Bowel and bladder function in infant toilet training (BABITT) - protocol for a randomized, two-armed intervention study.

Background: In the last decades, the average age for toilet training has increased in the western world. It is suggested that the postponed initiation of toilet training is a contributing factor to problems related to bowel and bladder control. Functional gastrointestinal and urinary tract disorders are prevalent in childhood, causing suffering in affected children and for their families, and consuming healthcare resources.

Bladder/bowel dysfunction in pre-school children following febrile urinary tract infection in infancy.

Background: An association between bladder-bowel dysfunction (BBD) and urinary tract infection (UTI) is well-known. However, a question less explored is whether children with UTI early in life also have increased prevalence of BBD after they are toilet-trained. In this study, consecutively selected children with pyelonephritis during their first year of life were assessed for BBD at pre-school age.

Grief related to the experience of being the sibling of a child with cancer.

Background: Few studies have described the well siblings' experience of grief when a brother or sister is treated for cancer. Knowing how sibling grief is expressed will guide clinician and family efforts to provide appropriate support.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe siblings' reports of grief related to the experience of having a brother or sister with cancer.

Person-centred web-based support--development through a Swedish multi-case study.

Background: Departing from the widespread use of the internet in modern society and the emerging use of web applications in healthcare this project captures persons' needs and expectations in order to develop highly usable web recourses. The purpose of this paper is to outline a multi-case research project focused on the development and evaluation of person-centred web-based support for people with long-term illness. To support the underlying idea to move beyond the illness, we approach the development of web support from the perspective of the emergent area of person-centred care.

A web-based programme for person-centred learning and support designed for preschool children with long-term illness: a pilot study of a new intervention.

For children living with long-term illness, school age is a risk period with regard to psychosocial ill health and poor compliance with treatment. There is a need for methods to promote health, well-being, and self-esteem. This study describes a new concept for supporting children, person-centred web-based learning and support, which has been tested in 12 preschool children and incorporates learning about feelings, relationships, and the right to integrity.

Vietnamese mothers' experiences with potty training procedure for children from birth to 2 years of age.

Objective: This study addresses mothers' experiences with potty training in a Vietnamese population.

Subjects And Methods: Forty-seven mothers were interviewed and followed from the time that their children were newborns until they were 24-months old. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Quality of life after adopting compared with childbirth with or without assisted reproduction.

Objective: This study compares quality of life among couples who had adopted a child 4-5.5 years previously with couples whose conception was spontaneous, as well as with couples who had successful or unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Father for the first time--development and validation of a questionnaire to assess fathers' experiences of first childbirth (FTFQ).

Background: A father's experience of the birth of his first child is important not only for his birth-giving partner but also for the father himself, his relationship with the mother and the newborn. No validated questionnaire assessing first-time fathers' experiences during childbirth is currently available. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop and validate an instrument to assess first-time fathers' experiences of childbirth.

Afterpains: a comparison between active and expectant management of the third stage of labor.

Background:   Management of the third stage of labor, the period following the birth of the infant until delivery of the placenta, is crucial. Active management using synthetic oxytocin has been advocated to decrease blood loss. It has been suggested, but not studied, that oxytocin may increase afterpains.

Severe male infertility after failed ICSI treatment--a phenomenological study of men's experiences.

Background: Male-factor infertility underlies approximately 30% of infertility in couples seeking treatment; of which 10% is due to azoospermia. The development of assisted reproductive technology (ART), enabling the use of epididymal or testicular sperm for fertilization of the partner's oocytes, has made biological fatherhood possible for men with obstructive azoospermia. There is limited knowledge of men's experience of their own infertility.

The experience of therapeutic support groups by siblings of children with cancer.

When a child is diagnosed with cancer, the whole family, including siblings, lives in fear of how the cancer will affect the sick child and how it will influence other family members. The aim of this article is to describe the experiences expressed by the siblings in a support group environment when their families have or have had a child diagnosed with cancer. Fifteen siblings 8 to 19 years of age with a brother or sister who was receiving treatment for or had died from cancer were interviewed after participating in therapeutic support groups.

First-time fathers' experiences of childbirth--a phenomenological study.

Objective: To describe fathers' experiences during childbirth.

Design: Qualitative method with phenomenological lifeworld approach. A re-enactment interview method, with open-ended questions analysed with a phenomenological method, was used.

Children's experiences of attitudes and rules for going to the toilet in school.

Introduction: School children often base their toilet habits on behavioural and social reasons. Bladder emptying problems, urinary tract infections and constipation are common health problems which are also associated with irregular toilet habits. School rules for going to the toilet have been shown to create difficulties for school children with bladder dysfunction.

Music therapy to reduce pain and anxiety in children with cancer undergoing lumbar puncture: a randomized clinical trial.

A nonpharmacological method can be an alternative or complement to analgesics.The aim of this study was to evaluate if music medicine influences pain and anxiety in children undergoing lumbar punctures. A randomized clinical trial was used in 40 children (aged 7-12 years) with leukemia, followed by interviews in 20 of these participants.

Gender perspective on quality of life, comparisons between groups 4-5.5 years after unsuccessful or successful IVF treatment.

Objective: To describe and compare quality of life in men and women who had in vitro fertilization (IVF) within the Swedish public health system 4-5.5 years previously, either unsuccessfully and were subsequently living without children, or successfully, having children aged 4-5.5 years.

Development of bladder control in the first year of life in children who are potty trained early.

Objective: To describe longitudinally the development of micturition patterns in children who are potty trained early.

Subjects And Methods: Healthy children in Vietnam from newborn up to 1 year were investigated every 3 months. This included mapping of the micturition pattern through the 4-h micturition observation method.

Parental presence when their child is in neonatal intensive care.

Background And Aim: When a newborn baby needs care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the parents are welcome to stay with their child whenever they wish. The aim of the present study was to investigate the time per day parents are present together with their child at the NICU and to identify factors that facilitated and obstructed their presence.

Methods: In a descriptive study 67 parents of 42 children from two NICUs registered all time they spent at the NICU and then took part in a structured interview.

Everyday experiences of life, body and well-being in children with overweight.

Background And Aims: Childhood overweight is presented as a complex problem to solve. To elaborate efforts required in striving for normal weight in overweight children healthy signs of life from the child's point of view should be identified and promoted. The aim of the present study is to describe everyday experiences of life, body and well-being in children with overweight.

Management of the third stage of labour--focus group discussions with Swedish midwives.

Objective: to explore Swedish midwives' experiences of management of third stage of labour.

Design: six focus group discussions were performed and the analysis was based on content analysis.

Setting: the midwives worked at six hospitals: three university hospitals and three provincial hospitals located from the south west to the north of Sweden.

Quality of life for couples 4-5.5 years after unsuccessful IVF treatment.

Objective: To describe quality of life in men and women who had terminated in vitro fertilization (IVF) within the public health system 4-5.5 years previously, and for whom treatment did not result in childbirth.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Parents' experiences of their children achieving bladder control.

Achieving bladder control is important for children and parents, but there is a shortage of knowledge about experiences from parents' points of view. The aim of this study was to describe parents' experiences of how their children achieved dryness. Twenty-two parents of 21 healthy children were interviewed about the process.

Experiences of children treating functional bladder disturbances on schooldays.

Objective: After clinical urotherapeutic guidance, schoolchildren suffering from functional bladder disturbances are expected to manage treatment at school. To comply with treatment instructions the children have to visit the toilet at least every 3 h, find the sitting position facilitating relaxation of the pelvic floor, and then empty the bladder as completely as possible. They often blame failing to comply on their experiences of the school toilet.

Life events and their impact on bladder control in children.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between incidence and nature of life events within families and age of bladder control acquisition in healthy children.

Subjects And Methods: Thirty-five parents of 36, 6-year-old children were interviewed using the Coddington life events questionnaire.

Results: The children had experienced a total of 185 life events (mean 5, median 4.

Identification and follow-up of obesity in ten-year-old school children.

Objective: Growth surveillance of children in school health services is a routine in Sweden. We describe the effect at follow-up of an overt identification of obesity in school children.

Methods: Follow-up data were collected in two populations of ten-year-old children with obesity.

The lived experience of the diabetes nurse specialist regular check-ups, as narrated by patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: The aim was to elucidate the lived experience of regular diabetes nurse specialist check-ups among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Diabetes care with diabetes nurse-led clinics in primary care has been established in Sweden since the 1980s. Information about patients' lived experience of these regular check-ups is important in the further development of diabetes nursing in primary care.