Longitudinal Assessment of the Prevalence of Actinic Keratosis and Extensive Risk Factor Evaluation: An Update from the Rotterdam Study.

Population-based studies available to analyze the prevalence, risk factors, and longitudinal outlook of actinic keratoses (AKs) are limited. These features mentioned earlier were assessed using Rotterdam study participants aged ≥40 years who underwent a full-body skin examination by a dermatology-trained physician. ORs with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the associations between risk factors and the presence of AK.

Stimulating Sunscreen Use Among Outdoor Construction Workers: A Pilot Study.

Background: Outdoor workers (OW) receive a higher dose of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) compared to indoor workers (IW) which increases the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Regular sunscreen use reduces the NMSC risk, however, adequate sun-safety behavior among OW is poor. The main objective was to conduct method- and intervention-related elements of a future intervention trial among OW, based on providing sunscreen and assessing sunscreen use on group- and individual level.

Stratum corneum biomarkers after in vivo repeated exposure to sub-erythemal dosages of ultraviolet radiation in unprotected and sunscreen (SPF 50+) protected skin.

Background: There is a need for non-invasive biomarkers to assess in vivo efficacy of protective measures aiming at reducing ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. Stratum corneum (SC) biomarkers showed to be promising markers for internal UVR dose and immune response.

Purpose: To establish a dose-response relationship for SC biomarkers and explore their suitability for in vivo assessment of the blocking effect of two sunscreens with a high sun protection factor (SPF) (50+).

Research Techniques Made Simple: Stratum Corneum Tape Stripping.

Stratum corneum (SC)-derived biomarkers can provide relevant information on the skin's antimicrobial, physical, and immunological barriers. The SC is easily accessible, and collection by adhesive tapes (tape stripping [TS]) is robust and minimally invasive. Given its minimal invasiveness and simplicity, TS is particularly useful for studies in the pediatric population and when repetitive sampling over time is desirable, for example, in clinical trials.

Protection Against Solar Ultraviolet Radiation in Outdoor Construction Workers: Study Protocol for a Non-randomized Controlled Intervention Study.

Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) incidence is increasing, and occupational solar exposure contributes greatly to the overall lifetime ultraviolet radiation (UVR) dose. This is reflected in an excess risk of NMSC showing up to three-fold increase in outdoor workers. Risk of NMSC can be reduced if appropriate measures to reduce UVR-exposure are taken.

Tape stripping the stratum corneum for biomarkers of ultraviolet radiation exposure at sub-erythemal dosages: a study in human volunteers.

Purpose: Prevalence of skin cancer is rapidly increasing. There is a need for non-invasive biomarkers to assess efficacy of prevention strategies aiming at reduction of exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Recently, stratum corneum (SC) biomarkers were applied in various inflammatory skin diseases.

Actinic keratosis and surrounding skin exhibit changes in corneocyte surface topography and decreased levels of filaggrin degradation products.

Actinic keratosis (AK) is a frequent premalignant skin lesion mainly caused by chronic sun exposure. AK lesions are often surrounded by invisible, subclinical alterations, called field of cancerization (FoC). Definition of FoC is of importance for therapy management; however, the criteria and non-invasive tools to characterize FoC are lacking.

Percutaneous penetration of drugs applied in transdermal delivery systems: an in vivo based approach for evaluating computer generated penetration models.

Human skin is a viable pathway for administration of therapeutics. Transdermal delivery systems (TDS) have been approved by the US-FDA since 1981. To enable the risk assessment of dermal exposure, predictive mathematical models are used.