Individualised prediction of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation treated with anticoagulation.

Background: Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of major bleeding. No predictive model has hitherto provided estimates of the absolute risk for individual patients.

Aim: To predict the individual 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with AF taking anticoagulants and evaluate the importance of individual risk factors.

Venous thromboembolism with use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To study the influence of concomitant use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the risk of venous thromboembolism.

Design: Nationwide cohort study.

Setting: Denmark through national registries.

Nationwide Incidence of Thyroid Eye Disease and Cumulative Incidence of Strabismus and Surgical Interventions in Denmark.

Importance: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a serious condition that can cause proptosis and strabismus and, in rare cases, lead to blindness. Incidence data for TED and strabismus and surgical interventions after TED are sparce.

Objective: To investigate the nationwide incidence of TED, strabismus, and surgical interventions associated with TED.

Topical anaesthesia in strabismus surgery for Graves' orbitopathy: a comparative study of 111 patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the tolerability and usability of topical anaesthesia in single rectus muscle recession for strabismus caused by Graves' orbitopathy (GO). To compare the perioperative pain score and surgical outcome between GO patients and non-GO patients.

Methods: A retrospective comparative study of consecutive single rectus muscle recession performed under topical anaesthesia was carried out.

Assessing absolute stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation using a risk factor-based approach.

Aim: To assess the risk of stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) based on risk factor combinations of the CHA2DS2-VASc score.

Methods And Results: Using nationwide Danish registries, patients with AF were included from 1997 to 2015 in this retrospective observational study. A multiple logistic regression, including interactions of history of stroke with age at AF, calendar year of AF, and the CHA2DS2-VASc score risk factors (congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease, and female sex) were used to predict the personalized risks of stroke within 1 year.

Demographic Shifts, Case Mix, Activity, and Outcome for Elderly Patients Admitted to Adult General ICUs in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

Objectives: Major increases in the proportion of elderly people in the population are predicted worldwide. These population increases, along with improving therapeutic options and more aggressive treatment of elderly patients, will have major impact on the future need for healthcare resources, including critical care. Our objectives were to explore the trends in admissions, resource use, and risk-adjusted hospital mortality for older patients, admitted over a 20-year period between 1997 and 2016 to adult general ICUs in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.

Correlation between retinal vein occlusion and cancer - a nationwide Danish cohort study.

Purpose: To explore the association between retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and incident cancer.

Methods: All Danish citizens with a first-time diagnosis of RVO and no previous diagnosis of cancer in the period from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2014 were included. Five likewise cancer-free, age- and gender-matched controls were included in a control cohort.

Exploring the impact of using measured or estimated values for height and weight on the relationship between BMI and acute hospital mortality.

Purpose: Studies have demonstrated an association between height and weight and mortality among patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the optimal body mass index (BMI) might be well above the optimal values in the general population. Most of these studies have relied on estimated values, the validity of which is not known.

Material And Methods: Admissions to adult general ICUs from 1 April 2009 to 31 March 2016 in the Case Mix Programme (CMP) Database were described by height and weight assessment methods (measured or estimated).

Trends in assisted ventilation and outcome for obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. A nationwide study.

Background: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been used for decades in treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The impact of the changing use of assisted ventilation in acute exacerbations on outcomes has not been fully elucidated and we aimed to describe these changes in the Danish population and describe their consequences for mortality.

Methods: A register-based study was conducted of a cohort of 12,847 patients admitted for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) from 2004 through 2011, treated with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or NIV for the first time.

Association between hemoglobin and prognosis in patients admitted to hospital for COPD.

Low concentrations of hemoglobin have previously been demonstrated in many patients with COPD. There is evidence of anemia as a prognostic factor in acute exacerbations, but the detailed relationship between concentrations of hemoglobin and mortality is not known. A register-based cohort of patients admitted for the first time to Danish hospitals for acute exacerbations of COPD from 2007 through 2012 was established.

Prehospital treatment with continuous positive airway pressure in patients with acute respiratory failure: a regional observational study.

Background: Patients with acute respiratory failure are at risk of deterioration during prehospital transport. Ventilatory support with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) can be initiated in the prehospital setting. The objective of the study is to evaluate adherence to treatment and effectiveness of CPAP as an addition to standard care.

Assisted ventilation in COPD - association between previous hospitalizations and mortality.

Background: In general, previous studies have shown an association between prior exacerbations and mortality in COPD, but this association has not been demonstrated in the subpopulation of patients in need of assisted ventilation. We examined whether previous hospitalizations were independently associated with mortality among patients with COPD ventilated for the first time.

Patients And Methods: In the Danish National Patient Registry, we established a cohort of patients with COPD ventilated for the first time from 2003 to 2011 and previously medicated for obstructive airway diseases.

[Statins can maybe reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism].

Recent reports suggest beneficial effects of statin treatment on risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This review studies the existing literature on statins and VTE: one meta-analysis, one randomized controlled trial, four cohort studies and eight case-control studies. The hypothesis of a risk reducing effect of statins on recurrent VTE is supported, but the included studies are heterogeneous; and there is a risk of uncontrolled confounding.

Blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Objective: To examine the association between serum concentrations of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA), apolipoprotein B and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Design: Nested case-control study.

Setting: The study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), a cohort of more than 520,000 participants from 10 western European countries.

Small dense LDL particles--a predictor of coronary artery disease evaluated by invasive and CT-based techniques: a case-control study.

Background: Coronary angiography is the current standard method to evaluate coronary atherosclerosis in patients with suspected angina pectoris, but non-invasive CT scanning of the coronaries are increasingly used for the same purpose. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and other lipid and lipoprotein variables are major risk factors for coronary artery disease. Small dense LDL particles may be of particular importance, but clinical studies evaluating their predictive value for coronary atherosclerosis are few.