Embryo Morphokinetics and Blastocyst Development After GnRH Agonist versus hCG Triggering in Normo-ovulatory Women: a Secondary Analysis of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) for final oocyte maturation, along with vitrification of all usable embryos followed by transfer in a subsequent frozen-thawed cycle, is the most effective strategy to avoid ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, less is known about the ovulation induction triggers effect on early embryo development and blastocyst formation. This study is a secondary analysis of a multicenter, randomized controlled trial, with the aim to compare embryo development in normo-ovulatory women, randomized to GnRHa or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger.

Effect of clindamycin and a live biotherapeutic on the reproductive outcomes of IVF patients with abnormal vaginal microbiota: protocol for a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial.

Introduction: Recent studies in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) patients have associated abnormal vaginal microbiota (AVM) with poor clinical pregnancy rates of 6%-9% per embryo transfer. The biological plausibility for this finding is hypothesised to be ascending infection to the endometrium which in turn hampers embryo implantation. New molecular based diagnosis may offer advantages compared to microscopical diagnosis of AVM which has huge inter-study variability ranging from 4 to 38%; however, the important question is whether screening and treatment of AVM would improve reproductive outcomes in IVF patients.

Freeze-all versus fresh blastocyst transfer strategy during in vitro fertilisation in women with regular menstrual cycles: multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the ongoing pregnancy rate between a freeze-all strategy and a fresh transfer strategy in assisted reproductive technology treatment.

Design: Multicentre, randomised controlled superiority trial.

Setting: Outpatient fertility clinics at eight public hospitals in Denmark, Sweden, and Spain.

Associations of different molecular forms of antimüllerian hormone and biomarkers of polycystic ovary syndrome and normal women.

Objective: To study different antimüllerian hormone (AMH) isoforms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy regularly cycling women and to investigate whether levels of AMH isoforms combined with baseline characteristics can predict PCOS.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Fertility clinic.

Comparison of a 'freeze-all' strategy including GnRH agonist trigger versus a 'fresh transfer' strategy including hCG trigger in assisted reproductive technology (ART): a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Pregnancy rates after frozen embryo transfer (FET) have improved in recent years and are now approaching or even exceeding those obtained after fresh embryo transfer. This is partly due to improved laboratory techniques, but may also be caused by a more physiological hormonal and endometrial environment in FET cycles. Furthermore, the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is practically eliminated in segmentation cycles followed by FET and the use of natural cycles in FETs may be beneficial for the postimplantational conditions of fetal development.

Live birth potential of good morphology and vitrified blastocysts presenting abnormal cell divisions.

This study included 238 good morphology blastocysts, which were transferred after vitrification-warming to 152 women by single blastocyst transfer in Holbæk Fertility Clinic, Denmark. Time-lapse recordings of transferred good morphology blastocysts were reassessed to recognize every abnormal cell division (ACD) from the 1st to the 4th cell cycle. ACDs were distinguished as failed cell divisions and multi-cell divisions.

Individualised gonadotrophin ovulation induction in women with normogonadotrophic anovulatory infertility: A prospective, observational study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate an individualised gonadotrophin starting dose regimen for women with anovulatory infertility.

Study Design: We included 71 normogonadotrophic anovulatory infertile women in a prospective, observational study. All underwent one ovulation induction cycle in a flexible, low-dose step-up protocol.

Live birth rate and number of blastomeres on day 2 transfer.

Purpose: To investigate whether the presence of large fragment (LF) and abnormal cell divisions (ACDs) has influenced the correlation between live birth rate and number of blastomeres detected on day 2 by conventional scoring.

Methods: This study included 578 embryos cultured in time lapse and selected for transfer by conventional scoring on day 2. By time-lapse recordings, embryos were reassessed to identify ACDs and/or LFs mistaken as blastomeres.

Polycystic ovary syndrome: cardiovascular risk factors according to specific phenotypes.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the impact of insulin resistance and body mass index (BMI) on inflammatory and hemostatic variables associated with long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in women with PCOS.

Material And Methods: 149 premenopausal women with PCOS were recruited consecutively from April 2010 to February 2012 at three Danish University Hospitals.

The transcriptome of corona radiata cells from individual MІІ oocytes that after ICSI developed to embryos selected for transfer: PCOS women compared to healthy women.

Background: Corona radiata cells (CRCs) refer to the fraction of cumulus cells just adjacent to the oocyte. The CRCs are closely connected to the oocyte throughout maturation and their gene expression profiles might reflect oocyte quality. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of infertility.

Revised criteria for PCOS in WHO Group II anovulatory infertility - a revival of hypothalamic amenorrhoea?

Objective: To evaluate revised criteria for polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in anovulatory infertility.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Patients: WHO Group II anovulatory infertile women (n = 75).

Differential expression of inflammation-related genes in the ovarian stroma and granulosa cells of PCOS women.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common female endocrine disorder. Ovarian changes in PCOS women are well characterized by ultrasound. However, the ovarian pathophysiology is not fully understood.

Combination of IVF and IVM in naturally cycling women.

This study investigated the combination of an unstimulated IVF cycle with in-vitro maturation (IVM) of additional immature cumulus–oocyte–complexes (COC) from the same cycle collected at the same time as the spontaneous preovulatory follicle. This could potentially improve rates of embryo transfer and pregnancy/live births compared with conventional unstimulated IVF treatment and at the same time eliminate the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. This prospective trial included 77 women with regular menstrual cycles.

Levels of the epidermal growth factor-like peptide amphiregulin in follicular fluid reflect the mode of triggering ovulation: a comparison between gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist and urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin.

Objective: To detect differences in follicular fluid (FF) levels of amphiregulin (AR), depending on mode of triggering final oocyte maturation.

Design: Prospective randomized trial.

Setting: Three IVF units.

The impact of oxygen tension on developmental competence of post-thaw human embryos.

The present study compares the culture of human embryos using two different culture systems: a conventional culture incubator with humidified atmospheric air supplemented with 5% CO(2) and a closed culture incubator with a humidified 5% O(2) and 5% (5.2-5.5) CO(2) and 90% N(2) partial pressure.

Strategies in human in-vitro maturation and their clinical outcome.

The basis of in-vitro maturation (IVM) is the maturing in vitro of oocytes from the germinal vesicle (GV) stage of development to the metaphase II stage. Experience in handling immature oocytes has been obtained from two main groups. The first group is women suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome, who are extremely sensitive to stimulation with exogenous gonadotrophins in assisted reproduction, and have a significant risk of developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Time interval between FSH priming and aspiration of immature human oocytes for in-vitro maturation: a prospective randomized study.

This prospective randomized controlled study was performed to examine the influence of coasting for 2 days versus 3 days following a fixed daily dose of FSH for 3 days. The outcome was 2-fold. In the first experiment (n = 50 cycles), the incidence of apoptosis in granulosa cells was compared.