Evaluation of Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (GA-68 PSMA PET/CT) in recurrent prostate cancer: a retrospective review of initial clinical experience at Tygerberg Hospital.

Introduction: prostate cancer recurrence after definitive therapy for organ-confined disease often manifests as rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels without clinically overt disease. Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (GaPSMA PET/CT) imaging plays a major role in the management of recurrent prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the positivity rate of Ga PSMA PET/CT scans in cases of prostate cancer recurrence, and to compare the results with existing international literature.

HIV status does not have an impact on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) findings or radiotherapy treatment recommendations in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.

Introduction: Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging is commonly used to identify nodal involvement in locally advanced cervical carcinoma, but its appropriateness for that purpose among HIV-positive patients has rarely been studied. We analyzed PET-CT findings and subsequent treatment prescribed in patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma in Cape Town, South Africa.

Methods: We identified a cohort of consecutive cervical carcinoma patients International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB to IIIB at our cancer center who underwent a planning 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT scan from January 2015 through December 2018.

Pattern of presentation of Graves' disease and response to radioiodine therapy in South African men.

Introduction: Typically hyperthyroidism has been more often associated with the female gender. There is a large female predilection (male:female sex ratio up to 1:10), with little documentation in the literature about wholly male hyperthyroid populations. A male incidence of 0.

Persisting positron emission tomography lesion activity and Mycobacterium tuberculosis mRNA after tuberculosis cure.

The absence of a gold standard to determine when antibiotics induce a sterilizing cure has confounded the development of new approaches to treat pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). We detected positron emission tomography and computerized tomography (PET-CT) imaging response patterns consistent with active disease, along with the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) mRNA in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples, in a substantial proportion of adult, HIV-negative patients with PTB after a standard 6-month treatment plus 1 year follow-up, including patients with a durable cure and others who later developed recurrent disease. The presence of MTB mRNA in the context of nonresolving and intensifying lesions on PET-CT images might indicate ongoing transcription, suggesting that even apparently curative treatment for PTB may not eradicate all of the MTB bacteria in most patients.

Results of a Prospective Multicenter International Atomic Energy Agency Sentinel Node Trial on the Value of SPECT/CT Over Planar Imaging in Various Malignancies.

Unlabelled: We aimed to assess the additional value of SPECT/CT over planar lymphoscintigraphy (PI) in sentinel node (SN) detection in malignancies with different lymphatic drainage such as breast cancer, melanoma, and pelvic tumors.

Methods: From 2010 to 2013, 1,508 patients were recruited in a multicenter study: 1,182 breast cancer, 262 melanoma, and 64 pelvic malignancies (prostate, cervix, penis, vulva). PI was followed by SPECT/CT 1-3 h after injection of (99m)Tc-colloid particles.

The role of FDG-PET in the interim evaluation of therapy response in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The significance of FDG PET in the interim follow-up of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma to evaluate therapy response is currently being debated. Reports with discordant results have been published. Several authors have reported a low positive predictive value when using FDG PET to evaluate interim therapy response.

Should SPECT-CT replace SPECT for the evaluation of equivocal bone scan lesions in patients with underlying malignancies?

Introduction: Bone scintigraphy is used extensively in evaluating metastatic disease. There are currently no clear recommendations for the use of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT in metastatic bone disease. Given its limited availability there is a need to identify the clinical indications for which SPECT/CT is clearly beneficial in influencing patient care and outcome.

Assessing the need for nuclear cardiology and other advanced cardiac imaging modalities in the developing world.

Background: In 2005, 80% of cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths occurred in low- to middle-income countries (i.e., developing nations).

The contribution of bone SPECT to the diagnosis of bone metastases in an African population.

Background: A number of studies have demonstrated the value of performing spinal SPECT in addition to planar scintigraphy for the diagnosis of bone metastases. This has not been demonstrated in an African population, however, where patients typically present with more advanced disease.

Aim: To investigate the contribution of bone SPECT to the diagnosis of bone metastases in an African population.

Silent angiodysplasia and occult haemobilia as rare but treatable causes of refractory iron deficiency--two case reports.

Once menorrhagia has been excluded in females then, in both sexes, the gastrointestinal tract remains the commonest site for haemorrhage. This may be of surprisingly large volume but intermittent and therefore not universally demonstrated on stool testing. However, if loss is persistent it may nevertheless culminate in absolute iron deficiency and thus, even when occult blood is not present on repeated examinations, quantitation using chromium labelled red cells becomes invaluable.