Cerebral Infectious Opportunistic Lesions in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: The Challenge of Diagnosis and Clinical Management.

Central nervous system (CNS) lesions, especially invasive fungal diseases (IFDs), in immunocompromised patients pose a great challenge in diagnosis and treatment. We report the case of a 48-year-old man with acute myeloid leukaemia and probable pulmonary aspergillosis, who developed hyposthenia of the left upper limb, after achieving leukaemia remission and while on voriconazole. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed oedematous CNS lesions with a haemorrhagic component in the right hemisphere with lepto-meningitis.

Rapid clearance of HCV-related splenic marginal zone lymphoma under an interferon-free, NS3/NS4A inhibitor-based treatment. A case report.

Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) may lead to B cell activation and transformation into non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Molecular mechanisms of B cell transformation by HCV are poorly understood. One of the most common lymphoproliferative disorders in HCV-infected patients is splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL).

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) development is associated with mutations in JC virus capsid protein VP1 that change its receptor specificity.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a fatal demyelinating disease caused by JC virus (JCV) infection of oligodendrocytes, may develop in patients with immune disorders following reactivation of chronic benign infection. Mutations of JCV capsid viral protein 1 (VP1), the capsid protein involved in binding to sialic acid cell receptors, might favor PML onset. Cerebrospinal fluid sequences from 37/40 PML patients contained one of several JCV VP1 amino acid mutations, which were also present in paired plasma but not urine sequences despite the same viral genetic background.