Immune checkpoint inhibitors-associated vasculitis: a heterogeneous condition with possible severe disease course.

Objective: To describe presentation, treatment and outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) associated-vasculitis in cancer patients in a multicentre study.

Methods: Thanks to the ImmunoCancer International Registry (ICIR), a multidisciplinary network focused on the research of the immune related adverse events related to cancer immunotherapies, patients presenting with a clinical and/or radiological suspicion of vasculitis, and histological evidence of vasculitis after being exposed to ICIs were retrospectively identified.

Results: Twenty eight cases were identified in the ICIR registry.

Protective effect of obesity on survival in cancers treated with immunotherapy vanishes when controlling for type of cancer, weight loss and reduced skeletal muscle.

Introduction: Association of high body mass index (BMI) with longer survival has been reported in patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but results are inconsistent. This 'obesity paradox' is potentially confounded by the effects of BMI change over time and of skeletal muscle depletion.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort, including consecutive patients receiving ICI treatment for melanoma (n = 411) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (n = 389) in routine care.

Neurological complications induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors: a comprehensive descriptive case-series unravelling high risk of long-term sequelae.

Neurological immune-related adverse events are complications of programmed-cell death 1 or programmed-cell death 1 ligand immunotherapies that can be life threatening and often lead to anticancer immunotherapy withdrawal. Scant clinical data are available that integrate the clinical presentation, therapeutic management and long-term outcome. All consecutive adult patients treated by programmed-cell death 1 or programmed-cell death 1 ligand immunotherapies, given alone or in combination with other treatment, who experienced a neurological immune-related adverse event with a severity grade ≥2 in Paris Saclay-University hospitals were investigated from June 2014 to February 2019.

The determinants of very severe immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A prospective study of the French REISAMIC registry.

Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain generally unpredictable, and severe irAEs remain challenging to detect early and manage. Very severe (grade IV-V) irAEs have not been extensively characterised in prospective studies, and their predictive factors remain unknown.

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe and identify predictive factors of very severe (grade IV-V) irAEs.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated sarcoidosis: A usually benign disease that does not require immunotherapy discontinuation.

Objective: To analyse the clinical patterns of sarcoidosis triggered by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with cancer.

Patients And Methods: The ImmunoCancer International Registry is a big data-sharing multidisciplinary network from 18 countries dedicated to evaluating the clinical research of immune-related adverse events related to cancer immunotherapies.

Results: We identified 32 patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis.

Outcomes of patients with cancer and sarcoid-like granulomatosis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case-control study.

Purpose: Sarcoid-like granulomatosis (SLG) reaction caused by immunotherapy remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the outcome of patients with cancer and SLG associated with immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Between April 2016 and June 2020, 434 patients with immunological adverse events were screened from the ImmunoTOX assessment board of Gustave Roussy, an academic cancer centre in France.

Infectious complications in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) antibodies constitute a new generation of cancer treatments, associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). A previous retrospective study of patients with metastatic melanoma (treated mostly with anti-CTLA4 antibodies) reported a serious infection rate of 7.3%.

Circulating T-cell Immunosenescence in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors or Platinum-based Chemotherapy.

Purpose: CD28, CD57, and KLRG1 have been previously identified as markers of T-cell immunosenescence. The impact of immunosenescence on anti-PD(L)-1 (ICI) or platinum-based chemotherapy (PCT) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) is unknown.

Experimental Design: The percentage of CD28, CD57, KLRG1 among CD8 T cells [senescent immune phenotype (SIP)] was assessed by flow cytometry on blood from patients with aNSCLC before single-agent ICI (discovery cohort).

The 2016-2019 ImmunoTOX assessment board report of collaborative management of immune-related adverse events, an observational clinical study.

Purpose: We investigated the activities of an ImmunoTOX board, an academic, multidisciplinary group of oncologists and organ specialists that adopts a real-life, case-by-case approach in the management of patients with immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

Experimental Design: The ImmunoTOX assessment board was set up in 2016 at Gustave Roussy in France. It meets every 2 weeks to discuss the case-by-case management of patients presenting with irAEs.

Impact of aging on immune-related adverse events generated by anti-programmed death (ligand)PD-(L)1 therapies.

Background: Aging is an important risk factor for cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. Weakness of the immune system, also called immunosenescence may occur with older age. The impact of aging on efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint blockers, such as anti-programmed death (ligand) PD-(L)1, remains undetermined.

Worsening and newly diagnosed paraneoplastic syndromes following anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapies, a descriptive study.

Background: Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are autoimmune disorders specifically associated with cancer. There are few data on anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in patients with a PNS. Our objective was to describe the outcome for patients with a pre-existing or newly diagnosed PNS following the initiation of anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.

Occurrences and Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Induced Vitiligo in Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer patients is associated with the onset of vitiligo. However, previous studies have suggested conflicting results on the conditions of occurrence of ICI-induced vitiligo.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the occurrences and outcomes of several cases of ICI-induced vitiligo.

Evaluation of Readministration of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors After Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients With Cancer.

Importance: Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD-1 (programmed cell death 1) or anti-PD-L1 (programmed cell death 1 ligand 1), have proved effective in treating many cancers, patients receiving ICIs may experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Little evidence exists on the safety of resuming these treatments after an irAE.

Objective: To investigate the safety of a rechallenge with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapies after an irAE.

Haematological immune-related adverse events induced by anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy: a descriptive observational study.

Background: Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies are novel immunotherapies for cancer that can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These adverse events can involve all organs, including the haemopoietic system. Thus far, haematological irAEs (haem-irAEs) have not been extensively characterised.

Safety and efficacy of anti-programmed death 1 antibodies in patients with cancer and pre-existing autoimmune or inflammatory disease.

Objective: Patients with autoimmune or inflammatory disease (AID) are susceptible to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) when treated with immune check-point inhibitors (ICIs). We decided to analyse the safety and effectiveness of anti-PD-1 antibodies in AID patients and look for an association between the presence of pre-existing AID and the clinical outcome.

Methods: In a prospective study of the REISAMIC registry of grade ≥2 irAEs occurring in ICI-treated patients, we studied the associations between pre-existing AID on one hand and irAE-free survival, overall survival and best objective response rate on the other.

Significance of Immune-related Lipase Increase Induced by Antiprogrammed Death-1 or Death Ligand-1 Antibodies: A Brief Communication.

Antiprogrammed death-1 (anti-PD1) and antiprogrammed death ligand-1 (anti-PD-L1) antibodies are effective checkpoint inhibitors that stimulate the immune system against many types of cancers. The flip side of these immunotherapies is the generation of immune-related adverse events, which can theoretically affect all organs. Among these side effects, lipase increase is frequently observed; however the meaning of this biological abnormality remains poorly understood.

Rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica occurring after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.

Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have demonstrated improved survival for multiple cancers. However, these new drug classes have led to increased immune-related adverse events (IrAE). Rheumatic IrAEs have not been well described in clinical trials.