Injury prevention in the US Maternal, Infant and Early Childhood Home Visiting programme.

Background: Many home-based interventions have been demonstrated to reduce unintentional and intentional injuries in young children aged 0-4 years, but an understanding of their inclusion in federally-funded home visiting programmes in the USA is needed.

Methods: The study team administered a survey to key informants at each of the 21 home visiting models approved for United States Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting program funding being implemented in 2023. Respondents were based across the United States and in other developed countries.

Unintentional injury prevention in American Indian and Alaska Native communities: a scoping review of the Indian Health Service Primary Care Provider newsletter.

Background: Unintentional injuries disproportionately impact American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations. Developing effective and culturally tailored data collection and intervention programs requires an understanding of past prevention efforts in AI/AN communities, but limited peer-reviewed literature on the topic is available. This scoping review aims to summarize efforts that have been published in the Primary Care Provider newsletter, a source of gray literature available through the Indian Health Service.

Strategic Directions in Preventive Intervention Research to Advance Health Equity.

As commissioned by the Society for Prevention Research, this paper describes and illustrates strategic approaches for reducing health inequities and advancing health equity when adopting an equity-focused approach for applying prevention science evidence-based theory, methodologies, and practices. We introduce an ecosystemic framework as a guide for analyzing, designing, and planning innovative equity-focused evidence-based preventive interventions designed to attain intended health equity outcomes. To advance this process, we introduce a health equity statement for conducting integrative analyses of ecosystemic framework pathways, by describing the role of social determinants, mechanisms, and interventions as factors directly linked to specific health equity outcomes.

Native Youth Participating in the Together on Diabetes 12-Month Home-Visiting Program Reported Improvements in Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 Diet Quality Domains Likely to Be Associated With Blood Pressure and Glycemic Control.

Background: The Together on Diabetes (TOD) intervention was a home-visiting diabetes prevention and management program for Native youth.

Objectives: (1) Examine the impact of the TOD program on diet quality using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010); (2) determine association between diet quality and cardiometabolic health.

Design: The TOD program was conducted from October 2012 to June 2014 and was evaluated using a pretest-posttest study design from baseline to 12 months.

Empowering Native Adolescents: Responsibility for Their Health Behaviors.

In this study, we assess the impact of a home-based diabetes prevention program, Together on Diabetes (TOD), on adolescent responsibility-taking for tasks related to diabetes risk. Participants were Native American youth ages 10-19 with or at risk of type 2 diabetes who participated in a 12-session, 6-month diabetes prevention program with an adult caretaker. Assessments completed at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up include demographics and the Diabetes and Obesity Task Sharing (DOTS) Questionnaire.

Effect of a Home-Visiting Intervention to Reduce Early Childhood Obesity Among Native American Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Early childhood obesity disproportionately affects Native American communities. Home visiting is a promising strategy for promoting optimal infant growth in this population.

Objective: To assess the impact of a brief home-visiting approach, Family Spirit Nurture (FSN), on sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption, responsive parenting and infant feeding practices, and optimal growth through 12 months post partum.

Unintentional injury deaths among American Indian residents of the Fort Apache Indian Reservation, 2006-2012.

This study aims to describe the epidemiology of unintentional injury deaths among American Indian residents of the Fort Apache Indian Reservation between 2006 and 2012. Unintentional injury death data were obtained from the Arizona Department of Health Services and death rates were calculated per 100 000 people per year and age adjusted using data obtained from Indian Health Service and the age distribution of the 2010 US Census. Rate ratios were calculated using the comparison data obtained through CDC's Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System.

Engaging Native American Caregivers in Youth-Focused Diabetes Prevention and Management.

Native American youth aged 10 to 19 years are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes. Intergenerational programs may improve health in tribal communities. We evaluated Together on Diabetes, a diabetes prevention and management program, among 257 participating Native American youths with or at risk for type 2 diabetes and their adult caregivers.

Continuous Regional Anesthesia and Inpatient Rehabilitation for Pediatric Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Background: Evidence supports treatment of pediatric complex regional pain syndromes (CRPS) with physical and occupational therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Some patients have persistent pain and/or limb dysfunction despite these treatments. We performed a retrospective study of pediatric patients with CRPS treated by continuous epidural or peripheral perineural local anesthetic infusions along with inpatient rehabilitation at Boston Children's Hospital.

The Impact of a Home-Based Diabetes Prevention and Management Program on High-Risk American Indian Youth.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a home-based diabetes prevention and management program on high-risk American Indian youth.

Methods: Together on Diabetes (TOD) was designed via a participatory approach with 4 tribal communities in the southwestern United States. A multisite pre- and postevaluation design was used to evaluate the efficacy of the TOD intervention on improving youth's psychosocial, knowledge, behavioral, and physiological outcomes at 4 time points from baseline to 12 months postenrollment.

A Home-Visiting Diabetes Prevention and Management Program for American Indian Youth: The Together on Diabetes Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of a family-based, home-visiting diabetes prevention/management intervention for American Indian (AI) youth with or at risk for type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The Together on Diabetes program, developed through community-based participatory research, enrolled 255 AI youth (aged 10-19 years) with or at risk for type 2 diabetes and 223 support persons. Delivered by local AI paraprofessionals in 4 rural AI communities, the program included home-based lifestyle education and psychosocial support, facilitated referrals, and community-based healthy living activities.

Permanganate oxidation of 1,5,9-trienes: stereoselective synthesis of tetrahydrofuran-containing fragments.

Permanganate oxidation of farnesoate esters 12a-d afforded perhydro-2,2'-bifuranyl compounds 16a-d, with control of relative stereochemistry at four new stereocenters. Subsequent oxidative cleavage of 16a-d then provided tetrahydrofuran-containing fragments 17a-d, one of them 17b possessing the same relative stereochemistry present in the C13-C21 portion of the polyether antibiotic semduramycin (1). Control of the absolute stereochemistry was achieved through the use of the Oppolzer sultam chiral auxiliary.