Testosterone deficiency promotes arterial stiffening independent of sex chromosome complement.

Background: Sex hormones and sex chromosomes play a vital role in cardiovascular disease. Testosterone plays a crucial role in men's health. Lower testosterone level is associated with cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases, including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes.

Testosterone Deficiency Promotes Arterial Stiffening Independent of Sex Chromosome Complement.

Background: Testosterone plays a vital role in men's health. Lower testosterone level is associated with cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases, including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. Testosterone replacement is beneficial or neutral to men's cardiovascular health.

Hypertension and Associated Inflammatory Markers Among HIV-Infected Patients in Tanzania.

There remains a dearth of data regarding the association between chronic inflammation and hypertension (HTN) in sub-Saharan Africa, a region that accounts for >70% of the global burden of HIV infection. Therefore, we assessed the levels of biomarkers among HIV+ individuals and its associations with HTN in Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted at one of the largest clinics in Tanzania and data from 261 HIV+ patients were analyzed.

Mental health symptoms and inflammatory markers among HIV infected patients in Tanzania.

Background: HIV and mental disorders are predicted to be the leading causes of illness worldwide by the year 2030. HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of developing mental disorders which are significantly associated with negative clinical outcomes and propagation of new HIV infections. There is little evidence that links inflammation to development of mental disorders among HIV patients.

Using Friendship Ties to Understand the Prevalence of, and Factors Associated With, Intimate Partner Violence Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Kenya: Cross-Sectional, Respondent-Driven Survey Study.

Background: Optimization of innovative approaches is required for estimating the intimate partner violence (IPV) burden among adolescents and young adults (AYA). Further investigation is required to identify risk and protective factors associated with IPV among AYA. There remain significant gaps in understanding these factors among this vulnerable population.

Exploring communities' and health workers' perceptions of indicators and drivers of malaria decline in Malindi, Kenya.

Background: Since 2000, a decrease in malaria burden has been observed in most endemic countries. Declining infection rates and disease burden and reduction in asymptomatic carriers are the outcome of improved quality of care and related health system factors. These include improved case management through better diagnosis, implementation of highly effective antimalarial drugs and increased use of bednets.

A formative study of disposal and re-use of old mosquito nets by communities in Malindi, Kenya.

Background: About 30 million insecticide treated mosquito nets have been distributed in Kenya since 2001 and ownership is approaching full coverage. As a consequence of this achievement, Kenya is faced with the challenge of disposing old mosquito nets that are no longer in use. The study aimed at investigating ways of disposal and re-use of old and torn nets by end users.