Characteristics of fallers who later sustain a hip fracture: a NOREPOS study.

Unlabelled: Fall prevention programs have shown inconclusive results concerning hip fracture reduction. We found that fallers with poor health, low societal participation, and use of psychotropics/painkillers had a threefold to fivefold increased hip fracture risk compared to non-fallers without these risk factors. This may help target fall prevention towards high-risk individuals.

The Association of Cold Ambient Temperature With Fracture Risk and Mortality: National Data From Norway-A Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS) Study.

Norway is an elongated country with large variations in climate and duration of winter season. It is also a high-risk country for osteoporotic fractures, in particular hip fractures, which cause high mortality. Although most hip fractures occur indoors, there is a higher incidence of both forearm and hip fractures during wintertime, compared with summertime.

Increased Mortality in Hip Fracture Patients Living Alone: A NOREPOS Study.

Hip fracture is associated with excess mortality, persisting for many years after the fracture. Several factors may affect survival; however, the role of social support has been less studied. Living situation could be an indicator of a person's social support, which predicts mortality in the general population.

Milk drinking and risk of hip fracture: the Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS).

Milk provides energy and nutrients considered protective for bone. Meta-analyses of cohort studies have found no clear association between milk drinking and risk of hip fracture, and results of recent studies are contradictory. We studied the association between milk drinking and hip fracture in Norway, which has a population characterised by high fracture incidence and a high Ca intake.

Homocysteine-Lowering Treatment and the Risk of Fracture: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial and an Updated Meta-Analysis.

High plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Several studies have assessed the possible preventive effect of homocysteine-lowering B-vitamin treatment on the risk of fracture with inconclusive results. In the current study, we include new results from the Aspirin Folate Polyp Prevention Study (AFPPS) together with an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Does the Association of Comorbidity with 1-Year Mortality After Hip Fracture Differ According to Gender? The Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS).

Background/objectives: Excess mortality after hip fracture is higher in men than in women. The objective was to study whether comorbidity differs in men and women with hip fracture and to what degree differences in comorbidity according to gender may explain the higher excess mortality in men.

Design: Population-based matched cohort covering the population aged 50 and older in Norway.

Age and Sex Differences in Body Mass Index as a Predictor of Hip Fracture: A NOREPOS Study.

It is unclear whether very high body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)) lowers risk of hip fracture. Our objectives in this study were 1) to examine the association between BMI and subsequent hip fracture according to sex and age and 2) to explore whether the importance of known risk factors varied across BMI. We followed 61,787 participants (29,511 female and 32,276 male) in the Cohort of Norway (ages 50-79 years at baseline in 1994-2003) with regard to hip fracture.

Use of anti-osteoporotic drugs in central Norway after a forearm fracture.

Unlabelled: Use of anti-osteoporotic drugs (AOD) the first year after a forearm fracture in central Norway was low in the period 2005-2012. Women with fractures used more AOD compared to the general population only in 2006, 2007, and 2011. Female gender, age ≥ 60 years, use of glucocorticosteroids, or ≥ 4 different drugs were associated with AOD use.

Population data on calcium in drinking water and hip fracture: An association may depend on other minerals in water. A NOREPOS study.

Background: The Norwegian population has among the highest hip fracture rates in the world. The incidence varies geographically, also within Norway. Calcium in drinking water has been found to be beneficially associated with bone health in some studies, but not in all.

Educational Inequalities in Post-Hip Fracture Mortality: A NOREPOS Study.

Hip fractures are associated with high excess mortality. Education is an important determinant of health, but little is known about educational inequalities in post-hip fracture mortality. Our objective was to investigate educational inequalities in post-hip fracture mortality and to examine whether comorbidity or family composition could explain any association.

Cohort profile: Norwegian Epidemiologic Osteoporosis Studies (NOREPOS).

Aims: This paper describes the history, purpose, data collection and contributions in the research collaboration Norwegian Osteoporosis Epidemiologic Studies (NOREPOS).

Methods: NOREPOS encompasses almost 85,000 bone mineral density measurements within Cohort of Norway and data on almost 140,000 hip fractures in Norway 1994-2008. Included are anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipids and glucose, and 50 standard questions on sociodemographic factors, diseases and risk factors.

Impact of comorbidity, age, and gender on seasonal variation in hip fracture incidence. A NOREPOS study.

Unlabelled: Based on a total of 136,140 hip fractures, we found a distinct seasonal variation in hip fracture incidence present in subgroups defined by age, gender, and comorbidity. The seasonal variation was most pronounced in the youngest and the healthiest patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the possible seasonal variation in hip fracture incidence in Norway by comorbidity, age, and gender.

Mortality following the first hip fracture in Norwegian women and men (1999-2008). A NOREPOS study.

Hip fractures are associated with increased mortality and their incidence in Norway is one of the highest worldwide. The aim of this nationwide study was to examine short- and long-term mortality after hip fractures, burden of disease (attributable fraction and potential years of life lost), and time trends in mortality compared to the total Norwegian population. Information on incident hip fractures between 1999 and 2008 in all persons aged 50 years and older was collected from Norwegian hospitals.

Do cadmium, lead, and aluminum in drinking water increase the risk of hip fractures? A NOREPOS study.

The aim of this study was to investigate relations between cadmium, lead, and aluminum in municipality drinking water and the incidence of hip fractures in the Norwegian population. A trace metals survey in 566 waterworks was linked geographically to hip fractures from hospitals throughout the country (1994-2000). In all those supplied from these waterworks, 5,438 men and 13,629 women aged 50-85 years suffered a hip fracture.

Nationwide data on municipal drinking water and hip fracture: could calcium and magnesium be protective? A NOREPOS study.

Norway has a high incidence of hip fractures, and the incidence varies by degree of urbanization. This variation may reflect a difference in underlying environmental factors, perhaps variations in the concentration of calcium and magnesium in municipal drinking water. A trace metal survey (1986-1991) in 556 waterworks (supplying 64% of the Norwegian population) was linked geographically to hip fractures from hospitals throughout the country (1994-2000).

Ten-year risk of second hip fracture. A NOREPOS study.

Background: Second hip fracture risk is elevated after the first, however whether risk differs with age, by sex or over time is not well known.

Objective: To examine the risk of second hip fracture by sex, age and time after first hip fracture.

Design: Data on all hip fractures in subjects 50 years and older and treated in Norwegian hospitals during 1999-2008 were retrieved.

Hip fractures in Norway 1999-2008: time trends in total incidence and second hip fracture rates: a NOREPOS study.

Declining incidences of hip fractures are reported from western countries. Norway has among the highest rates in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in total hip fracture rates in Norway between 1999 and 2008 and risk of second hip fractures.

Influence of socioeconomic factors on the adherence of alendronate treatment in incident users in Norway.

Purpose: To examine whether socioeconomic factors influence adherence to alendronate drug treatment among incident users in Norway during 2005-2009.

Methods: The study included 7610 incident alendronate users in 2005 (40-79 years), followed until 31 December 2009. Mean age was 66.

The oslo health study: a dietary index estimating frequent intake of soft drinks and rare intake of fruit and vegetables is negatively associated with bone mineral density.

Background. Since nutritional factors may affect bone mineral density (BMD), we have investigated whether BMD is associated with an index estimating the intake of soft drinks, fruits, and vegetables. Methods.