Building a Program: Implications for Infrastructure, Nursing Education, and Training for CAR T-Cell Therapy.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy program development has regulatory demands and unique operational processes that vary across settings. The infrastructure in which CAR T-cell therapy is implemented has implications for nursing education and competencies.

Objectives: This article presents an overview of operational approaches to CAR T-cell therapy program development and oncology nurse education considerations.

Results of the first phase I/II clinical vaccination trial with direct injection of mRNA.

Vaccination against tumor antigens has been shown to be a safe and efficacious prophylactic and therapeutic antitumor treatment in many animal models. Clinical studies in humans indicate that specific immunotherapy can also result in clinical benefits. The active pharmaceutical ingredient in such vaccines can be DNA, RNA, protein, or peptide and can be administered naked, encapsulated, or after delivery in vitro into cells that are then adoptively transferred.