In vitro antioxidant, anticancer and in silico studies of polyphenol enriched leaf extract of Asystasia gangetica.

Polyphenols are natural biomolecules known for circumventing several diseases including cancer with little adverse effects. This study aimed to investigate the polyphenol enriched fractions from the leaf extract of Asystasia gangetica for their composition, biological activities such as antioxidant activity, haemolytic effects, and in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. LC-MS/MS analysis of the enriched fractions identified a total of 35 distinct polyphenols with caffeic acid, luteolin, apigenin, and protocatechuic acid at higher concentrations.

Correlation of various serum biomarkers with the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Unlabelled: Hyperglycemia induced inflammation and angiogenic factors are implicated as a contributor to the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are inflammatory cytokines which induce retinal VEGF and are involved in the progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Therefore the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between diabetic retinopathy and systemic inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Protective effect of alpha glucosyl hesperidin (G-hesperidin) on chronic vanadium induced testicular toxicity and sperm nuclear DNA damage in male Sprague Dawley rats.

The study was conducted to evaluate the vanadium-induced testicular toxicity and its effect on sperm parameters, sperm nuclear DNA damage and histological alterations in Sprague Dawley rats and to assess the protective effect of G-hesperidin against this damage. Treatment of rats with vanadium at a dose of 1 mg kg bw(-1) for 90 days resulted in significant reduction in serum testosterone levels, sperm count and motility. Further, a parallel increase in abnormal sperm morphology and adverse histopathological changes in testis was also associated with vanadium administration when compared to normal control.

Cardioprotective activity of chalcones in ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction in albino rats.

Background: There is a comprehensive body of experimental and clinical evidence suggesting that exogenous supplementation of natural antioxidants or augmentation of endogenous antioxidants attenuates the damage caused by myocardial infarction.

Objective: To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of Cl-chalcone and F-chalcone against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

Methods: Myocardial infarct size was measured using the staining agent 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride.

Partial role of multiple pathways in infarct size limiting effect of quercetin and rutin against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Background: Reperfusion therapy used in the treatment of cerebral ischemia often causes reperfusion neurological injury. Multiple pathological processes are involved in this injury including oxidative stress and components of the inflammatory response appear to play key roles in these deleterious effects. Thus new therapeutic strategies aimed at neutralization of OS-induced neurotoxicity support the application of natural antioxidant bioflavonoids.

Immunostimulant, cerebroprotective & nootropic activities of Andrographis paniculata leaves extract in normal & type 2 diabetic rats.

Background & Objectives: A large number of plants have been recognized to be effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Persistent hyperglycaemia is associated with decreased function of immune system and cerebral ischaemia mainly due to increased oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Andrographis paniculata is a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine for various purposes.

Protective Effect of Rutin and Naringin on Sperm Quality in Streptozotocin (STZ) Induced Type 1 Diabetic Rats.

Oxidative stress is one of the important causes of the type 1 diabetes induced changes in the sperm quality. Bioflavonoids, Rutin 10 mg/Kg and Naringin 10 mg/Kg were evaluated for their protective effects on sperm parameters, oxidative stress, and histopathology of type 1 diabetic rats. Results demonstrated the reduction in sperm count, sperm motility and vitality in diabetic rats.

Cardioprotective actions of two bioflavonoids, quercetin and rutin, in experimental myocardial infarction in both normal and streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats.

Objectives: Revascularization therapy is the mainstay of treatment in the management of myocardial infarction in normal and diabetic patients. We attempted to evaluate the cardioprotective actions of quercetin and rutin in ischaemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction in both normal and diabetic rats.

Methods: Myocardial infarct size was measured using the staining agent 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazoliumchloride.

Therapeutic potential of sulindac against ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction in diabetic and nondiabetic rats.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is also associated with increased susceptibility to cardiovascular complications. It has been suggested that alterations in glucose metabolism and glucose flux via the aldose reductase pathway make the diabetic heart more sensitive to ischemic-reperfusion injury. Previous studies have found sulindac to have inhibitory and anti-inflammatory effects on aldose reductase.

Anti-atherosclerotic effect of atorvastatin and clopidogrel alone and in combination in rats.

Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels due to the accumulation of macrophage white blood cells and low density lipoproteins. Effects of atorvastatin, a recently introduced lipid lowering statin was studied alone and in combination with clopidogrel in high fat diet fed atherosclerotic rats orally. Results showed significant reduction in total serum cholesterol and malondialdehyde levels and significant improvement in urine creatinine levels.

Preparation and characterization of quercetin and rutin cyclodextrin inclusion complexes.

The objective of the present study is to prepare and characterize cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of quercetin and rutin to improve their aqueous solubility and dissolution properties. Inclusion complexes of quercetin and rutin with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and hydroxyl propyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) were prepared by kneading and coevaporation methods. Characterization of inclusion complexes was done by phase solubility analysis and was supported by X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier-transform infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis.

The influence of sulindac on diabetic cardiomyopathy: a non-invasive evaluation by Doppler echocardiography in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective activity of sulindac as an aldose reductase inhibitor in the development of cardiomyopathy by non-invasive techniques; M-mode and Doppler echocardiography. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, iv) in the Sprague-Dawley rats. Echocardiography, biochemical and histological studies were carried out in normal control, diabetic untreated, diabetic vehicle (sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, 1%, po) and sulindac (6 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, po) treated animals at varying time intervals.

Partial reversal by rutin and quercetin of impaired cardiac function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effects of the cyclodextrin complexes quercetin and rutin on left ventricle dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body mass, i.v.

Evaluation of hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effects of Datura metel (Linn.) seeds in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

The seed powder of Datura metel was tested for its hypoglycemic activity in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Graded doses (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg, p.o.

Antidiabetic activity of a polyherbal preparation (tincture of panchparna) in normal and diabetic rats.

The present work was executed to evaluate the anti-diabetic potency of a polyherbal formulation, and its influence on derangement in the metabolism of glucose and cholesterol and changes in sodium levels in serum and urine in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Serum glucose and serum cholesterol levels were found to be increased in diabetic animals. Serum sodium and urinary sodium, hepatic glycogen levels are found to be decreased in diabetic state.