Scam Susceptibility: Thoughts on How to Initially Approach and Manage Patients in a Geriatric Psychiatry Setting.

Recent studies have demonstrated that older adults are more vulnerable to scams because of social isolation, economic affluence, mental disorders, struggles with technology, and cognitive impairments. In this report, we present the case of a 73-year-old man who fell victim to multiple scams over 8 years, leading to a loss of more than $100,000. We also discuss approaches to managing such patients in the outpatient setting.

Preventing cognitive decline by reducing BP target (PCOT): A randomized, pragmatic, multi-health systems clinical trial.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that intensive lowering of systolic blood pressure (BP) may prevent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, current guidelines provide inconsistent recommendations regarding optimal BP targets, citing safety concerns of excessive BP lowering in the diverse population of older adults. We are conducting a pragmatic trial to determine if an implementation strategy to reduce systolic BP to <130 and diastolic BP to <80 mmHg will safely slow cognitive decline in older adults with hypertension when compared to patients receiving usual care.

A Critical Review of Neuropsychological Actuarial Criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: The concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has evolved since its original conception. So, too, have MCI diagnostic methods, all of which have varying degrees of success in identifying individuals at risk of conversion to dementia. The neuropsychological actuarial method is a straightforward diagnostic approach that has shown promise in large datasets in identifying individuals with MCI who are likely to have progressive courses.

Pregnancy-related stroke through a neuropsychology lens.

: Stroke represents a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant and postpartum people. While pregnancy-related stroke has drawn increased attention in certain domains of health research (e.g.

Impact of word properties on list learning: An explanatory item analysis.

Objective: A variety of factors affect list learning performance and relatively few studies have examined the impact of word selection on these tests. This study examines the effect of both language and memory processing of individual words on list learning.

Method: Item-response data from 1,219 participants, = 74.

Validation of a Bayesian Diagnostic and Inferential Model for Evidence-Based Neuropsychological Practice.

Objective: Evidence-based diagnostic methods have clinical and research applications in neuropsychology. A flexible Bayesian model was developed to yield diagnostic posttest probabilities from a single person's neuropsychological score profile by utilizing sample descriptive statistics of the test battery across diagnostic populations of interest.

Methods: Three studies examined the model's performance.

Predictors of Life Expectancy in Autopsy-Confirmed Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Life expectancy (LE) following Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly variable. The literature to date is limited by smaller sample sizes and clinical diagnoses.

Objective: No study to date has evaluated predictors of AD LE in a retrospective large autopsy-confirmed sample, which was the primary objective of this study.

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores in medically compromised patients: A scoping review.

Objective: The purpose of this review is to critically examine studies that have examined investigated the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and functional or medical outcomes and other health variables in patients with non-neurologic medical conditions.

Method: Databases OVID Medline and Embase were systematically searched through April 2020, yielding 281 articles that were separately screened for inclusion. Study characteristics extracted from retained articles are presented in Table S1 (online supplemental materials).

Patient Satisfaction with Telephone Neuropsychological Assessment.

Objective: Telephone-based neuropsychological assessment (TeleNP) has been shown to be a valid alternative to in-person or video-based assessment. However, there is limited information regarding patients' satisfaction with TeleNP. This report presents satisfaction survey data from a diverse, clinical sample who received TeleNP during the coronavirus disease pandemic.

Cognitive Assessment via Telephone: A Scoping Review of Instruments.

Objective: Telephone-based cognitive assessment (TBCA) has long been studied but less widely adopted in routine neuropsychological practice. Increased interest in remote neuropsychological assessment techniques in the face of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic warrants an updated review of relevant remote assessment literature. While recent reviews of videoconference-based neuropsychological applications have been published, no updated compilation of empirical TBCA research has been completed.

Factor Structure of the CVLT-II Short Form: Evidence From a Trauma-Exposed Sample.

The current study sought to investigate the factor structure of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II) Short Form in a trauma-exposed sample. We used confirmatory factor analysis to test four competing models proposed by Donders in a study investigating the CVLT-II Standard Form. Consistent with Donders, a four-factor model consisting of Attention Span, Learning Efficiency, Delayed Memory, and Inaccurate Memory was supported.

DSM Nosology Changes in Neuropsychological Diagnoses through the Years: A Look at ADHD and Mild Neurocognitive Disorder.

This article discusses the evolution of modern neuropsychology as a field and the concomitant changes in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Themes in neuropsychology through the years will be highlighted alongside discussion of how neuropsychologists and neuropsychological research have influenced and have been influenced by the DSM. The DSM 5 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mild neurocognitive disorder will be used as examples to reflect the evolution of the disorders in relation to neuropsychology and the DSM.

Bimodal Virtual Reality Stroop for Assessing Distractor Inhibition in Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Executive functioning deficits found in college students with ASD may have debilitating effects on their everyday activities. Although laboratory studies tend to report unimpaired inhibition in autism, studies of resistance to distractor inhibition reveal difficulties. In two studies, we compared a Virtual Classroom task with paper-and-pencil and computerized Stroop modalities in typically developing individuals and individuals with ASD.

The potential of function-led virtual environments for ecologically valid measures of executive function in experimental and clinical neuropsychology.

The assessment of executive functions is an integral task of neuropsychological assessment. Traditional measures of executive function are often based on hypothetical constructs that may have little relevance to real-world behaviours. In fact, some traditional tests utilised today were not originally developed for clinical use.