Impact of Simulated Caloric Reduction on Nutrient Adequacy Among U.S. Adults with Overweight or Obesity (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES] 2015-2018).

Background: Current guidelines for the treatment of obesity recommend dietary restriction to create a caloric deficit, and caloric reductions of 16% to 68% have been achieved in adults with overweight or obesity engaging in intentional weight loss programs.

Objectives: This study models the impact of simulated caloric reduction on nutrient adequacy among U.S.

Change in plasma α-tocopherol associations with attenuated pulmonary function decline and with CYP4F2 missense variation.

Background: Vitamin E (vitE) is hypothesized to attenuate age-related decline in pulmonary function.

Objectives: We investigated the association between change in plasma vitE (∆vitE) and pulmonary function decline [forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)] and examined genetic and nongenetic factors associated with ∆vitE.

Methods: We studied 1144 men randomly assigned to vitE in SELECT (Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial).

Association between Ready-to-Eat Cereal Consumption and Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Adequacy, and Diet Quality in Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016.

This study examined differences in dietary intake between ready-to-eat cereal eaters and non-eaters in adults from the United States. Participants ( = 5163) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016 were included. One-day dietary recall was used to define ready-to-eat cereal consumption status and estimate dietary intake in eaters and non-eaters.

AKT network of genes and impaired myocardial contractility during murine acute Chagasic myocarditis.

Chagasic disease is associated with high morbidity in Latin America. Acute Chagasic myocarditis is consistently found in acute infections, but little is known about its contribution to chronic cardiomyopathy. The aim of the study was to phenotypically characterize two strains of mice with differential Chagas infection susceptibility and correlate strain myocarditis phenotypes with heart tissue gene expression.

Differential expression of vitamin E and selenium-responsive genes by disease severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Antioxidant nutritional status is hypothesized to influence chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility and progression. Although past studies relate antioxidants to gene expression, there are no data in patients with COPD. This study investigated the hypothesis that antioxidant status is compromised in patients with COPD, and antioxidant-responsive genes differentially express in a similar pattern.

Polymorphisms in the SUFU gene are associated with organ injury protection and sepsis severity in patients with Enterobacteriacea bacteremia.

Background: Organ injury including acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute lung Injury (ALI) are major contributors to mortality and morbidity in the setting of sepsis. Hedgehog pathway has been recognized as an important mediator in repair of organ injury. There are some clinical predictors associated with the development of organ injury in sepsis; however few host genetic risk factors have been identified and candidate genes for organ injury susceptibility and severity are largely unknown.

Randomised vitamin E supplementation and risk of chronic lung disease in the Women's Health Study.

Background: The oxidant/antioxidant balance in lung tissue is hypothesised to contribute to the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Observational studies consistently report higher antioxidant status associated with lower COPD risk, but few randomised studies have been reported.

Methods: A post hoc analysis of 38,597 women without chronic lung disease at baseline was conducted in the Women's Health Study (WHS) to test the effect of vitamin E on the risk of incident chronic lung disease.