Aberrant oviduct pathway following vacuum aspiration: A case report and literature review.

We report the case of a patient addressed for abnormal uterine bleeding in the context of secondary infertility. Operative hysteroscopy under sedation showed multiple uterine adhesions (Asherman syndrome) and communication with the pelvic cavity suspecting uterine perforation. Combined laparoscopy showed that the right fallopian tube was incarcerated into the uterine wall.

Multicentre study on rates and reasons for treatment discontinuation in patients with remaining cryopreserved embryos.

Research Question: What is the discontinuation rate among patients with remaining cryopreserved embryos in Belgium and what are the reasons for discontinuation?

Design: Multicentre, cross-sectional study across 11 Belgian fertility clinics. Patients were eligible (n = 1917) if they had previously undergone an unsuccessful fresh embryo transfer (fresh group) or frozen embryo transfer (FET) (in-between group) and did not start a subsequent FET cycle within 1 year despite having remaining cryopreserved embryos. The denominator was all patients with embryos cryopreserved during the same period (2012-2017) (n = 21,329).

An unusual familial Xp22.12 microduplication including EIF1AX: A novel candidate dosage-sensitive gene for premature ovarian insufficiency.

We report on the results of array-CGH and Whole exome sequencing (WES) studies carried out in a Tunisian family with 46,XX premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This study has led to the identification of a familial Xp22.12 tandem duplication with a size of 559.

Efficacy and safety of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with or without letrozole for fertility preservation in breast cancer patients: A multicenter retrospective study.

Introduction: Fertility preservation (FP) is recommended in young breast cancer (BC) patients before (neo)adjuvant treatment. Letrozole-associated controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (LetCOH) is used worldwide to collect mature oocytes for FP, but its efficacy and safety compared to conventional protocols (cCOH) are still debated.

Aims: To compare efficacy and safety of FP procedure using LetCOH or cCOH in BC patients in terms of oocyte maturation rate and disease-free survival rates after at least two years of follow-up.

Impact of cancer on cryopreserved sperm quality and fertility: A cohort study.

Background: Sperm quality at cancer diagnosis is often compromised by the disease and any given gonadotoxic treatment will further diminish fertility.

Objectives: Here, we aim to analyze the cryopreserved sperm quality according to the cancer types as well as the fertility outcomes.

Methods: Our study included all cancer patients who cryopreserved sperm over 20 years at Erasme Hospital Brussels (from 1999 to 2019).

A retrospective study evaluating the impact of scattering radiation from imaging procedures on oocyte quality during ovarian stimulation for fertility preservation in young breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Ovarian stimulation for oocyte and embryo cryopreservation is the standard of care for fertility preservation in young breast cancer patients before gonadotoxic chemotherapy. The procedure should be started as soon as possible to avoid delay of treatment; thus, it is often performed concomitantly with tumor staging assessments. However, questions remain regarding the potential negative impact on oocyte quality that may occur due to exposure to scattered ionizing radiation from imaging techniques when staging assessment is conducted at the same time as ovarian stimulation.

Compound heterozygous null mutations of NOBOX in sisters with delayed puberty and primary amenorrhea.

Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome defined by a premature loss of ovarian function that associates menstrual disturbances and hypergonatropic hypogonadism. POI is a major cause of female infertility affecting 1% of women before the age of 40 and up to 0.01% before the age of 20.

Novel inactivating follicle-stimulating hormone receptor mutations in a patient with premature ovarian insufficiency identified by next-generation sequencing gene panel analysis.

Objective: To find the genetic etiology of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in a patient with primary amenorrhea and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.

Design: Case report.

Setting: University hospital.

Evolution of cumulative live birth and dropout rates over six complete IVF/ICSI cycles: a large prospective cohort study.

Research Question: How do cumulative live birth rates (CLBR), cumulative multiple live birth rates (CMLBR) and dropout rates over six IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles change over time?

Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort (n = 16,073 patients; 48,946 cycles) starting a first fresh assisted reproductive technology cycle between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2016, with follow-up until 31 December 2017. Outcomes between the periods 2014-2017 and 2009-2012 were compared.

Results: Conservative estimates of CLBR after six complete cycles were significantly higher in women younger than 35 years after every cycle: one to three, adjusted P-value [p adj] < 0.

Higher estradiol levels are associated with lower neonatal birthweight after fresh and frozen embryo transfers. A cohort study of 3631 singleton IVF pregnancies.

Aim: To assess the birthweight of neonates conceived after fresh and frozen embryo transfers (FET) and, if different, to investigate whether estradiol levels during the late follicular phase were associated with the observed difference.

Methods: Singleton pregnancies from fresh and FET transfers between January 1990 and December 2013 were compared retrospectively. A total of 2885 singleton pregnancies after fresh embryo transfer and 746 after FET were analyzed.

The Number of X Chromosomes Influences Inflammatory Cytokine Production Following Toll-Like Receptor Stimulation.

Sex differences are observed in the evolution of numerous inflammatory conditions. Women exhibit better clinical courses compared to men in acute inflammatory processes, yet worse prognosis in several chronic inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory markers are significantly different between prepubertal boys and girls, whose sex steroid levels are very low, suggesting genetics play a role.

Letrozole-associated controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in breast cancer patients versus conventional controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in infertile patients: assessment of oocyte quality related biomarkers.

Background: Fertility preservation (FP) protocols in case of breast cancer (BC) include mature oocyte cryopreservation following letrozole associated controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (Let-COH). To date, the impact of Let-COH on the follicular microenvironment has been poorly investigated, although a high androgen/estrogen ratio was previously associated with low oocyte quality.

Methods: In this prospective study, follicular fluid (FF) steroid levels (estradiol, testosterone, progesterone) and cumulus cell (CC) gene expression related to oocyte quality (HAS2, PTGS2, GREM1) were compared between 23 BC patients undergoing Let-COH for FP and 24 infertile patients undergoing conventional COH without letrozole.

What is the best predictor of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in IVF? A cohort study.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to study what is the best predictor of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in IVF.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of all consecutive IVF/intracytoplasmic injection cycles performed during a 5-year period (2009-2014) in a single university fertility centre. All fresh IVF cycles where ovarian stimulation was performed with gonadotrophins and GnRH agonists or antagonists and triggering of final oocyte maturation was induced with the administration of urinary or recombinant hCG were analyzed (2982 patients undergoing 5493 cycles).

Does oocyte donation compared with autologous oocyte IVF pregnancies have a higher risk of preeclampsia?

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pregnancies resulting from oocyte donation have a higher risk of preeclampsia compared with pregnancies after IVF using autologous oocytes. Propensity score matching on maternal age and parity was carried out on a one to one basis, and a total of 144 singleton pregnancies resulting in delivery beyond 22 gestational weeks, achieved by oocyte donation, were compared with 144 pregnancies achieved through IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection with the use of autologous oocytes. All pregnancies were achieved after fresh embryo transfer.

Live birth after autograft of ovarian tissue cryopreserved during childhood.

Ovarian insufficiency is a major long-term adverse event, following the administration of a myeloablative conditioning regimen, and occurring in >80% of children and adolescents receiving such treatment for malignant or non-malignant disease. Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is currently offered to preserve the fertility of these young patients. At least 35 live births have been reported after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in adult patients, but the procedure remains unproven for ovarian tissue harvested at a prepubertal or pubertal age.

A randomized controlled trial comparing two vitrification methods versus slow-freezing for cryopreservation of human cleavage stage embryos.

Purpose: To compare two different vitrification methods to slow freezing method for cryopreservation of human cleavage stage embryos.

Design: Prospective randomised trial.

Setting: University assisted reproduction centre.

Contribution of cryopreservation in a mandatory SET policy: analysis of 5 years of application of law in an academic IVF center.

Objective: To analyse treatment outcomes after SET law enforcement and to evaluate the contribution of cryopreservation in a SET policy.

Material: Embryo transfer cycles performed after the law enforcement (SET period) was retrospectively compared to the cycles performed before the law enforcement (DET period).

Results: Pregnancy and delivery rates after fresh transfer of SET and DET periods were comparable (31.

Live birth after allografting of ovarian cortex between genetically non-identical sisters.

Aggressive chemotherapy generally results in the loss of both endocrine and reproductive functions. If the patient has not undergone previous oocyte, embryo or ovarian tissue cryopreservation, orthotopic allotransplantation of fresh ovarian tissue from a genetically non-identical sister may be considered. Here, we describe a case report.

Fertility preservation: successful transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in a young patient previously treated for Hodgkin's disease.

Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is now offered as an experimental procedure to preserve the fertility of young patients with a high risk for premature ovarian failure resulting from cancer therapy. This is the only available option to preserve the fertility of prepubertal patients treated with gonadotoxic chemotherapy. At present, thousands of patients all over the world have undergone this procedure with the hope of later restoring their fertility.

Impaired ovarian stimulation during in vitro fertilization in women who are seropositive for hepatitis C virus and seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus.

Objective: To analyze the impact of seropositivity with hepatitis C virus (HCV) on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes.

Design: Retrospective, case-controlled study.

Setting: Fertility clinic of academic hospital.