Patients' Persistent Symptoms, Clinician Demographics, and Geo-Economic Factors Are Associated with Choice of Therapy for Hypothyroidism by European Thyroid Specialists: The "THESIS" Collaboration.

Hypothyroidism is common, however, aspects of its treatment remain controversial. Our survey aimed at documenting treatment choices of European thyroid specialists and exploring how patients' persistent symptoms, clinician demographics, and geo-economic factors relate to treatment choices. Seventeen thousand two hundred forty-seven thyroid specialists from 28 countries were invited to participate in an online questionnaire survey.

Characteristics of specialists treating hypothyroid patients: the "THESIS" collaborative.

Introduction: Thyroid specialists influence how hypothyroid patients are treated, including patients managed in primary care. Given that physician characteristics influence patient care, this study aimed to explore thyroid specialist profiles and associations with geo-economic factors.

Methods: Thyroid specialists from 28 countries were invited to respond to a questionnaire, Treatment of Hypothyroidism in Europe by Specialists: an International Survey (THESIS).

Clinical Management of Women with Newly Diagnosed Osteoporosis: Data from Everyday Practice in Bulgaria.

Introduction: The real duration of osteoporosis treatment in clinical practice is still not well described. The primary objective is to estimate the proportion of patients who stayed on treatment during a 4-year follow-up, and the secondary objective is to estimate the proportion of patients who switched treatment and the reasons for switch or discontinuation.

Methods: This was a national retrospective chart review, based on routine clinical data.

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in a Bulgarian Population of Patients with Dyslipidaemia and Diabetes: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Patients with diabetes and familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) are at very high risk of cardiovascular events, but rates of FH detection are very low in most countries, including Bulgaria. Given the lack of relevant data in the literature, we conducted a retrospective observational study to (1) identify individuals with previously undiagnosed FH among patients being treated at Bulgarian diabetes centres, and (2) gain insight into current management and attainment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals in such patients.

Methods: From a database of diabetes centres across Bulgaria we retrieved medical records from patients aged ≥ 18 years with type 1/2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM/T2DM) who were being treated with insulin/insulin analogues, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and/or sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors.

Increased prevalence of depression and anxiety among subjects with metabolic syndrome and known type 2 diabetes mellitus - a population-based study.

Objectives: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The MetS and its elements have been linked to anxiety and depressive disorders. The aim of the current cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety, measured by the Zung Self-Rating Scale in subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome and diabetes.

Differences in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and hip fractures in nursing home residents and independently living elderly.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and fracture history in nursing home residents and community-dwelling elderly subjects and to explore the association of vitamin D levels with various characteristics.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-six nursing home residents and 139 community-dwelling elderly subjects participated. Marital status, medical history, medication including vitamin D supplements, smoking, past fractures were assessed.

Changes in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in bulgaria (2006-2012).

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare two nationwide cross-sectional studies of diabetes prevalence in Bulgaria (2006 and 2012) and to assess its dynamics.

Material And Methods: The two studies included 2396 and 2033 subjects, respectively. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) diagnostic criteria were applied, and the data were weighed for type of settlement and age.

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increases through the quartiles of thyroid stimulating hormone in a population-based sample of euthyroid subjects.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its elements in relation to TSH in euthyroid subjects.

Materials And Methods: In the cross-sectional study, 2,153 euthyroid adults, 47.2 ± 14.

Age and menopausal status affect osteoprotegerin and osteocalcin levels in women differently, irrespective of thyroid function.

Unlabelled: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteocalcin (OC) are essential bone proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that they are not secreted solely by bone cells; they play roles in the vascular function and energy metabolism, and they are influenced by multiple factors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of menopause and age on OPG and OC in women with different thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

Femoral neck bone mineral density and 10-year absolute fracture risk in a national representative sample of Bulgarian women aged 50 years and older.

Unlabelled: This study explored the epidemiology of osteoporosis in Bulgarian women (>50 years). Of the women included in the study, 16.8% had osteoporosis and 46.

High-intensity focused ultrasound to treat primary hyperparathyroidism: a feasibility study in four patients.

Objective: Many patients with primary hyperparathyroidism either decline or are not candidates for surgical parathyroidectomy. There are drawbacks to medical therapy as well as percutaneous ethanol injection as alternative therapies for primary hyperparathyroidism. Therefore, in this pilot study, our aim was to test the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a newly developed noninvasive high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) technique for the nonsurgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism.

A transitory polycytaemia after parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism--a literature survey and a case study.

The present study is a literature review of a nephrological problem--secondary hyperparathyroidism, its surgical treatment and the effect of the intervention on the anemic syndrome in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on hemodialysis treatment. We present a case of a 29-year-old female hemodialysis patient with a transitory polycytaemia (duration of 5 months) after parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Prior to surgery she was constantly anemic in spite of epoetin treatment lasting 10 years.