Translocator protein (TSPO) genotype does not change cerebrospinal fluid levels of glial activation, axonal and synaptic damage markers in early Alzheimer's disease.

Background: PET imaging of the translocator protein (TSPO) is used to assess in vivo brain inflammation. One of the main methodological issues with this method is the allelic dependence of the radiotracer affinity. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), previous studies have shown similar clinical and patho-biological profiles between TSPO genetic subgroups.

Impact of simulated reduced injected dose on the assessment of amyloid PET scans.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of reduced injected doses on the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the amyloid PET tracers [F]flutemetamol and [F]florbetaben.

Methods: Cognitively impaired and unimpaired individuals (N = 250, 36% Aβ-positive) were included and injected with [F]flutemetamol (N = 175) or [F]florbetaben (N = 75). PET scans were acquired in list-mode (90-110 min post-injection) and reduced-dose images were simulated to generate images of 75, 50, 25, 12.

Clinical heterogeneity of neuro-inflammatory PET profiles in early Alzheimer's disease.

The relationship between neuroinflammation and cognition remains uncertain in early Alzheimer's disease (AD). We performed a cross-sectional study to assess how neuroinflammation is related to cognition using TSPO PET imaging and a multi-domain neuropsychological assessment. A standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) analysis was performed to measure [F]-DPA-714 binding using the cerebellar cortex or the whole brain as a (pseudo)reference region.

Clinical Effect of Early vs Late Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography in Memory Clinic Patients: The AMYPAD-DPMS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) allows the direct assessment of amyloid deposition, one of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer disease. However, this technique is currently not widely reimbursed because of the lack of appropriately designed studies demonstrating its clinical effect.

Objective: To assess the clinical effect of amyloid PET in memory clinic patients.

Pharmacological Characterization of [F]-FNM and Evaluation of NMDA Receptors Activation in a Rat Brain Injury Model.

Purpose: NMDA receptors (NMDARs) dysfunction plays a central role in the physiopathology of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders whose mechanisms are still poorly understood. The development of a PET (positron emission tomography) tracer able to selectively bind to the NMDARs intra-channel PCP site may make it possible to visualize NMDARs in an open and active state. We describe the in vitro pharmacological characterization of [F]-fluoroethylnormemantine ([F]-FNM) and evaluate its ability to localize activated NMDA receptors in a rat preclinical model of excitotoxicity.

Brain Metabolic Profile in Presymptomatic Carriers Throughout a 5-Year Follow-up.

Background And Objectives: variants are a frequent cause of familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Monitoring disease progression in asymptomatic carriers of genetic variants is a major challenge in delivering preventative therapies before clinical onset. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET in identifying metabolic changes in presymptomatic carriers (PS-+) and to trace their longitudinal progression.

PET metabolic tumor volume as a new prognostic factor in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.

Purpose: Childhood RMS is a rare malignant disease in which evaluation of tumour spread at diagnosis is essential for therapeutic management. F-18 FDG-PET imaging is currently used for initial RMS disease staging.

Materials And Methods: This multicentre retrospective study in six French university hospitals was designed to analyse the prognostic accuracy of MTV at diagnosis for patients with RMS between 1 January 2007 and 31 October 2017, for overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Contribution and performance of multimodal imaging in the diagnosis and management of cardiac masses.

To evaluate the contribution and performance of multimodal imaging in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of cardiac masses. We carried out a monocentric retrospective study on patients referred for cardiac mass assessment between 2006 and 2019, and analyzed the respective contribution of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), cardiac computed tomography (CT), cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography coupled with CT (F-FDG PET-CT). For each test, we determined strategy before and after its completion (need for another imaging or decision-making) as well as result on benign, malignant or indeterminate nature.

Weight-loss with activation of brown fat: Suspect pheochromocytoma.

Introduction: Excess catecholamine stimulates heat production in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Activation of BAT can be detected in patients presenting pheochromocytoma.

Case Study: A 58-year-old female patient sought medical advice due to 13 kg weight loss over 2 years accompanied by sweating and high blood pressure.

Enlarged perivascular spaces and florbetapir uptake in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Purpose: Enlarged perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale (CSO-EPVS) have been linked to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). To get insight into the underlying mechanisms of this association, we investigated the relationship between amyloid-β deposition assessed by 18F-florbetapir PET and CSO-EPVS in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 18 patients with lobar ICH (suggesting CAA) and 20 with deep ICH (suggesting hypertensive angiopathy), who underwent brain MRI and 18F-florbetapir PET.

Relevance of functional imaging in dental implantology.

Background: Despite it is widely used in many medicine fields, the use of functional imaging to examine dental implants has not been reported in the literature. This work aimed to evaluate the relevance of functional medical imaging in oral implantology.

Material And Methods: This single-center observational study was conducted for 6 months at the Toulouse University Hospital, France.

18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography detection threshold in follicular lymphoma: A case report.

Rationale: Follicular Lymphoma in situ is generally identified as reactive follicular hyperplasia in which some of the hyperplastic germinal centers are colonized by few lymphoma cells. These cells can be detected through their strong 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose avidity.

Patient Concerns: We report the case of a 70 year-old patient with arthralgia, weight loss and chronic fever over two months.

Prospective comparison of F-NaF PET/CT versus F-FDG PET/CT imaging in mandibular extension of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with dedicated analysis software and validation with surgical specimen. A preliminary study.

Background: The aim of this study is to propose a new method to quantify radioactivity with PET/CT imaging in mandibular extension in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), using innovative software, and to compare results with microscopic surgical specimens.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study enrolled 15 patients who underwent F-NaF and F-FDG PET/CT. We compared the delineations of bone invasions obtained with F-NaF PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT with the results of histopathological analysis of mandibular resections (from right and left bone borders).

Florbetapir imaging in cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related hemorrhages.

Objective: To assess whether F-florbetapir, a PET amyloid tracer, could bind vascular amyloid in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) by comparing cortical florbetapir retention during the acute phase between patients with CAA-related lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and patients with hypertension-related deep ICH.

Methods: Patients with acute CAA-related lobar ICH were prospectively enrolled and compared with patients with deep ICH. F-florbetapir PET, brain MRI, and genotype were obtained for all participants.

¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT Imaging in Patients with Febrile Neutropenia and Haematological Malignancies.

The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of hyper-metabolic infection sites revealed by fluorine-18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) in patients with febrile neutropenia (FN). Forty-eight consecutive patients with haematological malignancies and persistent FN (temperature ≥ 38°C and neutrophil count <500 cells/μl for more than two days) as a consequence of intensive chemotherapy were prospectively included. Pathological FDG uptakes identified 31 foci of infections located in the lungs (n=15, 48.

Diagnostic value of ⁹⁹mTc-HMPAO-labeled leukocytes scintigraphy in suspicion of post-sternotomy mediastinitis relapse.

Background: The diagnostic value of radiolabeled white blood cells (WBCs) scintigraphy in mediastinitis is well established, but data in the specific context of relapse are lacking. The present study aimed at evaluation of the diagnostic value of WBCs scintigraphy in suspicion of mediastinitis relapse after prior surgical revision.

Methods And Results: Multiple planar incidences of the chest were acquired 4 and 20 hours after injection of labeled WBC in 43 patients.

Cortical florbetapir-PET amyloid load in prodromal Alzheimer's disease patients.

Background: Florbetapir (AV-45) has been shown to be a reliable tool to assess amyloid load in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) at demential stages. Longitudinal studies also suggest that AV-45 has the ability to bind amyloid in the early stages of AD. In this study, we investigated AV-45 binding and its relation with cognitive performance in a group of patients at the prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, recruited according to strict inclusion criteria.

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography after definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with oesophageal carcinoma.

Background: The purpose of the study was to investigate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography performed after definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced oesophageal carcinoma.

Methods: Forty consecutive patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography at baseline and after chemoradiotherapy completion. Assessment of the clinical complete response to chemoradiotherapy included oesophagoscopy plus biopsies and computed tomography scan.

A false-positive finding in therapeutic evaluation: hypermetabolic axillary lymph node in a lymphoma patient following FDG extravasation.

We report a case of a false-positive finding in FDG PET/CT following radiotracer extravasation. A 15-year-old male patient was referred for therapeutic evaluation status post-chemotherapy for a lymphoblastic lymphoma. FDG PET/CT showed discordant findings with a marked decrease in a liver/hepatic hilum uptake, disappearance of a subcutaneous left supraclavicular uptake, and appearance of intense right axillary nodal uptake.

Amyloid imaging with AV45 ((18)F-florbetapir) in a cognitively normal AβPP duplication carrier.

We report the case of a 62-year-old asymptomatic carrier of AβPP gene duplication. He was investigated by MRI and the amyloid ligand (18)F-AV45, and compared to Alzheimer's disease patients (n = 11) and healthy controls (n = 11). The neuropsychological examination was normal.

Brain perfusion in adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia before and after cytosine arabinoside.

Purpose: High-dose (HD) cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) is a major treatment in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) that can lead to cerebellar complications, although electroencephalogram, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging remain normal. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate brain perfusion with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in adult patients before and after receiving ara-C.

Procedures: Forty-three patients were pre-included, and 20 reached a complete remission.

Leukocyte SPECT/CT for detecting infection of left-ventricular-assist devices: preliminary results.

Unlabelled: We report our experience with using integrated molecular and anatomic hybrid imaging to assess infection in patients who have a left-ventricular-assist device (LVAD).

Methods: Thirteen (99m)Tc-exametazime-leukocyte planar and SPECT/CT scans were obtained for 8 consecutive patients who had an implanted LVAD. SPECT/CT was used to assess suspected device-related infections (n = 8) and to evaluate the efficiency of current antibiotic therapy (n = 5).

Diagnostic and prognostic value of myocardial perfusion gated SPECT in orthotopic heart transplant recipients.

Background: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) limits long-term survival after heart transplantation. Diagnostic and prognostic value of gated single photon emission computed tomography (gated SPECT) has not been documented in this setting.

Methods And Results: We identified 110 consecutive heart transplant recipients (with transplantation >18 months) who underwent stress-rest gated SPECT and coronary angiography within 1 month, and were clinically monitored in a single heart transplantation center.