Adult use cannabis legalization and cannabis use disorder treatment in California, 2010-2021.

Introduction: Many nations and jurisdictions have legalized non-medical adult use of cannabis, or are considering doing so. This paper contributes to knowledge of adult use legalization's associations with cannabis use disorder (CUD) treatment utilization.

Methods: This study collected data from a dataset of all publicly funded substance use disorder treatment delivered in California from 2010 to 2021 (1,460,066 episodes).

Associations between cannabis policies and state-level specialty cannabis use disorder treatment in the United States, 2004-2019.

Background: Cannabis use disorder (CUD) treatment prevalence decreased in the US between 2002 and 2019, yet structural mechanisms for this decrease are poorly understood. We tested associations between cannabis laws becoming effective and self-reported CUD treatment.

Methods: Restricted-use 2004-2019 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health included people ages 12+ classified as needing CUD treatment (i.

Cannabis and Alcohol Use by U.S. Young Adults, 2008-2019: Changes in Prevalence After Recreational Cannabis Legalization.

Introduction: Young adults' cannabis and alcohol use patterns have changed after state recreational cannabis legalization according to studies based on college samples but not nationally representative samples. Associations between recreational cannabis legalization and changes in cannabis and alcohol use outcomes among young adults were examined, including differences by college enrollment and minor status (ages 18-20 vs 21-23 years).

Methods: Repeated cross-sectional data (2008-2019) were collected from college-eligible participants aged 18-23 years in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Recreational cannabis legislation and binge drinking in U.S. adolescents and adults.

Background: Recreational cannabis laws (RCLs) may have spillover effects on binge drinking. Our aims were to investigate binge drinking time trends and the association between RCLs and changes in binge drinking in the United States (U.S.

The Effect of the Drug Medi-Cal Organized Delivery System 1115 Demonstration Waiver on Substance Use Disorder Treatment Access: Evidence from California.

Background: In August 2015, the California Department of Health Care Services created the Drug Medi-Cal Organized Delivery System 1115 demonstration waiver (DMC-ODS waiver) to improve service delivery to Medi-Cal-eligible individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD). We examine if implementing the DMC-ODS waiver across California counties improved patient access to SUD treatment services.

Methods: We use administrative data from 2016 to 2020 from a reporting system for all publicly-funded SUD treatment services delivered in California and employ difference-in-differences and event study empirical strategies exploiting the differential timing of DMC-ODS waiver adoption across counties.

Cannabis Recreational Legalization and Prevalence of Simultaneous Cannabis and Alcohol Use in the United States.

Background: Simultaneous cannabis/alcohol use, using both substances within a short time interval so that their effects overlap, has a greater risk of potential negative consequences than single-substance use and is more common in younger age. Relationships between recreational cannabis laws (RCLs) and changes in simultaneous cannabis/alcohol use prevalence remain untested.

Objective: To examine trends in simultaneous cannabis/alcohol use from 2008 to 2019, and investigate associations between implementation of RCLs (i.

Assessment of State and Federal Health Policies for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond.

Importance: Federal and state governments implemented temporary strategies for providing access to opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Advocates hope many of these policies become permanent because of their potential to expand access to care.

Objective: To consider the multitude of ways access to and utilization of treatment for individuals with OUD might have been expanded by state and federal policy so researchers can do a better job evaluating the effectiveness of specific policy approaches, which will depend on the interaction with other state policies.

Rating the comparative efficacy of state-level cannabis policies on recreational cannabis markets in the United States.

Background: Cannabis policy is developing faster than empirical evidence about policy effects. With a panel of experts in substance use policy development and research, we identified key cannabis policies and their provisions enacted by U.S.

Medical conditions of primary care patients with documented cannabis use and cannabis use disorder in electronic health records: a case control study from an academic health system in a medical marijuana state.

Background: Approximately 3.8% of adults worldwide have used cannabis in the past year. Understanding how cannabis use is associated with other health conditions is crucial for healthcare providers seeking to understand the needs of their patients, and for health policymakers.

Medical marijuana laws and adolescent marijuana use in the United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in order to estimate the effect of US medical marijuana laws (MMLs) on past-month marijuana use prevalence among adolescents.

Methods: A total of 2999 papers from 17 literature sources were screened systematically. Eleven studies, developed from four ongoing large national surveys, were meta-analyzed.

Home Health Care for California's Injured Workers: Options for Implementing a Fee Schedule.

The California Department of Industrial Relations/Division of Worker's Compensation asked RAND to provide technical assistance in developing a fee schedule for home health services provided to injured workers. The fee schedule needs to address the full spectrum of home health services ranging from skilled nursing and therapy services to unskilled personal care or chore services that may be provided by family members. RAND researchers consulted with stakeholders in the California workers' compensation system to outline issues the fee schedule should address, reviewed home health fee schedules used by other payers, and conducted interviews with WC administrators from other jurisdictions to elicit their experiences.

Words Can Be Deceiving: A Review of Variation Among Legally Effective Medical Marijuana Laws in the United States.

When voters in two US states approved the recreational use of marijuana in 2012, public debates for how best to promote and protect public health and safety started drawing implications from states' medical marijuana laws. However, many of the discussions were simplified to the notion that states either have a medical marijuana law or do not; little reference was made to the fact that legal provisions differ across states. This study seeks to clarify the characteristics of medical marijuana laws in place since 1990 that are most relevant to consumers/patients and categorizes those aspects most likely to affect the prevalence of use, and consequently the intensity of public health and welfare effects.