Image quality and radiation doses in abdominal CT: A multicenter study.

Purpose: To benchmark image quality and corresponding radiation doses for acute abdominal CT examination across different laboratories and CT manufacturers.

Method: An anthropomorphic phantom was scanned once with local abdominal CT protocols at 40 CT scanners, from four vendors, in thirty-three sites. Quantitative image quality was evaluated by CNR and SNR in the liver and kidney parenchyma.

Effectiveness of digital home rehabilitation and supervision for stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Stroke survivors often experience residual impairments and motor decline post-discharge. While digital home rehabilitation combined with supervision could be a promising approach for reducing human resources, increasing motor ability, and supporting rehabilitation persistence there is a lack of reviews synthesizing the effects. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the effect of digital home rehabilitation and supervision in improving motor ability of upper limb, static balance, stroke-related quality of life, and self-reported arm function among stroke survivors.

Demographic, Medical, and Clinical Characteristics of a Population-Based Sample of Patients With Long-lasting Locked-In Syndrome.

Background And Objectives: Patients with classic locked-in syndrome (LIS), typically caused by ventral pontine stroke, present with quadriplegia, mutism, intact consciousness, and communication skills limited to vertical gazing and/or blinking. Clinical presentations and definitions of differ, especially regarding incomplete LIS. In our study, we explored the functional diversity of LIS, its outcomes, and the complexity of its course along with variations in the location of lesions and their potential significance for outcomes.

Improved image quality with deep learning reconstruction - a study on a semi-anthropomorphic upper-abdomen phantom.

Purpose: To assess image quality of a deep learning reconstruction (DLR) algorithm across dose levels using a semi-anthropomorphic upper-abdominal phantom, and compare with filtered back projection (FBP) and hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR).

Material And Methods: CT scans obtained at five dose levels (CTDI 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mGy) were reconstructed with FBP, hybrid IR (IR50, IR70 and IR90) and DLR of low (DLL), medium (DLM) and high strength (DLH) in 0.625 mm and 2.

Iterative reconstruction improves image quality and reduces radiation dose in trauma protocols; A human cadaver study.

Background: Radiation-related cancer risk is an object of concern in CT of trauma patients, as these represent a young population. Different radiation reducing methods, including iterative reconstruction (IR), and spilt bolus techniques have been introduced in the recent years in different large scale trauma centers.

Purpose: To compare image quality in human cadaver exposed to thoracoabdominal computed tomography using IR and standard filtered back-projection (FBP) at different dose levels.

Three-stage segmentation of lung region from CT images using deep neural networks.

Background: Lung region segmentation is an important stage of automated image-based approaches for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. Manual methods executed by experts are considered the gold standard, but it is time consuming and the accuracy is dependent on radiologists' experience. Automated methods are relatively fast and reproducible with potential to facilitate physician interpretation of images.

Improved image quality in abdominal computed tomography reconstructed with a novel Deep Learning Image Reconstruction technique - initial clinical experience.

Background: A novel Deep Learning Image Reconstruction (DLIR) technique for computed tomography has recently received clinical approval.

Purpose: To assess image quality in abdominal computed tomography reconstructed with DLIR, and compare with standardly applied iterative reconstruction.

Material And Methods: Ten abdominal computed tomography scans were reconstructed with iterative reconstruction and DLIR of medium and high strength, with 0.

BENCHMARKING OF A NEW AUTOMATIC CT RADIATION DOSE CALCULATOR.

Information on patient radiation dose is essential to meet the radiation protection regulations and the demands of dose optimization. Vendors have developed different tools for patient dose assessment for radiological purposes. In this study, estimated effective doses derived from a new image-based software tool (DoseWatch, GE Healthcare) was benchmarked against the corresponding doses from a dose calculator (CT-Expo, SASCRAD) and a conversion coefficient method.

Image Quality Measured From Ultra-Low Dose Chest Computed Tomography Examination Protocols Using 6 Different Iterative Reconstructions From 4 Vendors, a Phantom Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate image quality of ultra-low dose chest computed tomography using 6 iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms.

Method: A lung phantom was scanned on 4 computed tomography scanners using fixed tube voltages and the lowest mAs available on each scanner, resulting in dose levels of 0.1 to 0.

Digital Mammography versus Breast Tomosynthesis: Impact of Breast Density on Diagnostic Performance in Population-based Screening.

BackgroundPrevious studies comparing digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) to digital mammography (DM) have shown conflicting results regarding breast density and diagnostic performance.PurposeTo compare true-positive and false-positive interpretations in DM versus DBT according to volumetric density, age, and mammographic findings.Materials and MethodsFrom November 2010 to December 2012, 24 301 women aged 50-69 years (mean age, 59.

Ultra-low dose chest computed tomography: Effect of iterative reconstruction levels on image quality.

Purpose: To optimize image quality and radiation dose of chest CT with respect to various iterative reconstruction levels, detector collimations and body sizes.

Method: A Kyoto Kagaku Lungman with and without extensions was scanned using fixed ultra-low doses of 0.25, 0.

Image quality with iterative reconstruction techniques in CT of the lungs-A phantom study.

Background: Iterative reconstruction techniques for reducing radiation dose and improving image quality in CT have proved to work differently for different patient sizes, dose levels, and anatomical areas.

Purpose: This study aims to compare image quality in CT of the lungs between four high-end CT scanners using the recommended reconstruction techniques at different dose levels and patient sizes.

Material And Methods: A lung phantom and an image quality phantom were scanned with four high-end scanners at fixed dose levels.

Pre-dosing with lilotomab prior to therapy with Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan significantly increases the ratio of tumor to red marrow absorbed dose in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients.

Purpose: Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan is a novel anti-CD37 antibody radionuclide conjugate for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Four arms with different combinations of pre-dosing and pre-treatment have been investigated in a first-in-human phase 1/2a study for relapsed CD37+ indolent NHL. The aim of this work was to determine the tumor and normal tissue absorbed doses for all four arms, and investigate possible variations in the ratios of tumor to organs-at-risk absorbed doses.

Average glandular dose in paired digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis acquisitions in a population based screening program: effects of measuring breast density, air kerma and beam quality.

The main purpose was to compare average glandular dose (AGD) for same-compression digital mammography (DM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) acquisitions in a population based screening program, with and without breast density stratification, as determined by automatically calculated breast density (Quantra). Secondary, to compare AGD estimates based on measured breast density, air kerma and half value layer (HVL) to DICOM metadata based estimates. AGD was estimated for 3819 women participating in the screening trial.

EVALUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION DOSE IN TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION.

Occupational doses during fluoroscopy in interventional procedures vary largely (Kim et al. (Occupational radiation doses to operators performing cardiac catheterization procedures. Health Phys.

100 days with scans of the same Catphan phantom on the same CT scanner.

Quality control (QC) of CT scanners is important to evaluate image quality and radiation dose. Different QC phantoms for testing image quality parameters on CT are commercially available, and Catphan phantoms are widely used for this purpose. More data from measured image quality parameters on CT are necessary to assess test methods, tolerance levels, and test frequencies.

[Radiation-induced cataracts].

The dose limit for the lens of the eye for occupationally exposed workers that is stipulated in the Norwegian Regulation on radiation protection is based on outdated threshold doses for radiation-induced cataracts. Recent studies have shown that injuries may occur at significantly lower radiation doses than previously assumed. The results from the new studies will impact upon future legislation and recommendations regarding radiation hygiene for personnel in x-ray laboratories and operating theatres who may be exposed to significant radiation doses in the course of their work.

Can use of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction reduce radiation dose in unenhanced head CT? An analysis of qualitative and quantitative image quality.

Background: Iterative reconstruction can reduce image noise and thereby facilitate dose reduction.

Purpose: To evaluate qualitative and quantitative image quality for full dose and dose reduced head computed tomography (CT) protocols reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP) and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR).

Material And Methods: Fourteen patients undergoing follow-up head CT were included.

How Different Iterative and Filtered Back Projection Kernels Affect Computed Tomography Numbers and Low Contrast Detectability.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate how different iterative and filtered back projection kernels affect the computed tomography (CT) numbers and low contrast detectability.

Methods: Five different scans were performed at 6 different tube potentials on the same Catphan 600 phantom using approximately the same dose level and otherwise identical settings. The scans were reconstructed using all available filtered back projection body kernels and with iterative reconstruction techniques.

Tumor-Absorbed Dose for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated with the Anti-CD37 Antibody Radionuclide Conjugate 177Lu-Lilotomab Satetraxetan.

Unlabelled: Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan is a novel antibody radionuclide conjugate currently tested in a phase 1/2a first-in-human dosage escalation trial for patients with relapsed CD37+ indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The aim of this work was to develop dosimetric methods and calculate tumor-absorbed radiation doses for patients treated with Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan.

Methods: Patients were treated at escalating injected activities (10, 15 and 20 MBq/kg) of Lu-lilotomab satetraxetan and with different predosing, with or without 40 mg of unlabeled lilotomab.

Image Quality in Oncologic Chest Computerized Tomography With Iterative Reconstruction: A Phantom Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to validate iterative reconstruction technique in oncologic chest computed tomography (CT).

Methods: An anthropomorphic thorax phantom with 4 simulated tumors was scanned on a 64-slice CT scanner with 2 different iterative reconstruction techniques: one model based (MBIR) and one hybrid (ASiR). Dose levels of 14.

Image texture and radiation dose properties in CT.

The aim of this study was to compare image noise properties of GE Discovery HD 750 and Toshiba Aquilion ONE. The uniformity section of a Catphan 600 image quality assurance phantom was scanned with both scanners, at different dose levels and with extension rings simulating patients of different sizes. 36 datasets were obtained and analyzed in terms of noise power spectrum.

BI-RADS Density Classification From Areometric and Volumetric Automatic Breast Density Measurements.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of our study was to classify breast density using areometric and volumetric automatic measurements to best match Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) density scores, and determine which technique best agrees with BI-RADS. Second, this study aimed to provide a set of threshold values for areometric and volumetric density to estimate BI-RADS categories.

Materials And Methods: We randomly selected 537 full-field digital mammography examinations from a population-based screening program.

Classification of fatty and dense breast parenchyma: comparison of automatic volumetric density measurement and radiologists' classification and their inter-observer variation.

Background: Automatically calculated breast density is a promising alternative to subjective BI-RADS density assessment. However, such software needs a cutoff value for density classification.

Purpose: To determine the volumetric density threshold which classifies fatty and dense breasts with highest accuracy compared to average BI-RADS density assessment, and to analyze radiologists' inter-observer variation.

Improved Liver Lesion Conspicuity With Iterative Reconstruction in Computed Tomography Imaging.

Studies on iterative reconstruction techniques on computed tomographic (CT) scanners show reduced noise and changed image texture. The purpose of this study was to address the possibility of dose reduction and improved conspicuity of lesions in a liver phantom for different iterative reconstruction algorithms. An anthropomorphic upper abdomen phantom, specially designed for receiver operating characteristic analysis was scanned with 2 different CT models from the same vendor, GE CT750 HD and GE Lightspeed VCT.