Evaluation of a Near-Infrared Light Transillumination Device for Caries Detection in Interproximal Primary Molar Surfaces.

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the near-infrared light transillumination caries detection method by using DEXIS CariVu (DCV) for imaging of interproximal primary molar surfaces (IPMS).
A retrospective evaluation of patient records at a university pediatric dentistry (PD) clinic identified 22 patients with unrestored IPMS, which had images of both bitewing radiography (BW) and DCV. A scoring system (no caries, incipient caries, dentinal caries) was developed for the study.

A qualitative analysis of caregiver perceptions of pediatric dental surgery under general anesthesia.

Background: Dental surgery under general anesthesia (GA) is a common treatment for severe childhood caries and thus may serve as an event to motivate behavior change. The frequency of recurrent caries, however, indicates opportunities within current practice to change a child's oral health behaviors.

Aim: To assess caregiver experiences related to their child's dental surgery to inform development of a behavioral intervention.

Comparing Case-Based with Team-Based Learning: Dental Students' Satisfaction, Level of Learning, and Resources Needed.

The aims of this study were to compare third-year dental students' satisfaction and level of learning in case-based learning (CBL) versus team-based learning (TBL) and the resources required in those two methodologies. Level of learning was assessed for both knowledge and application, and resources were defined as student and faculty time and rooms. In academic year 2018-19, all 68 third-year dental students in one U.

Understanding Oral Health Behaviors Among Children Treated for Caries Under General Anesthesia.

To identify factors that influence oral health behaviors in the pediatric population treated for caries under general anesthesia (GA).
Nineteen semi-structured key informant interviews were conducted with caregivers while their children received comprehensive dental care under GA. Interviews were recorded on audio and professionally transcribed.

Benefits and Challenges of Partner Site Engagement with Community-Based Dental Education Programs: The Partner Sites' Perspectives.

The aim of this qualitative study was to examine the perspectives of key personnel at partner sites providing community learning experiences to dental students to gain more understanding of the effects that community-based programs have on the sites themselves. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2015 with individuals from nine extramural sites. Interviewees had a range of roles from clinicians to CEOs, with six also reporting they were faculty preceptors.

Timing of Case-Based Discussions and Educational Outcomes for Dental Students.

The aim of this study was to determine if the timing of a case-based discussion affected dental students' assessment scores. The study specifically investigated whether the timing of a 60-minute case-based discussion before or after a 90-minute lecture affected students' performance on a quiz on topics in pediatric dentistry. In addition, students' preferences for the timing of the case discussion and confidence in the material with different timings were assessed in a survey.

Association Between Childhood Traumatic Stress and Behavior in the Pediatric Dental Clinic.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between a history of potentially traumatic events (PTE) and a child's behavior during dental treatment.

Methods: Parents of healthy children, age four years and older and attending their initial dental appointment at a university pediatric dental clinic, were asked to complete the Traumatic Events Screening Inventory-Parent Report Revised and a demographic survey. Following the dental appointment, a pediatric dental resident reported the child's behavior using the Frankl scale.

Parental attitudes regarding pediatric dentists' counseling on tobacco use: a survey of five private practices.

Purpose: To evaluate parental acceptance of provision of tobacco cessation and prevention education to children and parents by private practice pediatric dentists.

Methods: Receptionists gave confidential questionnaires to parents of child dental patients in five private pediatric dentistry practices. Demographic information and questions about dentist interventions were asked, with the most intrusive questions concerning parental tobacco use.

Randomized trial of two e-learning programs for oral health students on secondary prevention of eating disorders.

The purpose of this study was to test whether an interactive, web-based training program is more effective than an existing, flat-text, e-learning program at improving oral health students' knowledge, motivation, and self-efficacy to address signs of disordered eating behaviors with patients. Eighteen oral health classes of dental and dental hygiene students were randomized to either the Intervention (interactive program; n=259) or Alternative (existing program; n=58) conditions. Hierarchical linear modeling assessed for posttest differences between groups while controlling for baseline measures.

The effects of beverages on plaque acidogenicity after a sugary challenge.

Background: Caries prevention traditionally has emphasized the restriction of cariogenic foods and beverages, but it has placed less emphasis on how the choice, combination and sequence of consumed foods and beverages may help reduce plaque acidogenicity. The authors conducted a study to examine whether whole milk, 100 percent apple juice or tap water affect dental plaque acidity in people after a sugary challenge.

Methods: Twenty adults participated in a randomized controlled crossover study.

Factors affecting the internal brain drain of Saudi healthcare professionals.

Objective: To investigate factors affecting the internal brain drain of healthcare professionals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous self-administered online questionnaire sent to all Saudi students enrolled in healthcare profession programs in North America. The data was collected between January and March 2008 at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.

A qualitative study of tobacco dependence treatment in 19 US dental hygiene programs.

Introduction: The US Public Health Service calls for health professionals to provide tobacco dependence counseling for patients. The purpose of this study was to understand how dental hygiene programs make decisions about and provide training for tobacco dependence counseling to help them graduate more fully competent hygienists.

Methods: We conducted interviews (N = 32) with mainly program and clinic directors from 19 US dental hygiene education programs for this qualitative case study.

An association of premature loss of primary maxillary incisors with speech production of bilingual children.

Purpose: Early childhood caries is prevalent in the United States, especially among Hispanic children. One consequence may be premature loss of primary teeth, raising concern about developmental challenges. This study examined speech sound articulation errors association with premature loss of the primary maxillary incisors of bilingual children (Spanish/English).

Oral intubation in premature infants with and without stabilizing devices.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of palatal stabilizing devices (PSDs) on accidental extubations (AEs) and other intubation complications in infants with breathing tubes at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a university hospital. PSDs are individually crafted acrylic oral devices for stabilizing breathing tubes in neonates.

Methods: Charts of all first admission NICU neonates weighing less than 1,500 g were reviewed (N =733); 548 were intubated and had information available on birth weight, gender, transfer status, gestational age, length of admission, ventilator type, sedation, dates of intubations and extubations, number of accidental extubations, dates of PSD placement, and complications.

Developing and pretesting case studies in dental and dental hygiene education: using the diffusion of innovations model.

Case-based learning offers exposure to clinical situations that health professions students may not encounter in their training. The purposes of this study were to apply the Diffusion of Innovations conceptual framework to 1) identify characteristics of case studies that would increase their adoption among dental and dental hygiene faculty members and 2) develop and pretest interactive web-based case studies on sensitive oral-systemic health issues. The formative study spanned two phases using mixed methods (Phase 1: eight focus groups and four interviews; Phase 2: ten interviews and satisfaction surveys).

A case of collegial communication and a patient who does not pay.

Four individuals who teach ethics in dental schools comment on a case in which negative financial information is revealed by one dentist when transferring records of a potential patient to another dentist. All commentators find varying degrees of ethical problem with disclosing such information. Professional codes discourage this practice.

Assessment of willingness to provide diabetes education and counseling in a dental school clinic.

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health concern for the U.S. population because of its high prevalence and long-term health implications.

Factors for increasing adoption of e-courses among dental and dental hygiene faculty members.

The incorporation of web-based learning into the dental curriculum has been consistently recommended in the literature on reform in dental education. There has been growing support for web-based learning in dental and dental hygiene education as demonstrated by deans' identifying this as a planned curricular innovation. The purpose of our study was to explore characteristics of e-courses that may serve to increase adoption among dental and dental hygiene faculty members.

Assessment of tobacco dependence curricula in U.S. dental hygiene programs.

Tobacco dependence education (TDE) continues to be a vital component of dental hygiene curricula-made even more important by the fact that tobacco cessation in adults in the United States has stagnated over the past ten years. This study was undertaken to assess the salient characteristics of TDE in U.S.

The relationship of dental visits to parental knowledge of management of dental trauma.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to: (1) determine the level of parental knowledge regarding initial trauma management; and (2) assess which factors could influence that level of knowledge.

Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was given to parents of patients that attended 1 of 2 dental clinics. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts and assessed patient and parental demographics and knowledge of dental trauma management.

Gender trends in dental leadership and academics: a twenty-two-year observation.

The purpose of this study was to examine gender disparities in dental leadership and academics in the United States. Nine journals that represent the dental specialties and high published impact factors were selected to analyze the percentage of female dentists' first and senior authorship for the years 1986, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2008. Data on appointment status and female deanship were collected from the American Dental Association (ADA) survey, and the trends were studied.

Improving the effectiveness of tobacco use cessation (TUC).

This paper includes an update of a Cochrane systematic review on tobacco use cessation (TUC) in dental settings as well as narrative reviews of possible approaches to TUC and a more detailed discussion of referral for specialist TUC services. On the basis of these reviews we conclude that interventions for tobacco users in the dental setting increase the odds of quitting tobacco. However, the evidence is derived largely from patients using smokeless tobacco.

Consensus Report: 2nd European Workshop on Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation for Oral Health Professionals.

Tobacco use has been identified as a major risk factor for oral disorders such as cancer and periodontal disease. Tobacco use cessation (TUC) is associated with the potential for reversal of precancer, enhanced outcomes following periodontal treatment, and better periodontal status compared to patients who continue to smoke. Consequently, helping tobacco users to quit has become a part of both the responsibility of oral health professionals and the general practice of dentistry.

Evaluating the effects of coaching to improve motivational interviewing skills of dental hygiene students.

Purpose: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a style of encouraging and supporting patients in making their own choices in matters concerning their health. MI is emerging in health care as a viable strategy for enhancing a patient's intrinsic motivation to change self care. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effects and level of incorporation of coaching to improve MI adherence of dental hygiene students' patient education presentations as measured by parts of the Motivational Interviewing Integrity Coding System (MITI) and Motivational Interviewing Skills Code (MISC).