Systemic complement activation influences outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: A prospective French multicenter trial.

Complement activation has shown a role in murine models of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and in endothelial complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, its impact on post-transplant outcomes has not been so far fully elucidated. Here, we conducted a prospective multicentric trial (NCT01520623) performing serial measurements of complement proteins, regulators, and CH50 activity for 12 weeks after allo-HSCT in 85 patients receiving a myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen for various hematological malignancies.

Age-related immune cell dynamics influence outcomes after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation.

An efficient immunological reconstitution construes the pillar for the success of allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in haematological disorders. Factors influencing post-transplant immune recovery have been largely investigated across multiple cohorts issuing heterogeneous results. Differences in outcomes in adult and paediatric populations suggest an age-related contribution to post-transplant immune reconstitution; however, it is unclear how recipient and donor age may affect the dynamics of single immune cells.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation-A curative treatment for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with PIGT mutation: A case report.

Background: Patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) have a clonal population of blood cells deficient in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) proteins, most of the time resulting from a mutation in the X-linked gene PIGA. We report a patient with PNH resulting from a rare biallelic PIGT mutation on chromosome 20.

Case Summary: A 47-year-old man was referred to our hospital for febrile pancytopenia.

Wharton's jelly-derived stromal cells and their cell therapy applications in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

For decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been of great interest in the fields of regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and immunomodulation. Their tremendous potential makes it desirable to cryopreserve and bank MSCs to increase their accessibility and availability. Postnatally derived MSCs seem to be of particular interest because they are harvested after delivery without ethical controversy, they have the capacity to expand at a higher rate than adult-derived MSCs, in which expansion decreases with ageing, and they have demonstrated immunological and haematological supportive properties similar to those of adult-derived MSCs.

Mobilized Multipotent Hematopoietic Progenitors Promote Expansion and Survival of Allogeneic Tregs and Protect Against Graft Versus Host Disease.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is routinely performed with peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) mobilized by injection of G-CSF, a growth factor which not only modulates normal hematopoiesis but also induces diverse immature regulatory cells. Based on our previous evidence that G-CSF-mobilized multipotent hematopoietic progenitors (MPP) can increase survival and proliferation of natural regulatory T cells (Tregs) in autoimmune disorders, we addressed the question how these cells come into play in mice and humans in an alloimmune setting. Using a C57BL/6 mouse model, we demonstrate that mobilized MPP enhance the immunosuppressant effect exerted by Tregs, against alloreactive T lymphocytes, both and They do so by migrating to sites of allopriming, interacting with donor Tregs and increasing their numbers, thus reducing the lethality of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Microenvironment Remodeling and Subsequent Clinical Implications in Diffuse Large B-Cell Histologic Variant of Richter Syndrome.

Introduction: Richter Syndrome (RS) is defined as the development of an aggressive lymphoma in the context of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), with a Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) histology in 95% cases. RS genomic landscape shares only a few features with DLBCLs and is marked by a wide spectrum of cytogenetic abnormalities. Little is known about RS microenvironment.