by a set of symptoms and eosinophilic infiltration of the oesophageal epithelium. Recent reports indicate that EE is increasingly diagnosed in paediatric patients. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of paediatric EE in a European population.