Clinical pharmacists in Dutch general practice: an integrated care model to provide optimal pharmaceutical care.

Background Medication-related harm is a major problem in healthcare. New models of integrated care are required to guarantee safe and efficient use of medication. Aim To prevent medication-related harm by integrating a clinical pharmacist in the general practice team.

Non-dispensing pharmacist integrated in the primary care team: effect on the quality of physician's prescribing, a non-randomised comparative study.

Background Especially in elderly with polypharmacy, medication can do harm. Clinical pharmacists integrated in primary care teams might improve quality of pharmaceutical care. Objective To assess the effect of non-dispensing clinical pharmacists integrated in primary care teams on general practitioners' prescribing quality.

How Clinical Integration of Pharmacists in General Practice has Impact on Medication Therapy Management: A Theory-oriented Evaluation.

Background: Data on medication-related hospital admissions suggest that there is an opportunity for improved pharmaceutical care. Hence, concerns about medication-related hospital admissions is a driver to extend and integrate the role of community pharmacists in general practice.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to give a systematic description of 1) what integrating a non-dispensing pharmacist (NDP) in general practice entails and 2) how this integrated care model is expected to contribute to patients' medication therapy management.

Design of a 15-month interprofessional workplace learning program to expand the added value of clinical pharmacists in primary care.

Background And Purpose: Clinical pharmacists who work in the general practice settings bring an improvement to patient care and outcomes. Postgraduate training for an independent clinical role does not often occur in the primary health care setting. When it does, the design of the curriculum is infrequently based on interprofessional workplace learning principles and it does not always integrate practical experience with classroom-based learning activities.

The Systematic Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Prescribing (STRIP): Combining implicit and explicit prescribing tools to improve appropriate prescribing.

Inappropriate prescribing is a major health care issue, especially regarding older patients on polypharmacy. Multiple implicit and explicit prescribing tools have been developed to improve prescribing, but these have hardly ever been used in combination. The Systematic Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Prescribing (STRIP) combines implicit prescribing tools with the explicit Screening Tool to Alert physicians to the Right Treatment and Screening Tool of Older People's potentially inappropriate Prescriptions criteria and has shared decision-making with the patient as a critical step.

Opioid analgesic use in Australia and The Netherlands: a cross-country comparison.

Background Increasing use of opioid analgesics (OA) has been reported worldwide. Objective To compare the use of OA in two countries in order to better understand these trends. Setting Outpatient settings in Australia and The Netherlands.

Controversy and consensus on a clinical pharmacist in primary care in the Netherlands.

Unlabelled: Background Controversy about the introduction of a non-dispensing pharmacist in primary care practice hampers implementation. Objective The aim of this study is to systematically map the debate on this new role for pharmacists amongst all stakeholders to uncover and understand the controversy and consensus.

Setting: Primary health care in the Netherlands.

Design of the POINT study: Pharmacotherapy Optimisation through Integration of a Non-dispensing pharmacist in a primary care Team (POINT).

Background: In the Netherlands, 5.6 % of acute hospital admissions are medication-related. Almost half of these admissions are potentially preventable.

Pharmacists' and general practitioners' pharmacology knowledge and pharmacotherapy skills.

Understanding differences in the pharmacology knowledge and pharmacotherapy skills of pharmacists and physicians is vital to optimizing interprofessional collaboration and education. This study investigated these differences and the potential influence of work experience. The pharmacology knowledge and pharmacotherapy skills of pharmacists, general practitioners (GPs), and trainees were compared, using a written assessment; 294 participants were included.

Contribution of renal impairment to potentially preventable medication-related hospital admissions.

Background: Medication errors and renal impairment contribute to severe adverse drug events, which may lead to hospital admission.

Objective: To determine whether medication errors and renal impairment contribute to hospital admission and examine these errors for strategies to prevent admissions.

Methods: The 714 medication-related hospital admissions reported in the prospective multicenter study HARM (Hospital Admissions Related to Medication) were analyzed.

Preventing hospital admissions by reviewing medication (PHARM) in primary care: design of the cluster randomised, controlled, multi-centre PHARM-study.

Background: Medication can be effective but can also be harmful and even cause hospital admissions. Medication review or pharmacotherapy review has often been proposed as a solution to prevent these admissions and to improve the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy. However, most published randomised controlled trials on pharmacotherapy reviews showed no or little effect on morbidity and mortality.

Preventable hospital admissions related to medication (HARM): cost analysis of the HARM study.

Objective: Adverse drug events (ADEs) can cause serious harm to patients and can lead to hospitalization or even death. ADEs are a burden not only to patients and their relatives, but also to society and have the potential to involve high costs. To provide more information on the economic burden of preventable adverse drug events of outpatients, we performed a cost study on the data collected in the Hospital Admissions Related to Medication (HARM) study.

The relationship between study characteristics and the prevalence of medication-related hospitalizations: a literature review and novel analysis.

Background: Studies on medication-related hospitalizations differ in study setting, studied population, outcome, and method of data collection. Thus, extrapolations based on a meta-analysis of unselected studies may be biased.

Objective: To explore the influence of study characteristics on the prevalence of medication-related hospitalizations.

Frequency of and risk factors for preventable medication-related hospital admissions in the Netherlands.

Background: Medication-related problems that lead to hospitalization have been the subject of many studies, many of which were limited to 1 hospital or lacked patient follow-up. Furthermore, little information exists on potential risk factors associated with preventable medication-related hospitalizations.

Methods: A prospective multicenter study was conducted to determine the frequency and patient outcomes of medication-related hospital admissions.