Utility of SIFT-MS to evaluate volatile organic compounds in nephropathic patients' breath.

Several studies highlighted a correlation between exhaled air volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and some pathological conditions, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic liver disease, etc. In fact, in literature has been reported that CKD is characterized by an increased concentration of ammonia, trimethylamine (TMA) and isoprene compared to healthy subjects. Currently, there is not a validate and standardized method to detect VOCs.

The Impact of Functional Bars and Adapted Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a public health problem because it is characterized by several comorbidities, including uremic sarcopenia (US), and a poor quality of life. Currently, there are no standardized treatments available to counteract the onset of US but only some possible therapeutic approaches to slow its progression. The aim of this pilot study is to collect descriptive data in order to design a clinical trial based on the power analysis and simple size.

Effects of Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA) in COVID-19 Early Stages: A Case-Control Study.

Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA), a compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, appears to be a potential adjuvant treatment for early stages of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In our study, we enrolled 90 patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 that were randomized into two groups, homogeneous for age, gender and BMI. The first group received oral supplementation based on um-PEA at a dose of 1800 mg/day for a total of 28 days; the second group was the control group (R.

Oleuropein from olive leaf extracts and extra-virgin olive oil provides distinctive phenolic profiles and modulation of microbiota in the large intestine.

The interest in the modulation of gut microbiota by polyphenols from olives and derived products is increasing. In this work, phenolic leaf extracts (PLE) were in vitro faecal fermented to evaluate the changes in phenolic profiles and the impact on microbiota, using a commercial extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) as reference. The in vitro fermentation decreased oleuropein content in PLE, determining an increase of hydroxytyrosol and other phenolic metabolites.

Analysis of aroma and polyphenolic compounds in Saperavi red wine vinified in Qvevri.

The purpose of this study is to analyze and characterize a Georgian red wine from Saperavi grape, obtained in Qvevri (Georgian traditional winemaking method), by using innovative techniques for the determination of the polyphenolic content, aroma, and its correlation to the sensory characteristics. This peculiar red wine, after high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection and mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS), headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), and HS-SPME-GCxGC-MS/TOF (two-dimensional gas chromatography) chemical characterization showed a high polyphenol content (19.6 × 10 mg/L, 38.

Chemical Composition and Sensory Evaluation of Saffron.

The quality and economic value of saffron, one of the most counterfeited spices, are based on three key substances that are relatively easy to measure: crocines (colour); picrocrocines (bitter); safranal (odour impact). Despite being well-known, as their concentration is correlated to sensory intensity, a detailed sensory evaluation, performed by a trained panel, supported by advanced analytical approaches, may better show the relationships between saffron composition and sensory perception. Three saffron samples of different Italian origins (Sardinia and Tuscany) were evaluated by a trained sensory panel and their chemical composition was determined by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and spectrophotometry.

Fruit Wastes as a Valuable Source of Value-Added Compounds: A Collaborative Perspective.

The by-products/wastes from agro-food and in particular the fruit industry represents from one side an issue since they cannot be disposed as such for their impact on the environment but they need to be treated as a waste. However, on the other side, they are a source of bioactive healthy useful compounds which can be recovered and be the starting material for other products in the view of sustainability and a circular economy addressing the global goal of "zero waste" in the environment. An updated view of the state of art of the research on fruit wastes is here given under this perspective.

Oleuropein-Rich Leaf Extract as a Broad Inhibitor of Tumour and Macrophage iNOS in an Apc Mutant Rat Model.

Oleuropein, the major compound found in olive leaves, has been reported to exert numerous pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the effect of oleuropein-rich leaf extracts (ORLE) in already-developed colon tumours arising in (adenomatous polyposis coli) mutated PIRC rats (F344/NTac-Ap). Here, we were able to investigate in parallel the anti-cancer effect of ORLE, both in vivo and in vitro, and its anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages, representing a critical and abundant population in most solid tumour microenvironment.

Impact of Physical Activity and Natural Bioactive Compounds on Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a world-wide public health problem. Inflammation, endothelial dysfunction (ED) and vascular calcifications are clinical features of CKD patients that increase cardiovascular (CV) mortality. CKD-related CV disease pathogenic mechanisms are not only associated with traditional factors such as arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia, but also with ED, oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation.

Looking for Minor Phenolic Compounds in Extra Virgin Olive Oils Using Neutron and Raman Spectroscopies.

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is defined as a functional food as it contains numerous phenolic components with well-recognized health-beneficial properties, such as high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. These characteristics depend on their structural/conformational behavior, which is largely determined by intra- and intermolecular H-bond interactions. While the vibrational dynamics of isolated compounds have been studied in a number of recent investigations, their signal in a real-life sample of EVOO is overwhelmed by the major constituent acids.

Dietary Intake and Chronic Disease Prevention.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are non-infectious chronic pathologies [...

Hydroxytyrosol and Oleuropein-Enriched Extracts Obtained from Olive Oil Wastes and By-Products as Active Antioxidant Ingredients for Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)-Based Films.

Oxidative stability of food is one of the most important parameters affecting integrity and consequently nutritional properties of dietary constituents. Antioxidants are widely used to avoid deterioration during transformation, packaging, and storage of food. In this paper, novel poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based films were prepared by solvent casting method adding an hydroxytyrosol-enriched extract (HTyrE) or an oleuropein-enriched extract (OleE) in different percentages (5, 10 and 20% /) and a combination of both at 5% /.

Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide (um-PEA): A New Possible Adjuvant Treatment in COVID-19 patients.

The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused more than 100,000,000 cases of coronavirus infection in the world in just a year, of which there were 2 million deaths. Its clinical picture is characterized by pulmonary involvement that culminates, in the most severe cases, in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, COVID-19 affects other organs and systems, including cardiovascular, urinary, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems.

Preliminary Study on Pasta Samples Characterized in Antioxidant Compounds and Their Biological Activity on Kidney Cells.

Pasta is one of the basic foods of the Mediterranean diet and for this reason it was chosen for this study to evaluate its antioxidant properties. Three types of pasta were selected: buckwheat, rye and egg pasta. Qualitative-quantitative characterization analyses were carried out by HPLC-DAD to identify antioxidant compounds.

Perspectives on spp. () bud extracts as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

Hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from buds of , and were characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS analysis and subsequently evaluated for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. ABTS and DPPH assays evidenced that showed the best antioxidant activity in line with its highest total phenolic content. The analysis of the anti-inflammatory activity clearly demonstrated that all extracts suppressed the production of key pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, Il-1β and TNF-α) and HMGB1 inflammatory danger signal.

Effect of Hydrolysable Tannins and Anthocyanins on Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Nephropathic Patients: Preliminary Data.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by uropathogenic microorganism colonization. UTIs often require an antibiotic therapy that can cause the selection of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. A natural bioactive compound may represent a valid therapeutic adjuvant approach, in combination with drug therapy.

Sweet chestnut standardized fractions from sustainable circular process and green tea extract: In vitro inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic fungi for innovative applications in green agriculture.

In the present study, the antifungal activities of two commercial tannins-rich dry fractions towards different filamentous fungi of agronomical and food interest were evaluated. In particular, a standardized fraction from sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood by-products and a commercial green tea (Camellia sinensis L.

Usefulness of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Minor Polar Compounds in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common chronic non-communicable degenerative diseases and it represents an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The Mediterranean diet, in which extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the main source of vegetal fats, represents a nutritional-diet regimen that is useful for the treatment of CKD and its comorbidities. We tested two different EVOOs, characterized by a high (Synergy) and medium (Luxolio) content of minor polar compounds (MPCs), detected by HPLC-DAD-MS analysis, in 40 nephropathic patients, at a dose of 40 mL/day for 9 weeks.

An Industrial and Sustainable Platform for the Production of Bioactive Micronized Powders and Extracts Enriched in Polyphenols From L. and L. Wastes.

In the last few years, literature data have reported that health status is related to the consumption of foods rich in polyphenols, bioactive compounds found in the plant world, in particular in vegetables and fruit. These pieces of scientific evidence have led to an increase in the demand for functional foods and drinks enriched in polyphenols, so that plant materials are more and more requested. The availability of food and agricultural wastes has adverse effects on the economy, environment, and human health.

Cardiovascular Protection of Nephropathic Male Patients by Oral Food Supplements.

Nephropathic patients show elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared to the general population. In order to delve deeper into the understanding of this phenomenon, it is necessary to recognize risk factors that are distinctive to the uremic state, such as oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation. Moreover, gender differences have been reported in nephrology, as it has been observed that chronic kidney disease has higher prevalence in males than in females.

A Pilot Study of a Natural Food Supplement as New Possible Therapeutic Approach in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

The identification of natural bioactive compounds, able to counteract the abnormal increase of oxidative stress and inflammatory status in chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases is useful for the clinical management of these conditions. We tested an oral food supplement (OFS), chemically characterized and evaluated for in vitro and in vivo activity. Vitamin C, analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD), was 0.

Is Extra Virgin Olive Oil an Ally for Women's and Men's Cardiovascular Health?

Noncommunicable diseases are long-lasting and slowly progressive and are the leading causes of death and disability. They include cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) that are rising worldwide, with CVD being the leading cause of death in developed countries. Thus, there is a need to find new preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Cancer Glycolytic Dependence as a New Target of Olive Leaf Extract.

Oleuropein (Ole), the main bioactive phenolic component of L. has recently attracted the scientific attention for its several beneficial properties, including its anticancer effects. This study is intended to investigate whether an olive leaf extract enriched in Ole (OLEO) may counteract the aerobic glycolysis exploited by tumor cells.

Characterization of Volatile and Flavonoid Composition of Different Cuts of Dried Onion ( L.) by HS-SPME-GC-MS, HS-SPME-GC×GC-TOF and HPLC-DAD.

Onion is widely used worldwide in various forms for both food and medicinal applications, thanks to its high content of phytonutrients, such as flavonoids and volatile sulfur compounds. Fresh onion is very perishable and drying is widely applied for extending shelf-life, thus obtaining a very easy-to-use functional food ingredient. The flavonoid and volatile fractions of different onion cuts (flakes, rings) prepared through different drying cycles in a static oven, were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector HPLC-DAD, Head Space-Solid Phase Micro Extraction followed by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and Head-Space Solid Phase Micro Extraction followed by comprehensive two-dimensional Gas-Chromatography (HS-SPME-GC×GC-TOF).