Iatrogenic Epileptogenicity Caused by CNS Drugs: A Short Case Series and Narrative Review.

Multiple medications are known to increase epileptogenicity in patients with and without an underlying seizure disorder. Paradoxically, some of these medications include anti-seizure medications (ASMs) and other medications, such as psychotropics, that act on the central nervous system (CNS). This article aims to discuss 3 clinical cases that highlight the gamut of epileptogenic reactivity secondary to CNS drugs ranging from increased epileptogenicity in the form of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) without seizures, increased epileptogenicity on electroencephalogram (EEG) with associated non-epileptic movement disorders, and frank, seizures.

Longitudinal Disability, Cognitive Impairment, and Mood Symptoms in Patients With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis.

Background And Objectives: Longitudinal outcomes in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARe) are still not fully understood and may not be adequately captured with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), often the sole reported outcome. We aim to characterize longitudinal outcomes in anti-NMDARe using multiple outcome measures.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study examined outcome measures (mRS and Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis [CASE]) in adults with NMDA receptor-IgG in CSF at short- and long-term follow-ups using linear and logistic regression modeling.

The benefits and risks of escalation versus early highly effective treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, demyelinating, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that affects over 2 million people worldwide. Considerable advances have been made in the availability of disease modifying therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis since their introduction in the 1990s. This has led to debate regarding the optimal first-line treatment approach: a strategy of escalation versus early highly effective treatment.