Remission, complications, and overall survival in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery-a Swedish single-center experience of 578 patients.

Background: Surgical treatment of pituitary lesions causing hormonal overproduction or mass effect is standard procedure. There are few reports on the results and complications related to these surgeries from Northern Europe. Our aim was to evaluate the outcome and complications of a single tertiary surgical center over more than a decade.

GWAS for autoimmune Addison's disease identifies multiple risk loci and highlights AIRE in disease susceptibility.

Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the adrenal cortex. Low prevalence and complex inheritance have long hindered successful genetic studies. We here report the first genome-wide association study on AAD, which identifies nine independent risk loci (P < 5 × 10).

Evaluation of different hydrocortisone treatment strategies in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery.

Background: Hydrocortisone treatment in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery has been debated. Although several publications advocate restrictive treatment, centers around the world administer stress doses of hydrocortisone in patients with presumed intact cortisol production. Our aim with this analysis was to compare postoperative hypocortisolism in patients who received three different protocols of hydrocortisone therapy during and after surgery.

Cytokine Autoantibody Screening in the Swedish Addison Registry Identifies Patients With Undiagnosed APS1.

Context: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is a monogenic disorder that features autoimmune Addison disease as a major component. Although APS1 accounts for only a small fraction of all patients with Addison disease, early identification of these individuals is vital to prevent the potentially lethal complications of APS1.

Objective: To determine whether available serological and genetic markers are valuable screening tools for the identification of APS1 among patients diagnosed with Addison disease.

Acromegaly at diagnosis in 3173 patients from the Liège Acromegaly Survey (LAS) Database.

Acromegaly is a rare disorder caused by chronic growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion. While diagnostic and therapeutic methods have advanced, little information exists on trends in acromegaly characteristics over time. The , a relational database, is designed to assess the profile of acromegaly patients at diagnosis and during long-term follow-up at multiple treatment centers.

Clinical and Immunological Characteristics of Autoimmune Addison Disease: A Nationwide Swedish Multicenter Study.

Context: Studies of the clinical and immunological features of autoimmune Addison disease (AAD) are needed to understand the disease burden and increased mortality.

Objective: To provide upgraded data on autoimmune comorbidities, replacement therapy, autoantibody profiles, and cardiovascular risk factors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional, population-based study that included 660 AAD patients from the Swedish Addison Registry (2008-2014).

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Epidemiology, quality of life and complications of primary adrenal insufficiency: a review.

In this article, we review published studies covering epidemiology, natural course and mortality in primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) or Addison's disease. Autoimmune PAI is a rare disease with a prevalence of 100-220 per million inhabitants. It occurs as part of an autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome in more than half of the cases.

Circadian hormone profiles and insulin sensitivity in patients with Addison's disease: a comparison of continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion with conventional glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

Context: Conventional glucocorticoid replacement therapy in patients with Addison's disease (AD) is unphysiological with possible adverse effects on mortality, morbidity and quality of life. The diurnal cortisol profile can likely be restored by continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI).

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare circadian hormone rhythms and insulin sensitivity in conventional thrice-daily regimen of glucocorticoid replacement therapy with CSHI treatment in patients with AD.

Association of autoimmune Addison's disease with alleles of STAT4 and GATA3 in European cohorts.

Background: Gene variants known to contribute to Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) susceptibility include those at the MHC, MICA, CIITA, CTLA4, PTPN22, CYP27B1, NLRP-1 and CD274 loci. The majority of the genetic component to disease susceptibility has yet to be accounted for.

Aim: To investigate the role of 19 candidate genes in AAD susceptibility in six European case-control cohorts.

Continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion versus oral hydrocortisone replacement for treatment of addison's disease: a randomized clinical trial.

Context: Conventional glucocorticoid replacement therapy fails to mimic the physiological cortisol rhythm, which may have implications for morbidity and mortality in patients with Addison's disease.

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the effects of continuous sc hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI) with conventional oral hydrocortisone (OHC) replacement therapy.

Design, Patients, And Interventions: This was a prospective crossover, randomized, multicenter clinical trial comparing 3 months of treatment with thrice-daily OHC vs CSHI.

Galanin and its three receptors in human pituitary adenoma.

Galanin, a 29-aminoacid peptide (30 in humans), is widely distributed in the nervous and endocrine systems and exerts its actions via three G-protein-coupled receptors, GalR1-3. The galanin system has, among others, been associated with tumorigenesis. Our objective was to assess the expression of galanin and its receptors in pituitary tumors.

Quality of life in European patients with Addison's disease: validity of the disease-specific questionnaire AddiQoL.

Context: Patients with Addison's disease (AD) self-report impairment in specific dimensions on well-being questionnaires. An AD-specific quality-of-life questionnaire (AddiQoL) was developed to aid evaluation of patients.

Objective: We aimed to translate and determine construct validity, reliability, and concurrent validity of the AddiQoL questionnaire.

Effect of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia on anthropometric measures, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses.

Objectives: This study consisting of two subprojects was undertaken to evaluate the effects of hyperprolactinemia on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk parameters such as anthropometric measures, insulin sensitivity and blood lipids in patients with schizophrenia or related psychoses on long term treatment with antipsychotics.

Methods: In subproject Ι, 45 patients receiving the 2nd generation antipsychotics risperidone, clozapine or olanzapine were compared regarding prolactin (PRL), body mass index (BMI), insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and blood lipids. In subproject Π, 24 patients receiving 1st or 2nd generation antipsychotics were investigated with diurnal profile of PRL and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Cancer risk in hyperprolactinemia patients: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: Experimental evidence indicates that prolactin might play a role in tumorigenesis of several human cancers, but data on cancer risk in hyperprolactinemia patients are sparse. The aim of this study was to investigate cancer risk in hyperprolactinemia patients. Design A population-based matched cohort study in Sweden.

Insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in prolactinoma patients before and after normalization of prolactin by dopamine agonist therapy.

Hyperprolactinemia has been associated with impaired metabolism, including insulin resistance. However, the metabolic effects of elevated prolactin (PRL) levels are not completely clarified. The aim of this study was to obtain more insights of metabolic consequences in hyperprolactinemia patients.

Serotonin receptor 2A gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia: association with family history, diagnostic subtype and height in patients.

Objectives: The 102T/C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A) gene has been reported to be associated with schizophrenia. However, SNPs of the HTR2A gene other than the 102T/C have attracted only limited studies in relation to schizophrenia, and also on the whole SNPs of the HTR2A gene have been little studied in relation to clinical parameters in patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of main functionally characterized SNPs of the HTR2A gene on both the schizophrenia and clinical parameters.

Motivation for sucrose in sated rats is predicted by low anxiety-like behavior.

Anxiety has been implicated in obesity and in the overconsumption of highly palatable foods such as those high in fat, sugar, or both. Also, the novelty-seeking trait has been associated with failure in weight-loss programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of experimental anxiety and the self-administration of sucrose and high fat pellets in non-food deprived rats across different operant schedules.

Withdrawal from free-choice high-fat high-sugar diet induces craving only in obesity-prone animals.

Introduction: Vulnerability for weight gain is an individual trait. Obese people undertake dieting, but permanent weight loss is difficult to attain due to repeated phases of relapse to excess consumption.

Materials And Methods: In this study, male Wistar rats were trained to operantly self-administer pellets followed by free-choice access in the homecage to high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) diet consisting of 30% sucrose, lard, standard rodent chow and water.

Autoantibodies in autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I patients react with major brain neurotransmitter systems.

Patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS1) often display high titers of autoantibodies (autoAbs) directed against aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Neurological symptoms, including stiff-man syndrome and cerebellar ataxia, can occur in subjects with high levels of GAD autoAbs, particularly when patient sera can immunohistochemically stain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons. However, it was not known if APS1 sera can also stain major monoamine systems in the brain.

The relative impact of chronic food restriction and acute food deprivation on plasma hormone levels and hypothalamic neuropeptide expression.

Our understanding of the central regulation of food intake and body weight has increased tremendously through implication of a high number of neuropeptides. However, lack of all-embracing studies have made comparison difficult in the past. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the relative importance of the different neuropeptides in terms of involvement in appetite regulatory mechanisms.

Cognitive function in children and subsequent type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To assess whether a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes by age 42 years is associated with prior cognitive deficits in childhood.

Research Design And Methods: Logistic regression estimated type 2 diabetes risk among 9,113 members of the 1958 British birth cohort of the National Child Development Study (NCDS). Associations with type 2 diabetes were estimated for general ability and reading comprehension assessments at age 11 years, modeled using SD units.