Factors Affecting Poultry Producers' Attitudes towards Biosecurity.

Poultry producers' attitudes towards biosecurity practices were assessed by using the ADKAR (Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, and Reinforcement) behavioral change model. Conventional poultry producers ( = 155) from different production types including broilers ( = 35), layers ( = 22), breeders ( = 24), turkeys ( = 19), ducks ( = 23), free-range broilers ( = 11), free-range layers ( = 11), and hatcheries ( = 10) from seven European countries were scored for each ADKAR element (1 = total absence to 5 = perfect fulfilment). Each country performed selected interventions (e.